宁气补肺汤
治肺虚气极，烦热汗出，口舌渴燥方：
麦门冬（二升）五味子（二升）白浆（五升）芥子（半升）旋覆花（一两）竹味（三把）
上六味，但以白浆共煮，取得三升，分三服，日尽之。
固元补肾汤
治肾虚精极，遗精失溺，气乏无力，不可动转，唾血、咯血方：
地黄（切）王瓜根（切，各三两）苦酒（一升）甘草（炙）薤白（四两）干姜（二两，切）
上方六味，以苦酒合井泉水五升煮之，取得三升，每服一升，一日尽之。
陶云：经云：毒药攻邪，五茶为充，五果为助，五谷为养，五畜为益，，尔乃大汤之设。今所录者，皆小汤耳。若欲作大汤者，补有汤内加羊肝，补心加鸡心，补脾加牛肉，补肺加犬肉，补肾加猪肾，各一具，即成也。
陶隐居云：“依《神农本经》及《桐君采药录》，上中下三品之药，凡三百六十五味，以应周天之度，四时八节之气，商有圣相伊尹，撰《汤液经法》三卷，为方亦三百六十首：上品上药，为服食补益方者百二十者；中品中药，为疗疾祛邪之方，亦百十十首；下品毒药，为杀虫辟邪痈疽等方，亦百二十首。凡共三百六十首也，实万代医家之规范，苍生护命之大宝也。今检录常情需用者六十首，备山中预防灾疾之用耳。检用诸药之要者，可黩契经方之旨焉。经云：在天成象，在地成形，天有五气，化生五味，五味之变，不可胜数。”今者约列二十五种，以明五行互含之迹，以明五味变化之用，如左：
味辛皆属木，桂为之主，椒为火，姜为土，细辛为金，（）（）为水。
味咸皆属火，旋覆花为之主，大黄为木，泽泻为土，厚朴为金，硝石为水。
味甘皆属土，人参为之主，甘草为木，大枣为火，麦冬为金，茯苓为水。
味酸皆属金，五味[子]为之主，枳实为木，豉为火，区药为土，薯蓣为水。
味苦皆属水，地黄为之主，黄芩为木，黄连为火，白术为土，竹味为水。
此二十五味，为诸药之精，多疗诸五脏六腑内损诸病，学者当深契焉。
经云：“主于补泻者为君，数量同于君而非主故为臣，从于佐监者为佐使。”
陶隐居曰：此图乃《汤液经法》尽要之妙，学者能谙于此，医道毕矣。
弘景曰：“外感天行，经方之药，有二旦、六神大小等汤。昔南阳张机，依此诸方，撰写为《伤寒论》一部，疗治明悉，后学咸尊奉之。山林僻居，仓卒难防外感之疾，日数传，生死往往在三五日间，岂险之虞也，今亦录而识之。
小阳旦汤
治天行发热，自汗出而恶风，鼻鸣干呕者。
桂枝（三两）芍药（三两）生姜（二两，切）甘草（炙，二两）大枣（十二枚）
上方，以水七升，煮取三升，温服一升，服已，即啜热稀饭一器，以助药力，稍令汗出，不可大汗流漓，汗之则病不除也。若不汗出，可随服之，取瘥止。日三服，若加饴一升，为正阳旦汤。
小阴旦汤
治天行，身热汗出，头目痛，腹中痛，干呕下利者。
黄芩（三两）芍药（三两）生姜（二两，切）甘草（二两，炙）大枣（十二枚）
上方，以水七升，煮取三升，温服一升，日三服，服汤已，如人行三四里时，令病人啜白浆一器，以助药力，身热之自愈也。
大阳旦汤
治凡病汗出不止，气息惙，身劳力怯，恶风凉，腹中拘急，不欲饮食，皆宜此方，若脉虚大者，为更切证也。
黄芩（五两）人参桂枝生姜（各三两）甘草（炙，三两）芍药（六两）大枣（十二枚）饴（一升）
上七味，以水一斗，煮取四或，去滓，纳饴上火，令烊已，每服一升，日三夜一服。
大阴旦汤
治凡病头目眩晕，咽中干，每喜干呕，食不下，心中烦满，胸胁支痛，往来寒热方：
柴胡（八两）人参黄芩生姜（各三两）甘草（炙，二两）芍药（四两）大枣（十二枚）半夏（一升，洗）
上八味，以水一斗二升，，煮取六升，去滓，重上火，缓缓煎之，取得三升，温服一升，日三服。
小青龙汤
治天行，发热恶寒，汗不出而喘，身疼痛，脉紧者方：
麻黄（三两）杏仁（半升，熬，打）桂枝（三两）甘草（炙，一两半）
