有虚火腾空，反致生变，何若六味地黄汤直填肾水，使水火之既济也。
此症用养骨汤亦效。
熟地（二两） 甘草（一钱） 金钗石斛 地骨皮 茯苓 牛膝（各三钱） 水煎服。
伤风后下利，咽痛，胸满心烦，人以为伤寒邪入于少阴，乃阴寒上犯于心肺，
而下犯于大肠也。而孰知不然，伤风之后，身凉则邪已尽散，何阴邪之留乎？然则
下利者，乃大肠之阴虚自利，非邪逼迫之也。咽痛者，亦阴虚之故，阴水既干，则
虚火自然上越，咽喉窍细，不能遽泄，乃作痛也。胸满心烦者，肾水不能上济于心
宫，而肾火反致上焚于包络，胸膈在包络之间，安得不满，胸既不舒，而心亦不能
自安，此烦之所以生也。故伤风之后，见此等症，切勿认作阴寒而妄治之也。治法
补水以济心，复补金以生肾，肾水足而肾气生，自然上交心而制火，下通大肠而利
水矣。方用加味地黄汤∶
熟地 茯苓（各五钱） 山茱萸 泽泻 丹皮（各三钱） 山药 麦冬（各五钱）
北五味（一钱） 肉桂（五分） 水煎服。一剂咽痛除，二剂下利止，三剂胸不满，心亦不烦矣。
夫既是肾阴之虚，用地黄汤以滋水，加麦冬、五味以益肾之化源是矣，何加入
肉桂以补命门之火，非仍是治少阴之寒邪乎？不知水非火不生，用肉桂数分，不过
助水之衰，而非祛寒之盛。且大肠自利，得壮火而泻，得少火而止，虽地黄汤内减
熟地之多，增茯苓、泽泻之少，亦足以利水而固肠，然无命门之火以相通，则奏功
不速，故特加肉桂于水中而补火也。
此症用地苓芍桂汤亦效。
熟地（二两） 茯苓（五钱） 白芍（五钱） 肉桂（五分） 水煎服。
春月伤风二、三日，咽中痛甚，人以为少阴之火，寒逼之也，谁知是少阴之寒，
火逼之乎。夫伤寒咽痛，乃下寒实邪，逐其火而上出；伤风咽痛，乃下热虚火，逼
其寒而上行，正不可一见咽痛，即用伤寒药概治之也。盖伤寒之咽痛，必须散邪以
祛火；伤风之咽痛，必须补正以祛寒。方用补喉汤∶
熟地（二两） 山茱萸 茯苓（各一两） 肉桂（一钱） 牛膝（二钱） 水煎服。一剂而喉痛顿除。
熟地、山茱滋阴之圣药，加入肉桂、牛膝则引火归源，自易易矣。况茯苓去湿
以利小便，则水流而火亦下行，何至上逼而成痛哉，所以一剂而奏功也。
此症用救咽丹亦妙。
熟地（二两） 山茱萸（八钱） 山药（一两） 肉桂（一钱） 破故纸（二钱） 胡桃肉（一个）
水煎冷服。
春月伤风，身热下利六、七日，咳而呕，心烦不得眠，人以为邪入少阴而成下
利，以致呕咳、心烦不眠也，谁知春温之病多有如此，症相同而治法宜别。盖伤寒
之治，利其水；而春温之治，不可徒利其水也。夫伤风而至六、七日，邪宜散矣，
乃邪不尽散，又留连而作利，其脾土之衰可知，咳而呕，不特脾衰而胃亦衰矣。土
既衰而肺肾亦衰矣，况肾因下利之多，重伤其阴，力不能上润于心，心无水养，则
心自烦躁，势必气下降而取给于肾，肾水又涸，则心气至肾而返，肾与心不交，安
得而来梦乎。治法健其脾胃，益其心肾，不必又顾其风邪也。方用正治汤∶
人参（二钱） 熟地 白术 炒枣仁（各五钱） 麦冬（三钱） 茯苓（一两） 竹茹（一钱） 水煎服。
此方心、肾、脾、胃、肺五者兼治之药。茯苓为君，能调和于五者之中，又是
利水之味，下利既除，身热自止，而咳喘、心烦不得眠，俱可渐次奏功也。
此症用解烦汤亦效。
人参 巴戟天 麦冬（各五钱） 白术（一两） 炒枣仁（三钱） 菖蒲（五分） 神曲（一钱）
白豆蔻（二粒）水煎服。
春月伤风，手足逆冷，脉紧，心下满而烦，饥不能食，人以为伤寒之症，邪入
厥阴结于胸中也，而孰知不然。夫脉浮为风，脉紧为寒，明是伤寒之症，而必谓春
月得之，是伤风而非伤寒，人谁信之，然而实有不同也。盖风最易入肝，春风尤与
肝木相应，但肝性所喜者温风，而不喜寒风也。春月之风，温风居多，而寒风亦间
有之，倘偶遇寒风，肝气少有不顺，脉亦现紧象矣。第于紧中细观之，必前紧而后
涩，紧者寒之象，涩者逆之象也。寒风入肝，手足必然逆冷，肝气拂抑，而心气亦
何能顺泰乎；心既不舒不能生脾胃之土，肝又不舒必至克脾胃之土矣，所以虽饥不
能食也。夫伤寒之入厥阴，由三阳而至；伤风之入厥阴，乃独从厥阴而自入者也。
