酒者，水谷之精也，其气 悍而有大毒。入于胃则胃胀气逆，上逆于胸，内蘸于肝
胆，故令肝浮胆横，而狂悖变怒，失于常性，故云恶酒也。
酒性有毒，而复大热，饮之过多，故毒热气渗溢经络，浸溢腑脏，而生诸病也。或烦毒
壮热，而似伤寒；或洒淅恶寒，有同温疟；或吐利不安；或呕逆烦闷，随脏气虚实而生病焉
。病候非一，故云诸病。
夫吐血者，皆由大虚损及饮酒、劳损所致也。但肺者，五脏上盖也，心肝又俱主于血。
上焦有邪，则伤诸脏，脏伤血下入于胃，胃得血则闷满气逆，气逆故吐血也。
但吐血有三种∶一曰内衄，二曰肺疽，三曰伤胃。内衄者，出血如鼻衄，但不从鼻孔出
，是近心肺间津出，还流入胃内。或如豆汁，或如衄血，凝停胃里，因即满闷便吐，或去数
升乃至一斗是也。肺疽者，言饮酒之后，毒满便吐，吐以后有一合二合，或半升一升是也。
伤胃者，是饮食大饱之后，胃内冷，不能消化，则便烦闷，强呕吐之，所食之物与气共上冲
蹙，因伤损胃口，便吐血，色鲜正赤是也。
凡吐血之后，体恒，KT KT 然，心里烦躁，闷乱纷纷，颠倒不安。
寸口脉微而弱，血气俱虚，则吐血。关上脉微而芤，亦吐血。脉细沉者生，喘咳上气，
脉数浮大者死。久不瘥，面色黄黑，无复血气，时寒时热，难治也。
《养生方》云∶思虑伤心，心伤则吐衄，发则发焦也。
Wine is the essence derived from grain and water; its qi is fierce and possesses great toxicity. Upon entering the stomach, it causes gastric distension and rebellious qi, which rushes upward to the chest and internally infiltrates the liver and gallbladder. This leads to floating liver qi and horizontal gallbladder qi, resulting in madness, confusion, and anger, causing a loss of normal temperament; hence it is termed "aversion to wine" (E Jiu).
The nature of wine is toxic and intensely hot. Excessive consumption allows the toxic heat to permeate the meridians and overflow into the zang-fu organs, generating various diseases. Some present with irritability, severe fever, resembling Taiyang disease (Shang Han); others exhibit shivering aversion to cold, similar to Warm Malaria (Wen Nue); some manifest as vomiting, diarrhea, and restlessness; others show retching, rebellion of qi, and oppression. These illnesses arise according to the deficiency or excess of the organ qi. Since the clinical manifestations are diverse, they are collectively called "various diseases after drinking" (Zhu Bing).
Hematemesis (vomiting blood) is caused by severe deficiency damage, excessive alcohol consumption, and physical exhaustion. The lung sits at the top of the five zang organs, covering them; the heart and liver both govern blood. When pathogenic factors affect the upper jiao, they injure the various organs. Injured organs allow blood to descend into the stomach. The stomach, receiving blood, becomes obstructed and full, leading to rebellious qi; this rebellious qi causes hematemesis.
Hematemesis manifests in three types: first, internal epistaxis (Nei Nu); second, lung abscess (Fei Ju); third, stomach injury (Shang Wei). Internal epistaxis refers to bleeding resembling nasal bleeding but not exiting through the nostrils; rather, fluids near the heart and lung exude and flow back into the stomach. The blood may resemble bean juice or clotted blood, stagnating in the stomach, causing fullness and oppression before being vomited out; the volume may range from several sheng to one dou. Lung abscess refers to vomiting blood after drinking due to toxic accumulation; the amount vomited afterward may be one or two he, or half to one sheng. Stomach injury occurs after overeating; the stomach becomes cold and fails to digest food, causing oppression and irritability. Forced vomiting causes the ingested food and qi to rush upward and crush against the stomach opening, injuring it and causing hematemesis with bright red blood.
After hematemesis, the body typically feels weak and limp, with mental restlessness, oppression, confusion, and inability to find a comfortable position.
If the cunkou pulse is faint and weak, indicating dual deficiency of qi and blood, hematemesis occurs. If the guan pulse is faint and knifelike (Kou), hematemesis also occurs. A fine and deep pulse indicates survival; however, if accompanied by wheezing, coughing, and rebellious qi, and the pulse is rapid, floating, and large, death ensues. If the condition persists without recovery, with yellow-black complexion, loss of blood and qi, and alternating chills and fever, it is difficult to treat.
The *Yang Sheng Fang* states: Overthinking damages the heart; heart damage leads to hematemesis and epistaxis, and upon onset, hair falls out.