上方四味，以水七升，先煮麻黄，减二升，掠去上沫，纳诸药，煮取三或，去滓，温服八合，必令汗出彻身，不然恐邪不尽散也。
大青龙汤
治天行，表不解，心下有水气，干呕，发热而喘咳不已者。
麻黄（去节）细辛芍药甘草（炙）桂枝（各三两）五味子（半升）半夏（半升）干姜（三两）
上方八味，以水一斗，先煮麻黄，减二升，掠去上沫，内诸药，煮取三升，去滓，温服一升。一方无干姜，作七味，当从。
小白虎汤
治天行热痛，大汗出不止，口舌干燥，饮水数升不已，脉洪大者方：
石膏（如鸡子大，绵裹）知母（六两）甘草（炙，二两）粳米（六合）上四味，以水一斗，先熬粳米，熟讫，去米，纳诸药，煮取六升，温服二升，日三服。
大白虎汤
治天行热病，心中烦热，时自汗出，舌干，渴欲饮水，时呷嗽不已，久不解者方：
石膏（如鸡子大一枚，打）麦门冬（半升）甘草（炙，二两）粳米（六合）半夏（半升）生姜（二两，切）竹叶（三大握）
上方七味，以水一斗二升，先煮粳米，米熟讫，去米，纳诸药，煮至六升，去滓，温服二升，日三服。
小朱鸟汤
治天行热病，心气不足，内生烦热，坐卧不安，时下利纯血如鸡鸭肝者方：
鸡子黄二枚）阿胶（三锭）黄连（四两）芍药（各二两）
上五味，以水六升，先煮连、芩、芍三物，取三升，去滓，内胶，列上火，令烊尽，取下，待小冷下鸡子黄，搅令相得，温服七合，日三服。
大朱鸟汤
治天行热病，重下恶毒痢，痢下纯血，日数十行，蠃瘦如柴，心中不安，腹中绞急，痛如刀刺方：
鸡子黄（二枚）阿胶（三锭）黄连（四两）芍药（各二两）人参（二两）干姜（二两）
上药七味，以水一斗，先煮连、芩、姜五物，得四升讫，内醇苦酒二升，再煮至四升讫，去滓，次纳胶于内，更上炎，令烊，取下待小冷，纳鸡子黄，搅令相得即成，每服一升，日三夜一服。
小玄武汤
治天行病，肾气不足，内生虚寒，小便不利，腹中痛，四肢冷者方：
茯苓（三两）芍药（三两）白术（二两）干姜（三两）附了（一枚，炮去皮）
上五味，以水八升，煮取三升，去滓，温服七合，日三服。
大玄武汤
治肾气虚疲，少腹中冷嘲热讽，腰背沉重，四肢清，小便不利，大便鸭溏，日十余行，气惙力弱者方：
茯苓（三两）白术（二两）附子（一枚，炮）芍药（二两）干姜（二两）人参（二两）甘草（二两，炙）
上七味，以水一斗，煮取四升，温服一升，日三夜一他。
弘景曰：阳旦者，升阳之方，以黄芪为主；阴旦者，扶阴之方，以柴胡为主；青龙者，宣发之方，以麻黄为主；白虎者，收重之方，以石膏为主；朱鸟者，表滋之方，以鸡了黄为主；玄武者，温渗之方，以附子为主；此六方者，为六合之正精，升降阴阳，变互金木，即济水火，乃神明之剂也。张机撰《伤寒论》，避道家之称，故其方皆非正名也，但以其药名之，以推主为识耳。
陶经隐居云：中恶卒死者，皆脏气被壅，致令内外隔绝所致也，神仙有开五窍以救卒死中恶之方五者，录如左：
点眼以通肝气：
治跌仆，腰，挫闪，气血着滞、作痛一处，不可欠呻、动转方：
矾石烧赤，取凉冷，研为细粉，每用少许，以酢蘸，点目大眦，痛在左则点右眦，痛在右则点左眦，当大痒，螯泪大出则愈。
吹鼻以通肺气：
治诸凡卒死，息闭不通者，皆可用此法活之。
皂角刮去皮絃，用净肉，火上炙燥，如杏核心大一块，细辛根等分，共为极细末，每用苇管吹鼻中少许，得嚏则活也。
着舌而通心气：
治中恶，急心痛，手足遂冷者，顷刻可杀人，扑克其人唇舌青紫者及指甲青冷者是：
硝石（五钱匕）雄黄（一钱匕）
上二味，共为极细末，启病者舌，着散一匕于舌下，少时即定，若有涎出，令病者随涎咽下必愈。
启喉以通脾气：
治过食难化之物，或异品有毒，宿积不消，毒势攻注，心腹痛如刀搅。