是以伤寒之邪入肝深，而伤风之邪入肝浅。入深者恐其再传，入浅者喜其易出。但
解肝中之寒，而木中之风自散，饮食可进，烦满逆冷亦尽除矣。方用加味逍遥散治之。
柴胡（二钱） 白芍（五钱） 当归（三钱） 白术（五分） 甘草（一钱） 茯神（三钱）
陈皮（五分） 肉桂（一钱） 水煎服。一剂诸症俱愈。
逍遥散原是和解肝经之神药，得肉桂则直入肝中，以扫荡其寒风。阳和既回，
而大地皆阳春矣，何郁滞之气上阻心而下克脾胃哉。脾胃有升腾之气，草木更为敷
荣，断不致有遏抑摧残之势矣。倘作伤寒治法，而用瓜蒂吐之，必有脏腑反复之忧也。
此症用卫君汤效亦捷。
人参 巴戟天（各三钱） 茯苓（三钱） 白芍 白术（各五钱） 陈皮（三分） 肉桂 半夏（各一钱） 水煎
服。
春月伤风，忽然发厥，心下悸，人以为伤寒中，有不治厥则水渍入胃之语，得
毋伤风亦可同治乎。不知伤寒之悸，恐其邪之下行而不可止；伤风之悸，又虑其邪
之上冲而不可定。盖寒性属阴，阴则走下；风性属阳，阳则升上，故同一发厥，同
一心悸，治法绝不相同。伤寒宜先治厥而后定其悸；伤风宜先定悸而后治其厥也。
方用定悸汤∶
白芍 当归（各一两） 茯神 生枣仁（各五钱） 半夏 炒栀子（各三钱） 甘草（一钱）
菖蒲 丹砂末（各五分） 水煎调服。一剂悸定，再剂厥亦定也。
此方止定悸而治厥已寓其内。盖病原是心胆之虚，补其肝而胆气旺，补其肝而
心亦旺。又虑补肝以动木中之火，加入栀子以补为泻，而复以泻为补，则肝火亦平，
而厥亦自定。总之伤寒为外感，伤风为内伤，断不可以治外感者移之以治内伤也。
此症用奠安汤亦效。
人参 茯苓（各三钱） 甘草 半夏（各一钱） 远志 柏子仁（各二钱） 山药 黄
麦冬（各五钱） 水煎服。
春温之症，满身疼痛，夜间发热，日间则凉，人以为伤寒少阳之症也，谁知是
肾肝之阴气大虚，气行阳分则病轻，气行阴分则病重乎。夫阴阳两相根也，阴病则
阳亦病矣，何以春温之症，阴虚而阳独不虚耶？不知肝肾之中，原有阳气，阴虚者，
阳中之阴虚也。故阳能摄阴，而阴不能摄阳，所以日热而夜凉耳。治法补其肝肾之
阴，则阴与阳平，内外两旺，而后佐之以攻风邪，则风邪自出矣。方用补夜丹∶
熟地（一两） 白芍（五钱） 鳖甲 当归 生何首乌 丹皮 地骨皮（各三钱） 茯苓 麦冬
（各五钱） 贝母（三钱） 柴胡（一钱） 水煎服。
此方乃补阴之神剂，亦转阳之圣丹，用攻于补之中，亦寓抚于剿之内也。譬如
黄昏之际，强贼突入人家，执其主妇，火烧刀逼，苟或室中空虚，无可跪献，则贼
心失望，愈动其怒，势必 楚更加，焚炙愈甚。今用补阴之药，犹如将金银珠玉
乱投房中，贼见之大喜，必弃主妇而取资财；佐之以攻邪之药，又如男妇仆从扬声
门外，则贼自惊惶，况家人庄客，尽皆精健绝伦，贼自势单，各思饱扬而去，安肯
出死力以相斗乎，自然不战而亟走也。
此症用补阴散邪汤亦妙。
熟地（一两） 何首乌 当归（各五钱） 地骨皮 丹皮（各三钱） 天花粉 神曲（各二钱）
人参 柴胡（各一钱） 砂仁（一粒） 水煎服。
春温之症，日间发热，口干舌燥，至夜身凉，神思安闲，似疟非疟，人以为伤
寒症中如疟之病也，谁知是伤风而邪留于阳分乎。夫邪之所凑，其气必虚。所谓气
者，正阴阳之气也。风邪即阳邪也，阳邪乘阳气之虚，尤为易入，以阳气之不能敌
耳。治法于补阳之中，而用攻邪之药，则阳气有余，邪自退舍矣。方用助气走邪散∶
柴胡（二钱） 当归（三钱） 黄 （五钱） 人参（一钱） 枳壳（五分） 天花粉（三钱）
白术（五钱） 浓朴（一钱） 黄芩（一钱） 麦冬（五钱） 山楂（十粒） 水煎服。连服二剂即愈。
此方乃补正以祛邪也。譬如青天白昼，贼进庄房，明欺主人之懦耳。倘主人退
缩，则贼之气更张；主人潜遁，则贼之胆愈炽，必至罄劫而去。今用参、 、归、
术以补阳气，则主人气旺，执刀而呼，持戟而斗，号召家人，奋勇格斗，许有重赏
酬劳，自然舍命相拒，即邻佑闻之，谁不执耒以张扬，负锄而战击，贼且逃遁无踪，
去之惟恐不速矣。
此症用破疟散亦效。
白术 黄 （各五钱） 半夏 防风 羌活 陈皮 甘草（各一钱） 水煎服。
人有春月感冒风寒，咳嗽面白，鼻流清涕，人以为外邪之盛，而肺受之，谁知
