支饮，谓饮水过多，停积于胸膈之间，支乘于心，故云支饮。其病，令人咳逆喘
息，身体如肿之状，谓之支饮也。
溢饮，谓因大渴而暴饮水，水气溢于肠胃之外，在于皮肤之间，故言溢饮。令人
身体疼重而多汗，是其候也。
悬饮，谓饮水过多，留注胁下，令胁间悬痛，咳唾引胁痛，故云悬饮。
夫五脏调和，则荣卫气理，荣卫气理，则津液通流，虽复多饮水浆，不能为病。若摄养
乖方，则三焦痞隔。三焦痞隔，则肠胃不能宣行，因饮水浆过多，便令停滞不散，更遇寒气
，积聚而成癖。癖者，谓僻侧在于两胁之间，有时而痛是也。其汤熨针石，别有正方，补养
宣导，今附于后。
《养生方》云∶卧觉，勿饮水更眠，令人作水癖。
又云∶饮水勿急咽，久成水癖。
《养生方·导引法》云∶举两膝，夹两颊边，两手据地蹲坐，故久行之，愈伏梁。伏梁
者，宿食不消成癖，腹中如杯如盘。宿痈者，宿水宿气癖数生痈。久行，肠化为筋，骨变为
久癖，谓因饮水过多，水气壅滞，遇寒热气相搏，便成癖。在于两肋下，经久不瘥，乃
结聚成形，弦亘而起，按之乃水鸣，积有岁年，故云久癖。
此由饮水聚停不散，复因饮食相搏，致使结积在于胁下，时有弦亘起，或胀痛，或喘息
脉紧实者，癖结也。
Zhi Yin (Branching Fluid Retention) refers to the condition where excessive drinking of water leads to fluid accumulation in the chest and diaphragm, supporting the heart, hence the name Zhi Yin. This disease causes cough with counterflow qi, panting, and a body appearance resembling edema; this is called Zhi Yin.
Yi Yin (Overflowing Fluid Retention) refers to the condition caused by sudden excessive drinking due to extreme thirst, where water qi overflows beyond the stomach and intestines and stays between the skin and muscles, hence the name Yi Yin. It causes body pain and heaviness with profuse sweating; these are its clinical manifestations.
Xuan Yin (Hanging Fluid Retention) refers to the condition where excessive drinking leads to fluid retention in the hypochondrium, causing hanging-like pain in the intercostal space, and pain in the hypochondrium radiating upon coughing or spitting; hence it is called Xuan Yin.
When the five zang organs are harmonious, Ying and Wei Qi (Nutritive and Defensive Qi) function orderly. When Ying and Wei Qi function orderly, Jin Ye (Body Fluids) flow freely. Even if one drinks large amounts of fluids, it will not cause disease. However, if health preservation methods are improper, the San Jiao (Triple Burner) becomes obstructed. Obstruction of the San Jiao prevents the stomach and intestines from disseminating and circulating properly. Consequently, excessive drinking leads to fluid stagnation. If exposed to cold pathogenic factors, these accumulated fluids form Pi (masses). Pi refers to masses located obliquely between the two hypochondria, which cause intermittent pain. Regarding treatments using decoctions, external heat applications, acupuncture, and stone therapy, there are separate specific formulas. Methods for tonification, nourishment, and Daoyin (guiding and pulling exercises) are attached hereafter.
The *Yangsheng Fang* (Prescriptions for Health Preservation) states: "After waking from sleep, do not drink water and then go back to sleep, as this causes Shui Pi (Water Mass)."
It also states: "Do not swallow water hastily; doing so over a long period leads to Shui Pi."
The *Daoyin Fa* (Guiding and Pulling Method) in *Yangsheng Fang* states: "Lift both knees, press them against the sides of the cheeks, place both hands on the ground, and squat-sit. Long-term practice cures Fuliang (Overlapping Beams). Fuliang refers to undigested food forming masses, feeling like a cup or plate in the abdomen. Su Yong (Old Abscess) refers to abscesses recurring due to old water and stagnant qi masses. Long-term practice transforms intestines into sinews and bones into..." (Text ends abruptly here).
Jiu Pi (Long-standing Mass) refers to the condition formed when excessive drinking causes water qi stagnation, which interacts with cold and heat pathogens, resulting in Pi. Located under the two ribs, if it persists without healing, it condenses into a shape, rising transversely like a bowstring. Pressing it produces a gurgling sound. Having accumulated over years, it is called Jiu Pi.
This results from water gathering and stagnating without dispersing, further compounded by the interaction with food, causing accumulation in the hypochondrium. Symptoms include transverse protrusion resembling a bowstring, distending pain, panting, and a tight, excess pulse; this is known as Pi Jie (Mass Concretion).