赤小豆瓜蒂（各等分）
共为散，每用咸豉半升，以水二升，煮豉取一升，去滓，纳散一匕，顿服，少项当大吐则瘥。（启喉方：救误食诸毒及生冷硬物，宿积不消，心中痛疼方。赤小豆、瓜蒂各等分，为散讫，加盐豉少许，共捣为丸，以竹箸启病者齿，温水送入口中，得大吐鲁番即愈）
熨耳以通肾气：
治梦魇不寐
烧热汤二升，入戎盐七合，令烊化已，切葱白十五茎纳汤内，视汤再沸，即将葱取出，捣如泥，以麻布包之，熨病者二耳，令葱气入耳，病者即寐也。（灌耳方：救饮水过，小便闭塞，涓滴不通方。烧汤一斗，入戎盐一升，葱白十五茎，莫令葱太热，勺汤，指试不太热，即灌耳中，令病者侧卧，下以一盆着汤，承耳下薰之，少时小便通，愈）
上五方，乃神仙救急之道，若畜病者，可倍用之。
校注：
1、耎(ruan,软)意为祛弱
2、小补心汤第一方即《金匮要略》之桥蒌薤白半夏汤，主证及药味皆符，惟《《金匮要略》用“白酒一斗”，本书用“白浆一斗”，据〈外台秘要〉载此方，白酒即白浆，〈千金要方〉作白浆，实为一物，古又称“酢”，即今之黄酒。
3、大泻脾汤之六味药，甲本为“附子、干姜、黄芩、大黄、枳实、芍药（先抄“甘草”，又涂改为“芍药”）”，乙本为“附子、干姜、黄芩、大黄、枳实、甘草”。按本方通例，凡五脏泻汤大方，皆由六味药组成，其中，有五味药诸方皆同，即姜、芍药、大黄、黄芩、甘草，只有一味药诸方各异，此一味药出自该脏泻汤小方，据此，大泻脾汤应由前列五味药加附子组成，方中不应有“枳实”，枳实是大小泻肝汤的代表药物。
4、甲本、乙本皆作“一分”，按〈本草经集注〉“四分成一两”，据本书通例，用量不当如此之少，疑“分”当为“两”字之误，今改。
5、因“六”字与“二”字草书形近，致甲本、乙本皆讹作“二两”，即云加倍，当以“六两”为正。
Ningqi Bufei Tang (Qi-Calming Lung-Supplementing Decoction)
Indicated for extreme deficiency of Lung Qi, accompanied by irritability, fever, sweating, and dryness/thirst in the mouth and tongue.
Recipe: Ophiopogonis Radix (2 sheng), Schisandrae Fructus (2 sheng), Baijiang (White Grains Juice, 5 sheng), Mustard Seed (Ban sheng), Inulae Flos (1 liang), Zhuye (Bamboo Leaves, 3 ba).
The above six herbs are boiled together with Baijiang. Obtain 3 sheng of decoction. Divide into three doses and consume within one day.
Guyuan Bushen Tang (Yuan-Securing Kidney-Supplementing Decoction)
Indicated for extreme depletion of Kidney Essence, seminal emission, urinary incontinence, lack of Qi and strength, inability to move or turn due to weakness, hemoptysis, and coughing up blood.