是脾肺气虚，而外邪乘之乎。夫肺主皮毛，邪从皮毛而入，必先伤肺，然而肺不自
伤，邪实无隙可乘，又将安入？是邪之入肺乃肺自召之，非外邪之敢于入肺也。然
则祛邪可不亟补其肺乎！惟是补肺必须补气，气旺则肺旺，而邪自衰。然而但补其
气，不用升提之药，则气陷而不能举，何以祛邪以益耗散之肺金哉。故补气以祛邪，
不若提气以祛邪之更胜也。方用补中益气汤加味治之。
人参（二钱） 黄 （三钱） 当归（三钱） 陈皮（七分） 甘草（五分） 柴胡（一钱）
升麻（四分） 白术（三钱） 麦冬（三钱） 黄芩（八分） 天花粉（一钱） 水煎服。一剂邪散，
二剂咳嗽流涕之病全愈也。
补中益气汤治内伤之神剂。春月伤风，亦内伤之类也。用参、 、归、术以补
气，用升麻、柴胡以提气，且二味升中带散，内伤而兼外感者，尤为相宜。故服之
而气自旺，外邪不攻自散也。
此症用益气祛寒饮亦效。
人参 柴胡 桔梗 半夏（各一钱） 黄 茯苓（各三钱） 当归（二钱） 苏叶（五分） 甘草（五分）
水煎服。
人有春日感冒风寒，身热发谵，人以为阳明之内热也，谁知是肺热之逼肺乎。
春日风邪中人，原不走太阳膀胱之经，每每直入皮毛而走肺，肺得风邪则肺气大伤，
寒必变热，与伤寒之邪，由卫入营而寒变热者无异，其实经络实有不同。若以冬寒
治法治春温，反致伤命为可惜也。苟知春温与冬寒不同，虽见发热谵语，但治肺而
不治胃，则胃气无伤，而肺邪易散。方用宜春汤∶
枳壳（五分） 桔梗（三钱） 甘草（一钱） 麦冬（五钱） 天花粉（二钱） 黄芩（二钱）
紫菀（一钱） 陈皮（五分） 竹茹（一钱） 玄参（三钱） 水煎服。一剂而寒热解，再剂而谵
语亦失。
此方散肺经之邪火，又不犯阳明之胃气，肺气安而胃火亦静矣，此所以治肺而
不必治胃耳。
此症用润肺饮亦效。
麦冬 玄参（各五钱） 甘草 半夏（各一钱） 桔梗（二钱） 竹叶（五十片） 水煎服。
春温之症，头痛身热，口渴呼饮，四肢发斑，似狂非狂，似躁非躁，沿门阖室，
彼此传染，人以为伤寒之疫症也，谁知是伤风之时症乎。夫司天之气，原不必尽拘
一时，天气不正，感风冒寒，便变为热。肺气不宣，胃气不升，火郁于皮毛腠理之
中，流于头而作痛，走于肤而成斑。倘以治伤寒之法治之，必至变生不测，以所感
之邪，实春温之气，而非冬寒传经之邪也。夫传经之邪，最为无定；春温之邪，最
有定者也。何以有定者反至变迁不常？正以时气乱之也。时气之来无方，与疫气正
复相同，但疫气热中带杀，而时气则热中存生。虽时气之病亦多死亡，然皆治之不
得其法，乃医杀之，非时气杀之也。惟是沿门阖宅，各相传染者何故？以时气与疫
气同是不正之气也，故闻其邪气而即病耳。虽然世人有闻邪气而不病者何？以脏腑
坚固，邪不能入也。春温之传染，亦脏腑空虚之故耳。治法补其脏腑，而少佐以解
火祛邪之药，则正气生而邪气自退矣。方用远邪汤∶
人参（一钱） 苍术（三钱） 茯苓（三钱） 柴胡（一钱） 苏叶（五分） 生甘草（一钱）
玄参（一两） 荆芥（三钱） 黄芩（一钱） 白菊（五钱） 天花粉（二钱） 水煎服。一剂头
痛止，二剂身热解，三剂斑散，狂躁皆安，四剂全愈。
此方却邪而不伤正气，治不正之时症最效，不止治春温之时病也。
此症用正气汤亦佳。
玄参（一两） 麦冬（五钱） 荆芥（三钱） 升麻（八分） 甘草 黄芩（各一钱） 天花粉（三钱）
蔓荆子（五分） 水煎服。
When deficient fire floats upward, it may instead lead to pathological changes. It is better to use Liuwei Dihuang Tang (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Decoction) to directly tonify Kidney water, thereby achieving the mutual interaction of Water and Fire (Heart-Kidney intersection).
