此由饮水结聚在于膀胱，遇冷热气相搏，因而作癖。癖者，冷气也。冷气久乘于脾，脾
得湿冷，则不能消谷，故令食不消。使人羸瘦不能食，时泄利，腹内痛，气力乏弱，颜色黧
黑是也。
关脉细微而绝者，腹内有癖，不能食也。
寒癖之为病，是水饮停积，肋下弦强是也。因遇寒即痛，所以谓之寒癖。
脉弦而大者，寒癖也。
饮癖者，由饮水过多，在于胁下不散，又遇冷气相触而痛，即呼为饮癖也。其状∶胁下
弦急，时有水声。
痰癖者，由饮水未散，在于胸腑之间，因遇寒热之气相搏，沉滞而成痰也。痰又停聚流
移于胁肋之间，有时而痛，即谓之痰癖。
悬癖者，谓癖气在胁肋之间，弦亘而起，咳唾则引胁下悬痛，所以谓之悬癖。
夫酒癖者，因大饮酒后，渴而引饮无度，酒与饮俱不散，停滞在于胁肋下，结聚成癖，
时时而痛，因即呼为酒癖。其状∶胁下弦急而痛。
此由饮酒多食鱼脍之类，腹内痞满，因而成渴，渴又饮水，水气与食结聚，兼遇寒气相
加，所以成癖。癖气停聚，乘于脾胃，脾胃得癖气不能消化，故令宿食不消。腹内胀满，噫
气酸臭，吞酸，气急，所以谓之酒癖宿食不消也。
夫饮酒人大渴，渴而饮水，水与酒停聚胸膈之上，蕴积不散而成癖也。则令呕吐宿水，
色如菹汁、小豆汁之类，酸苦者，故谓之酒癖菹痰也。
This condition arises from the accumulation of drinking water in the Bladder (Pang Guang), where it encounters a struggle between cold and hot qi, thereby forming Pi disease (a type of abdominal mass or stagnation). "Pi" refers to cold qi. When cold qi long invades the Spleen (Pi Zang), and the Spleen is affected by damp-cold, it loses the ability to digest grains, thus causing food indigestion. This leads to emaciation, anorexia, frequent diarrhea, abdominal pain, weakness of energy, and dark complexion.
If the Guan pulse (pulse position at the wrist) is fine and minute or imperceptible, it indicates Pi disease within the abdomen, resulting in the inability to eat.
Han Pi (Cold Pi) is a disease characterized by the retention of fluid-drinking, with a string-taut and stiff sensation under the hypochondrium. It causes pain upon exposure to cold, hence the name Cold Pi.
A pulse that is string-taut and large indicates Cold Pi.
Yin Pi (Drinking Water Pi) occurs due to excessive intake of water, which remains stagnant under the hypochondrium. When it contacts cold qi, pain ensues, and this is termed Drinking Water Pi. Its manifestations include: a string-taut and urgent sensation under the hypochondrium, accompanied by occasional sounds of water.
Tan Pi (Phlegm Pi) results from undissipated drinking water remaining between the chest and epigastrium. Due to the struggle between cold and hot qi, it becomes stagnant and transforms into Phlegm (Tan). The phlegm then accumulates and migrates to the hypochondriac and costal regions, causing intermittent pain, thus called Phlegm Pi.
Xuan Pi (Hanging Pi) refers to Pi qi located between the hypochondrium and ribs, rising like a taut bowstring. Coughing or spitting induces pulling pain in the hanging area of the hypochondrium, hence the name Hanging Pi.
Jiu Pi (Wine Pi) arises after heavy alcohol consumption, followed by excessive drinking due to thirst. Both wine and water fail to dissipate, stagnating under the hypochondrium and condensing into Pi, causing intermittent pain; thus it is called Wine Pi. Its symptoms include: string-taut urgency and pain under the hypochondrium.
This condition stems from consuming large amounts of wine and raw fish slices, leading to abdominal fullness and subsequent thirst. Thirst prompts further water intake, causing water qi and food to aggregate. Combined with the invasion of cold qi, Pi disease forms. The Pi qi stagnates and attacks the Spleen and Stomach (Wei). Affected by Pi qi, the Spleen and Stomach lose their digestive capacity, resulting in the retention of old food. Symptoms include abdominal distension, belching with sour odor, acid regurgitation, and rapid breathing; hence it is termed Wine Pi with Food Indigestion.
When drinkers experience extreme thirst and consume water, the water and wine accumulate above the chest and diaphragm, fermenting and failing to dissipate, forming Pi disease. This leads to vomiting of retained fluids, which appear like brine juice or red bean soup, tasting sour and bitter; thus it is called Wine Pi with Brine Phlegm.