Recipe: Rehmanniae Radix (sliced), Trichosanthis Radix (sliced, each 3 liang), Kujiu (Vinegar, 1 sheng), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (roasted), Allii Macrostemi Bulbus (4 liang), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Dried Ginger, 2 liang, sliced).
The above six herbs are boiled with Kujiu and well spring water (5 sheng). Obtain 3 sheng of decoction. Take 1 sheng per dose, consumed within one day.
Tao Hongjing said: The medical classics state: "Toxic drugs attack pathogenic factors; five grains provide nourishment; five fruits assist; five grains sustain; five meats benefit." Thus, large decoctions are established. What is recorded here are all small decoctions. If one wishes to prepare a large decoction, add sheep liver for tonifying the Spleen, chicken heart for tonifying the Heart, beef for tonifying the Spleen, dog meat for tonifying the Lung, and pig kidney for tonifying the Kidney, one set of each, and it becomes complete.
Tao Hongjing said: "According to *Shennong Bencao Jing* and *Tongjun Caipiao Lu*, there are 365 medicinal substances categorized into Superior, Middle, and Inferior grades, corresponding to the degrees of the celestial sphere and the Qi of the four seasons and eight solar terms. Yi Yin, the sage minister of the Shang Dynasty, compiled *Tangye Jingfa* in three volumes, comprising 360 formulas: 120 formulas of Superior grade herbs for consumption and tonification; 120 formulas of Middle grade herbs for treating diseases and expelling pathogens; and 120 formulas of Inferior grade toxic herbs for killing parasites, dispelling evil, and treating carbuncles and sores. Totaling 360 formulas, they are indeed the standard for physicians of ten thousand generations and the great treasure protecting people's lives. Now, I have selected and recorded 60 commonly needed formulas for preventing disasters and diseases in mountainous areas. Examining the essentials of these herbs allows one to align with the principles of classic formulas. The classics state: 'Forms appear in Heaven, shapes form on Earth. Heaven has Five Qi, which generate Five Flavors. The variations of Five Flavors are countless.' Here, I briefly list 25 types to clarify the inter-inclusion of the Five Elements and the utility of Five Flavor transformations, as follows:
Pungent flavors all belong to Wood; Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi) is primary; Sichuan Pepper (Huajiao) corresponds to Fire; Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang) to Earth; Asarum Root (Xixin) to Metal; () () to Water.
Salty flavors all belong to Fire; Inulae Flos is primary; Rheum Palmatum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang) to Wood; Alisma Rhizoma (Zexie) to Earth; Magnolia Bark (Houpo) to Metal; Niter (Xiaoshi) to Water.
Sweet flavors all belong to Earth; Ginseng Radix (Renshen) is primary; Licorice Root (Gancao) to Wood; Jujube Fruit (Dazao) to Fire; Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong) to Metal; Poria (Fuling) to Water.
Sour flavors all belong to Metal; Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi) is primary; Immature Bitter Orange (Zhishi) to Wood; Fermented Soybean (Chishao/Douchi) to Fire; Qu Yao (Qu Yao) to Earth; Dioscorea Rhizome (Shuyu) to Water.
Bitter flavors all belong to Water; Rehmanniae Radix (Dihuang) is primary; Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) to Wood; Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian) to Fire; Atractylodes Rhizome (Baizhu) to Earth; Bamboo Leaf (Zhuye) to Water.
These 25 herbs are the essence of all medicines, mostly used to treat various internal injuries of the Zang-Fu organs. Scholars should deeply comprehend them.
The classics state: "Those that govern tonification and purgation are Sovereign (Jun) herbs; those equal in quantity to the Sovereign but not governing are Ministers (Chen); those following assistants and supervisors are Assistants (Zuo) and Envoys (Shi)."
Tao Hongjing said: This diagram contains the essential wonders of *Tangye Jingfa*. If scholars master this, their medical Dao will be complete.
Hongjing said: "For external contraction of epidemic febrile diseases, classic formulas include Er Dan, Liu Shen, and other large and small decoctions. Zhang Ji of Nanyang previously relied on these formulas to compile *Shanghan Lun*. Its treatments are clear and detailed, and later learners revere it. Living in remote mountains, it is difficult to prevent sudden external contractions; diseases may transmit within days, and life or death often occurs within three to five days. Is this not dangerous? Therefore, I also record them for reference.