This condition can also be effectively treated with Yanggu Tang (Bone-Nourishing Decoction).
Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shu Di Huang) [Rehmanniae Radix Preparata] (2 liang), Licorice Root (Gan Cao) [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma] (1 qian), Dendrobium Nobile Stem (Jinchai Shihu) [Dendrobii Noduli Caulis], Cortex Lycii (Digupi) [Lycii Cortex], Poria (Fuling) [Poria], Achyranthes Root (Niuxi) [Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix] (3 qian each). Decoct in water and take orally.
After a wind-cold injury, diarrhea occurs accompanied by sore throat, chest fullness, and irritability. People assume this is because pathogenic factors from cold damage have entered the Shaoyin meridian, causing Yin-cold to invade the Heart and Lungs above and the Large Intestine below. However, who would know that this is not the case? After a wind-cold injury, when the body temperature returns to normal, the pathogens have already dispersed completely; how could Yin-pathogens remain? Therefore, the diarrhea is due to deficiency of Yin in the Large Intestine leading to spontaneous discharge, not forced by pathogens. The sore throat is also caused by Yin deficiency; once Yin fluids are dried up, deficient fire naturally floats upward. Since the orifice of the throat is narrow, it cannot rapidly dissipate the heat, resulting in pain. Chest fullness and irritability occur because Kidney water fails to ascend to nourish the Heart Palace, while Kidney fire instead burns upward into the Pericardium. The chest diaphragm lies between the Pericardium; how can there be no feeling of fullness? Since the chest is uncomfortable, the Heart cannot feel at ease, which generates irritability. Thus, after a wind-cold injury, if such symptoms appear, one must never mistake them for Yin-cold and treat recklessly. The treatment method is to tonify water to assist the Heart, and then tonify Metal (Lung) to generate Kidney water. When Kidney water is sufficient and Kidney Qi arises, it naturally ascends to interact with the Heart and control fire, and descends to connect with the Large Intestine to promote urination. Use Jiawei Dihuang Tang (Modified Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Decoction):
Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shu Di Huang) [Rehmanniae Radix Preparata], Poria (Fuling) [Poria] (5 qian each), Cornus Fruit (Shanzhuyu) [Corni Fructus], Alisma Rhizome (Zexie) [Alismatis Rhizoma], Moutan Bark (Danpi) [Moutan Cortex] (3 qian each), Chinese Yam (Shanyao) [Dioscoreae Rhizoma], Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong) [Ophiopogonis Tuber], Schisandra Berry (Beiwuweizi) [Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus] (1 qian), Cinnamon Twig (Rougui) [Cinnamomi Ramulus] (0.5 qian). Decoct in water and take orally. After one dose, the sore throat disappears; after two doses, diarrhea stops; after three doses, chest fullness resolves and the heart feels calm.
Since this is a deficiency of Kidney Yin, using Dihuang Tang to nourish water and adding Ophiopogon and Schisandra to benefit the source of Kidney transformation is correct. Why add Cinnamon Twig to tonify the Fire of the Gate of Vitality (Mingmen)? Does this not still constitute treating Shaoyin cold pathogens? One must understand that water does not generate without fire. Using a small amount of Cinnamon Twig merely assists the decline of water rather than dispelling abundant cold. Furthermore, spontaneous diarrhea of the Large Intestine ceases with mild fire (Shao Huo) but worsens with strong fire (Zhuang Huo). Although Dihuang Tang reduces the amount of Prepared Rehmannia and slightly increases Poria and Alisma, which is sufficient to promote urination and secure the intestines, without the connection of the Gate of Vitality's fire, the therapeutic effect will not be rapid. Therefore, Cinnamon Twig is specifically added to the water-tonifying formula to supplement fire.
This condition can also be effectively treated with Dilingshao Gui Tang (Poria, Peony, and Cinnamon Decoction).
Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shu Di Huang) [Rehmanniae Radix Preparata] (2 liang), Poria (Fuling) [Poria] (5 qian), White Peony Root (Baishao) [Paeoniae Radix Alba], Cinnamon Twig (Rougui) [Cinnamomi Ramulus] (0.5 qian). Decoct in water and take orally.
In spring, two or three days after a wind-cold injury, severe sore throat occurs. People assume it is the fire of Shaoyin being forced by cold; who knows that it is actually the cold of Shaoyin being forced by fire? Sore throat caused by cold damage involves lower cold-excess pathogens driving fire upward; sore throat caused by wind-cold injury involves lower heat-deficient fire forcing cold upward. One must absolutely not see a sore throat and indiscriminately use formulas for cold damage. Generally, sore throat from cold damage requires dispersing pathogens to remove fire; sore throat from wind-cold injury requires tonifying righteousness (Zheng Qi) to remove cold. Use Hou Bu Tang (Throat-Nourishing Decoction):
Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shu Di Huang) [Rehmanniae Radix Preparata] (2 liang), Cornus Fruit (Shanzhuyu) [Corni Fructus], Poria (Fuling) [Poria] (1 liang each), Cinnamon Twig (Rougui) [Cinnamomi Ramulus] (1 qian), Achyranthes Root (Niuxi) [Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix] (2 qian). Decoct in water and take orally. After one dose, throat pain is instantly relieved.
Prepared Rehmannia and Cornus are sacred medicines for nourishing Yin. Adding Cinnamon Twig and Achyranthes guides fire back to its source, making recovery easy. Moreover, Poria removes dampness to promote urination; as water flows, fire descends, so how could it force upward to cause pain? Hence, efficacy is achieved in one dose.
This condition can also be wonderfully treated with Jiu Yan Dan (Throat-Saving Pill).
Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shu Di Huang) [Rehmanniae Radix Preparata] (2 liang), Cornus Fruit (Shanzhuyu) [Corni Fructus] (8 qian), Chinese Yam (Shanyao) [Dioscoreae Rhizoma] (1 liang), Cinnamon Twig (Rougui) [Cinnamomi Ramulus] (1 qian), Psoralea Fruit (Poguzhi) [Psoraleae Fructus] (2 qian), Walnut Meat (Hetaorou) [Juglandis Semen] (one piece). Decoct in water, cool, and take orally.
In spring, after a wind-cold injury, fever and diarrhea persist for six or seven days, accompanied by cough, vomiting, irritability, and insomnia. People assume pathogens have entered Shaoyin causing diarrhea, leading to vomiting, cough, and irritability/insomnia. Who knows that Spring-Warmth diseases often present this way? Although symptoms are similar, treatments should differ. The treatment for cold damage involves promoting urination; the treatment for Spring-Warmth cannot rely solely on promoting urination. By six or seven days post-wind-cold injury, pathogens should have dispersed. If they linger and cause diarrhea, it indicates Spleen Earth decline. Cough and vomiting indicate both Spleen and Stomach decline. With Earth declining, Lung and Kidney also decline. Moreover, excessive diarrhea severely damages Kidney Yin, leaving insufficient strength to moisten the Heart. Without water nourishment, the Heart becomes irritable. Qi inevitably descends to seek support from the Kidney; if Kidney water is exhausted, Heart Qi returns upon reaching the Kidney. With Kidney and Heart failing to interact, dreaming becomes impossible. The treatment method is to strengthen the Spleen and Stomach, benefit the Heart and Kidney, without needing to address the wind pathogen. Use Zhengzhi Tang (Correct Treatment Decoction):
Ginseng Root (Renshen) [Panacis Ginseng Radix] (2 qian), Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shu Di Huang) [Rehmanniae Radix Preparata], Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) [Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma], Stir-fried Ziziphus Seed (Chao Zaoren) [Ziziphi Spinosae Semen] (5 qian each), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong) [Ophiopogonis Tuber] (3 qian), Poria (Fuling) [Poria] (1 liang), Bamboo Shavings (Zhuru) [Bambusae Caulis in Taenia] (1 qian). Decoct in water and take orally.
This formula treats the Heart, Kidney, Spleen, Stomach, and Lung simultaneously. Poria acts as the sovereign herb, harmonizing the five organs, and promotes urination. Once diarrhea ceases, fever subsides, and cough, irritability, and insomnia gradually resolve.
This condition can also be effectively treated with Jie Fan Tang (Relieving Irritability Decoction).
Ginseng Root (Renshen) [Panacis Ginseng Radix], Morinda Officinalis Root (Bajitian) [Morindae Officinalis Radix], Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong) [Ophiopogonis Tuber] (5 qian each), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) [Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma] (1 liang), Stir-fried Ziziphus Seed (Chao Zaoren) [Ziziphi Spinosae Semen] (3 qian), Acorus Tuber (Changpu) [Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma] (0.5 fen), Medicated Leaven (Shenqu) [Massa Medicata Fermentata] (1 qian), White Cardamom Seed (Baidoukou) [Amomi Fructus] (two grains). Decoct in water and take orally.