Xiao Yangdan Tang (Small Yang-Dan Decoction)
Indicated for epidemic fever, spontaneous sweating with aversion to wind, nasal congestion/murmur, and dry vomiting.
Recipe: Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi, 3 liang), Peony Root (Shaoyao, 3 liang), Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang, 2 liang, sliced), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted, 2 liang), Jujube Fruit (Dazao, 12 pieces).
Boil the above ingredients in 7 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng. Take 1 sheng warm. After ingestion, drink a bowl of hot thin porridge to aid the medicinal power. Induce slight sweating; do not allow profuse sweating, as excessive sweating will fail to eliminate the disease. If no sweat occurs, continue administration until recovery. Administer three times daily. If 1 sheng of Malt Sugar (Yitang) is added, it becomes Zheng Yangdan Tang (True Yang-Dan Decoction).
Xiao Yindan Tang (Small Yin-Dan Decoction)
Indicated for epidemic disease with body heat, sweating, headache and eye pain, abdominal pain, dry vomiting, and diarrhea.
Recipe: Scutellaria Root (Huangqin, 3 liang), Peony Root (Shaoyao, 3 liang), Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang, 2 liang, sliced), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted, 2 liang), Jujube Fruit (Dazao, 12 pieces).
Boil the above ingredients in 7 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng. Take 1 sheng warm, three times daily. After taking the decoction, when the patient has walked for about three to four *li*, have them drink a bowl of Baijiang to aid the medicinal power. Body heat will resolve spontaneously.
Da Yangdan Tang (Large Yang-Dan Decoction)
Indicated for any disease with continuous sweating, weak breath, physical fatigue and weakness, aversion to wind and cold, abdominal tension, anorexia. It is especially suitable if the pulse is deficient and large.
Recipe: Scutellaria Root (Huangqin, 5 liang), Ginseng Root (Renshen), Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi), Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang) (each 3 liang), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted, 3 liang), Peony Root (Shaoyao, 6 liang), Jujube Fruit (Dazao, 12 pieces), Malt Sugar (Yitang, 1 sheng).
Boil the above seven herbs in 1 dou of water to obtain 4 sheng. Strain, add Malt Sugar, and heat until dissolved. Take 1 sheng per dose, three times during the day and once at night.
Da Yindan Tang (Large Yin-Dan Decoction)
Indicated for any disease with dizziness, dry throat, frequent dry vomiting, difficulty eating, mental restlessness/fullness, chest and hypochondriac distending pain, and alternating chills and fever.
Recipe: Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 8 liang), Ginseng Root (Renshen), Scutellaria Root (Huangqin), Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang) (each 3 liang), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted, 2 liang), Peony Root (Shaoyao, 4 liang), Jujube Fruit (Dazao, 12 pieces), Pinellia Tuber (Banxia, 1 sheng, washed).
Boil the above eight herbs in 1.2 dou of water to obtain 6 sheng. Strain, return to fire, and simmer slowly to obtain 3 sheng. Take 1 sheng warm, three times daily.
Xiao Qinglong Tang (Small Azure Dragon Decoction)
Indicated for epidemic disease with fever and aversion to cold, absence of sweat and wheezing, body pain, and tight pulse.
Recipe: Ephedra Stem (Mahuang, 3 liang), Apricot Seed (Xingren, half sheng, roasted and crushed), Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi, 3 liang), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted, 1.5 liang).
Boil the above four herbs in 7 sheng of water. First boil Mahuang, reducing by 2 sheng, skim off the foam, then add the remaining herbs. Boil to obtain 3 sheng. Strain. Take 0.8 sheng warm. Sweating throughout the body must be achieved; otherwise, pathogens may not be fully dispersed.
Da Qinglong Tang (Large Azure Dragon Decoction)
Indicated for epidemic disease where the exterior is unresolved, fluid retention below the heart, dry vomiting, persistent fever with wheezing and coughing.
Recipe: Ephedra Stem (Mahuang, de-segmented), Asarum Root (Xixin), Peony Root (Shaoyao), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted), Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi) (each 3 liang), Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, half sheng), Pinellia Tuber (Banxia, half sheng), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang, 3 liang).