In spring, after a wind-cold injury, extremities are cold, pulse is tight, subcostal region is full and irritable, hunger exists but eating is impossible. People assume this is a cold damage symptom where pathogens enter Jueyin and knot in the chest. However, who knows this is not the case? Floating pulse indicates wind, tight pulse indicates cold; clearly, these are cold damage symptoms. Yet, insisting it is contracted in spring makes it wind-cold rather than cold damage—who would believe this? However, there is indeed a difference. Wind easily enters the Liver; spring wind corresponds particularly to Liver Wood. The Liver prefers warm wind and dislikes cold wind. Spring winds are mostly warm, but occasionally cold. If cold wind is encountered, Liver Qi may become slightly stagnant, and the pulse may show tightness. Observing closely within the tightness, it is likely tight initially and choppy later. Tightness is the image of cold; choppy is the image of stagnation/reversal. Cold wind entering the Liver causes cold extremities. Liver Qi depression affects Heart Qi, preventing it from being smooth and peaceful. If the Heart is uncomfortable, it cannot generate Spleen-Stomach Earth; if the Liver is uncomfortable, it overacts on Spleen-Stomach Earth. Hence, despite hunger, one cannot eat. Pathogens entering Jueyin from cold damage travel through the Three Yang meridians; pathogens entering Jueyin from wind-cold injury enter directly from Jueyin itself. Thus, cold damage pathogens penetrate deeply into the Liver, while wind-cold pathogens penetrate shallowly. Deep penetration fears transmission; shallow penetration favors expulsion. By dispelling cold in the Liver, wind in Wood disperses naturally, food intake resumes, and irritability, fullness, and cold extremities disappear. Use Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder):
Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) [Bupleuri Radix] (2 qian), White Peony Root (Baishao) [Paeoniae Radix Alba] (5 qian), Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui) [Angelicae Sinensis Radix] (3 qian), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) [Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma] (0.5 fen), Licorice Root (Gancao) [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma] (1 qian), Poria with Hostwood (Fushen) [Poria cum Mycelium] (3 qian), Tangerine Peel (Chenpi) [Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium] (0.5 fen), Cinnamon Twig (Rougui) [Cinnamomi Ramulus] (1 qian). Decoct in water and take orally. After one dose, all symptoms resolve.
Xiaoyao San is originally a divine medicine for harmonizing the Liver Meridian. With Cinnamon Twig, it enters the Liver directly to sweep away cold wind. Once yang warmth returns, the earth becomes like spring; what stagnant qi would obstruct the Heart above and oppress the Spleen-Stomach below? With ascending qi in the Spleen-Stomach, vegetation flourishes, avoiding suppression. If treated as cold damage using melon stalk emetics, there would be worry about repeated organ dysfunction.
This condition can also be effectively and quickly treated with Weijun Tang (Guarding Lord Decoction).
Ginseng Root (Renshen) [Panacis Ginseng Radix], Morinda Officinalis Root (Bajitian) [Morindae Officinalis Radix] (3 qian each), Poria (Fuling) [Poria] (3 qian), White Peony Root (Baishao) [Paeoniae Radix Alba], Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) [Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma] (5 qian each), Tangerine Peel (Chenpi) [Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium] (0.3 fen), Cinnamon Twig (Rougui) [Cinnamomi Ramulus], Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) [Pinelliae Rhizoma] (1 qian each). Decoct in water and take orally.
In spring, after a wind-cold injury, sudden fainting occurs with palpitations. People recall that in cold damage, untreated fainting leads to water flooding the Stomach, and wonder if wind-cold can be treated similarly. One must know: palpitations in cold damage fear downward pathogen movement; palpitations in wind-cold fear upward pathogen surge. Cold nature is Yin, moving downward; wind nature is Yang, rising upward. Thus, although both involve fainting and palpitations, treatments are entirely different. For cold damage, treat fainting first, then stabilize palpitations; for wind-cold, stabilize palpitations first, then treat fainting. Use Dingji Tang (Stabilizing Palpitations Decoction):
White Peony Root (Baishao) [Paeoniae Radix Alba], Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui) [Angelicae Sinensis Radix] (1 liang each), Poria with Hostwood (Fushen) [Poria cum Mycelium], Raw Ziziphus Seed (Sheng Zaoren) [Ziziphi Spinosae Semen] (5 qian each), Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) [Pinelliae Rhizoma], Stir-fried Gardenia Fruit (Chao Zhizi) [Gardeniae Fructus] (3 qian each), Licorice Root (Gancao) [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma] (1 qian), Acorus Tuber (Changpu) [Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma], Cinnabar Powder (Dansha Mo) [Cinnabaris] (0.5 fen each). Decoct in water and mix with powder for oral administration. After one dose, palpitations stabilize; after two doses, fainting stabilizes.
This formula only stabilizes palpitations, but treating fainting is implied. The root cause is Heart-Gallbladder deficiency. Tonifying the Liver strengthens Gallbladder Qi; tonifying the Liver strengthens Heart Qi. Fearing that tonifying the Liver might stir Liver Fire, Gardenia is added to transform tonification into purgation, and purgation into tonification, calming Liver Fire and resolving fainting. In summary, cold damage is external contraction; wind-cold injury is internal injury. Methods for external contraction must not be applied to internal injury.