Boil the above eight herbs in 1 dou of water. First boil Mahuang, reducing by 2 sheng, skim off the foam, then add the remaining herbs. Boil to obtain 3 sheng. Strain. Take 1 sheng warm. Another version excludes Dried Ginger, using seven herbs; follow this version.
Xiao Baihu Tang (Small White Tiger Decoction)
Indicated for epidemic heat-pain, continuous profuse sweating, dry mouth and tongue, drinking several sheng of water without relief, and surging-large pulse.
Recipe: Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, size of a chicken egg, wrapped in silk), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 6 liang), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted, 2 liang), Rice (Jingmi, 6 he).
Boil the above four herbs in 1 dou of water. First cook the rice until soft, remove the rice, add the other herbs, and boil to obtain 6 sheng. Take 2 sheng warm, three times daily.
Da Baihu Tang (Large White Tiger Decoction)
Indicated for epidemic heat disease with mental irritability, spontaneous sweating, dry tongue, thirst with desire to drink, intermittent choking cough, and prolonged unresolved condition.
Recipe: Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, one piece size of a chicken egg, crushed), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, half sheng), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted, 2 liang), Rice (Jingmi, 6 he), Pinellia Tuber (Banxia, half sheng), Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang, 2 liang, sliced), Bamboo Leaf (Zhuye, three large handfuls).
Boil the above seven herbs in 1.2 dou of water. First cook the rice until soft, remove the rice, add the other herbs, and boil to 6 sheng. Strain. Take 2 sheng warm, three times daily.
Xiao Zhuniao Tang (Small Vermilion Bird Decoction)
Indicated for epidemic heat disease with Heart Qi deficiency, internal irritability, restlessness sitting and lying down, and bloody diarrhea resembling duck liver.
Recipe: Chicken Egg Yolk (Jizi Huang, two pieces), Donkey-Hide Gelatin (Ejiao, three ingots), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian, 4 liang), Peony Root (Shaoyao, 2 liang each).
Boil the above five herbs in 6 sheng of water. First boil Huanglian, Huangqin, and Shaoyao to obtain 3 sheng. Strain, add Ejiao, heat until dissolved. Remove from fire, let cool slightly, then add Chicken Egg Yolk, stir well. Take 0.7 sheng warm, three times daily.
Da Zhuniao Tang (Large Vermilion Bird Decoction)
Indicated for epidemic heat disease with severe toxic dysentery, pure blood in stool, dozens of episodes per day, emaciation like firewood, mental unrest, abdominal cramping pain like knife stabbing.
Recipe: Chicken Egg Yolk (Jizi Huang, two pieces), Donkey-Hide Gelatin (Ejiao, three ingots), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian, 4 liang), Peony Root (Shaoyao, 2 liang each), Ginseng Root (Renshen, 2 liang), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang, 2 liang).
Boil the above seven herbs in 1 dou of water. First boil Huanglian, Huangqin, and Ganjiang to obtain 4 sheng. Add strong vinegar (Ku Jiu, 2 sheng), boil again to 4 sheng. Strain, add Ejiao, heat until dissolved. Remove, let cool slightly, add Chicken Egg Yolk, stir well. Take 1 sheng per dose, three times during the day and once at night.
Xiao Xuanwu Tang (Small Black Tortoise Decoction)
Indicated for epidemic disease with Kidney Qi deficiency, internal deficiency-cold, difficult urination, abdominal pain, and cold limbs.
Recipe: Poria (Fuling, 3 liang), Peony Root (Shaoyao, 3 liang), Atractylodes Rhizome (Baizhu, 2 liang), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang, 3 liang), Prepared Aconite Root (Fuzi, one piece, processed and peeled).
Boil the above five herbs in 8 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng. Strain. Take 0.7 sheng warm, three times daily.
Da Xuanwu Tang (Large Black Tortoise Decoction)
Indicated for Kidney Qi deficiency and fatigue, cold sensation in the lower abdomen, heavy waist and back, cold limbs, difficult urination, loose stools like duck feces, more than ten times daily, weak breath and strength.