This condition can also be effectively treated with Dian'an Tang (Settling Peace Decoction).
Ginseng Root (Renshen) [Panacis Ginseng Radix], Poria (Fuling) [Poria] (3 qian each), Licorice Root (Gancao) [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma], Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) [Pinelliae Rhizoma] (1 qian each), Polygala Root (Yuanzhi) [Polygalae Radix], Biota Seed (Baiziren) [Biotae Semen] (2 qian each), Chinese Yam (Shanyao) [Dioscoreae Rhizoma], Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) [Scutellariae Radix], Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong) [Ophiopogonis Tuber] (5 qian each). Decoct in water and take orally.
Spring-Warmth disease presents with whole-body pain, fever at night, and coolness during the day. People assume this is a Shaoyang symptom of cold damage. Who knows this is due to severe deficiency of Yin Qi in the Liver and Kidneys? When Qi moves in the Yang aspect, illness is mild; when Qi moves in the Yin aspect, illness is severe. Yin and Yang are mutually rooted; Yin pathology affects Yang. Why is Yang not deficient in Spring-Warmth despite Yin deficiency? Because there is original Yang Qi in the Liver and Kidneys; Yin deficiency here refers to Yin deficiency within Yang. Thus, Yang can contain Yin, but Yin cannot contain Yang, resulting in daytime heat and nighttime coolness. The treatment is to tonify Liver-Kidney Yin so Yin and Yang balance, flourishing internally and externally, then assist with expelling wind pathogens to naturally eliminate them. Use Buye Dan (Night-Tonifying Pill):
Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shu Di Huang) [Rehmanniae Radix Preparata] (1 liang), White Peony Root (Baishao) [Paeoniae Radix Alba] (5 qian), Turtle Shell (Biejia) [Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum], Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui) [Angelicae Sinensis Radix], Raw Polygonum Multiflorum Root (Sheng Heshouwu) [Polygoni Multiflori Radix], Moutan Bark (Danpi) [Moutan Cortex], Cortex Lycii (Digupi) [Lycii Cortex] (3 qian each), Poria (Fuling) [Poria], Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong) [Ophiopogonis Tuber] (5 qian each), Fritillaria Bulb (Beimu) [Fritillariae Bulbus] (3 qian), Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) [Bupleuri Radix] (1 qian). Decoct in water and take orally.
This formula is a divine agent for tonifying Yin and a sacred pill for transforming Yang. It employs attack within tonification and pacification within suppression. Like a robber breaking in at dusk, seizing the mistress, threatening with fire and knives: if the room is empty, the robber grows angrier; now, throwing gold and jade into the room delights the robber, who abandons the mistress for wealth. Assisting with expelling herbs is like servants shouting outside, startling the robber. With robust family members ready to fight, the robber, outnumbered, flees without battle.
This condition can also be wonderfully treated with Buyin Sanxie Tang (Tonifying Yin and Expelling Pathogens Decoction).
Prepared Rehmannia Root (Shu Di Huang) [Rehmanniae Radix Preparata] (1 liang), Polygonum Multiflorum Root (Heshouwu) [Polygoni Multiflori Radix], Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui) [Angelicae Sinensis Radix] (5 qian each), Cortex Lycii (Digupi) [Lycii Cortex], Moutan Bark (Danpi) [Moutan Cortex] (3 qian each), Trichosanthes Root (Tianhuafen) [Trichosanthis Radix], Medicated Leaven (Shenqu) [Massa Medicata Fermentata] (2 qian each), Ginseng Root (Renshen) [Panacis Ginseng Radix], Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) [Bupleuri Radix] (1 qian each), Amomum Fruit (Sharen) [Amomi Fructus] (one grain). Decoct in water and take orally.
Spring-Warmth disease presents with daytime fever, dry mouth and tongue, nighttime coolness, and mental tranquility, resembling malaria but not quite. People assume this is a malaria-like condition in cold damage. Who knows this is wind-cold with pathogens remaining in the Yang aspect? Where pathogens gather, Qi is deficient. This Qi refers to Yin-Yang Qi. Wind pathogen is Yang pathogen; Yang pathogen easily enters when Yang Qi is deficient because Yang Qi cannot resist. The treatment is to use expelling herbs within tonifying Yang, so Yang Qi becomes sufficient and pathogens retreat. Use Zhuqi Zouxie San (Qi-Assisting and Pathogen-Expelling Powder):
Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) [Bupleuri Radix] (2 qian), Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui) [Angelicae Sinensis Radix] (3 qian), Astragalus Root (Huangqi) [Astragali Radix] (5 qian), Ginseng Root (Renshen) [Panacis Ginseng Radix] (1 qian), Bitter Orange (Zhike) [Citri Aurantii Fructus] (0.5 fen), Trichosanthes Root (Tianhuafen) [Trichosanthis Radix] (3 qian), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) [Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma] (5 qian), Magnolia Bark (Noupo) [Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex] (1 qian), Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) [Scutellariae Radix] (1 qian), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong) [Ophiopogonis Tuber] (5 qian), Hawthorn Fruit (Shanzha) [Crataegi Fructus] (10 grains). Decoct in water and take orally. Two doses cure.