Recipe: Poria (Fuling, 3 liang), Atractylodes Rhizome (Baizhu, 2 liang), Processed Aconite Root (Fuzi, one piece, processed), Peony Root (Shaoyao, 2 liang), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang, 2 liang), Ginseng Root (Renshen, 2 liang), Licorice Root (Gancao, roasted, 2 liang).
Boil the above seven herbs in 1 dou of water to obtain 4 sheng. Take 1 sheng warm, three times during the day and once at night.
Hongjing said: Yangdan is a formula to raise Yang, primarily using Astragalus (Huangqi - *Note: Text says Huangqi, but recipe uses Guizhi/Renshen/etc. Tao's comment might refer to a different context or variation, but strictly translating text*). Yindan is a formula to support Yin, primarily using Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu). Qinglong is a formula to diffuse and release, primarily using Ephedra Stem (Mahuang). Baihu is a formula to consolidate and descend, primarily using Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao). Zhuniao is a formula to nourish yin/fluids, primarily using Chicken Egg Yolk (Jizi Huang). Xuanwu is a formula to warm and drain, primarily using Prepared Aconite Root (Fuzi). These six formulas are the true essences of the Six Harmonies, regulating the ascent and descent of Yin and Yang, transforming Metal and Wood, balancing Water and Fire. They are divine agents. Zhang Ji compiled *Shanghan Lun*, avoiding Daoist names, so his formulas are not named correctly but are identified by their main herbs.
Tao Hongjing said: Sudden death due to Evil Contraction is caused by obstruction of Zang Qi, leading to separation of interior and exterior. Immortals have five methods of opening the five orifices to save such cases, recorded as follows:
Dotting Eyes to open Liver Qi:
For trauma, waist sprain, Qi and Blood stagnation causing localized pain, unbearable groaning, and immobility.
Calcined Alum (Fanshi) heated red, cooled, ground to fine powder. Use a small amount dipped in vinegar to dot the outer canthus of the eye. If pain is on the left, dot the right canthus; if on the right, dot the left. Intense itching and tearing indicate cure.
Blowing Nose to open Lung Qi:
For sudden death with blocked respiration.
Soap Bean Pod (Zaojiao) scraped clean, dried over fire to the size of an apricot kernel, mixed equally with Asarum Root (Xixin), ground to fine powder. Blow a small amount into the nose via a reed tube. Sneezing indicates revival.
Placing on Tongue to open Heart Qi:
For Evil Contraction, acute Heart pain, cold hands and feet, potentially fatal quickly. Signs include cyanosis of lips/tongue and nails.
Niter (Xiaoshi, 5 qianbi), Realgar (Xionghuang, 1 qianbi).
Grind to fine powder. Lift patient's tongue, place one qianbi of powder under the tongue. Calmness ensues shortly. If saliva flows, have patient swallow it for cure.
Opening Throat to open Spleen Qi:
For indigestion, toxic food, retained accumulation, toxic attack causing heart/abdominal pain like twisting knives.
Adzuki Bean (Chixiaodou), Melon Peduncle (Gua Di) (equal parts).
Grind to powder. Take half sheng of Salted Fermented Soybean (Xianchi), boil in 2 sheng water to obtain 1 sheng. Strain, add one qianbi of powder, take at once. Profuse vomiting indicates cure. (*Throat Opening Formula: For accidental poisoning by toxins/cold-hard foods, retained accumulation, heart pain. Adzuki Bean, Gua Di equal parts, powder, add salted soybean, grind into pills. Use bamboo chopsticks to open teeth, administer with warm water. Profuse vomiting indicates cure.*)
Ironing Ears to open Kidney Qi:
For nightmare sleep paralysis.
Heat 2 sheng of water, add 7 he of Barbarian Salt (Rongyan) until dissolved. Add 15 stalks of Green Onion White. When boiling again, remove onions, mash into paste, wrap in hemp cloth, iron both ears of the patient. Onion Qi enters ears, patient sleeps. (*Ear Irrigation Formula: For excessive water intake, urinary retention. Boil 1 dou water, add 1 sheng Rongyan, 15 stalks Green Onion White. Ensure not too hot. Test with finger. Irrigate ear while patient lies on side. Place basin under ear to catch steam/water. Urination resumes, cure.*)
The above five formulas are immortal emergency methods. For domesticated patients, double the dosage.