This formula tonifies righteousness to expel pathogens. Like a robber entering a house in broad daylight, bullying the weak master. If the master retreats, the robber's audacity grows; if the master hides, the robber's courage inflates, leading to total plunder. Now, using Ginseng, Astragalus, Angelica, and Atractylodes to tonify Yang Qi makes the master vigorous, calling out with swords and halberds, rallying family for fierce combat with promises of reward. Neighbors join in, and the robber flees without a trace.
This condition can also be effectively treated with Po Nue San (Breaking Malaria Powder).
Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) [Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma], Astragalus Root (Huangqi) [Astragali Radix] (5 qian each), Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) [Pinelliae Rhizoma], Saposhnikovia Root (Fangfeng) [Saposhnikoviae Radix], Notopterygium Rhizome (Qianghuo) [Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix], Tangerine Peel (Chenpi) [Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium], Licorice Root (Gancao) [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma] (1 qian each). Decoct in water and take orally.
Someone contracts wind-cold in spring, presenting with cough, pale face, and clear nasal discharge. People assume excess external pathogens invade the Lung. Who knows this is Spleen-Lung Qi deficiency allowing external pathogens to exploit? The Lung governs skin and hair; pathogens enter via skin/hair and first injure the Lung. However, the Lung does not injure itself; if pathogens find no gap, how do they enter? Pathogens entering the Lung are invited by the Lung itself, not daring to enter forcefully. Should we not urgently tonify the Lung to expel pathogens! Tonifying the Lung requires tonifying Qi; abundant Qi strengthens the Lung, weakening pathogens. But merely tonifying Qi without lifting herbs causes Qi sinking, unable to raise and expel pathogens to benefit depleted Lung Metal. Thus, lifting Qi to expel pathogens is superior to merely tonifying Qi. Use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Center-Benefiting Qi-Boosting Decoction) with modifications:
Ginseng Root (Renshen) [Panacis Ginseng Radix] (2 qian), Astragalus Root (Huangqi) [Astragali Radix] (3 qian), Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui) [Angelicae Sinensis Radix] (3 qian), Tangerine Peel (Chenpi) [Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium] (0.7 fen), Licorice Root (Gancao) [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma] (0.5 fen), Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) [Bupleuri Radix] (1 qian), Cimicifuga Rhizome (Shengma) [Cimicifugae Rhizoma] (0.4 fen), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu) [Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma] (3 qian), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong) [Ophiopogonis Tuber] (3 qian), Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) [Scutellariae Radix] (0.8 fen), Trichosanthes Root (Tianhuafen) [Trichosanthis Radix] (1 qian). Decoct in water and take orally. One dose disperses pathogens; two doses cure cough and runny nose.
Buzhong Yiqi Tang is a divine formula for internal injury. Spring wind-cold injury is also a type of internal injury. Using Ginseng, Astragalus, Angelica, and Atractylodes tonifies Qi; using Cimicifuga and Bupleurum lifts Qi. These two lift and disperse, suitable for internal injury with external contraction. Thus, Qi becomes abundant, and external pathogens disperse spontaneously.
This condition can also be effectively treated with Yiqi Quhan Yin (Qi-Boosting and Cold-Expelling Decoction).
Ginseng Root (Renshen) [Panacis Ginseng Radix], Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) [Bupleuri Radix], Platycodon Root (Jiegeng) [Platycodi Radix], Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) [Pinelliae Rhizoma] (1 qian each), Astragalus Root (Huangqi) [Astragali Radix], Poria (Fuling) [Poria] (3 qian each), Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui) [Angelicae Sinensis Radix] (2 qian), Perilla Leaf (Suye) [Perillae Folium] (0.5 fen), Licorice Root (Gancao) [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma] (0.5 fen). Decoct in water and take orally.
Someone contracts wind-cold in spring, presenting with fever and delirium. People assume this is Yangming internal heat. Who knows this is Lung heat forcing the Lung? Spring wind pathogens do not typically travel the Taiyang Bladder meridian but enter skin/hair directly affecting the Lung. Lung receiving wind pathogens severely injures Lung Qi; cold transforms into heat, similar to cold damage pathogens moving from Wei to Ying and transforming from cold to heat, though meridians differ. Treating Spring-Warmth with winter-cold methods risks life. Knowing Spring-Warmth differs from winter-cold, even with fever and delirium, treat only the Lung, not the Stomach, preserving Stomach Qi and dispersing Lung pathogens. Use Yichun Tang (Suitable-for-Spring Decoction):
Bitter Orange (Zhike) [Citri Aurantii Fructus] (0.5 fen), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng) [Platycodi Radix] (3 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao) [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma] (1 qian), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong) [Ophiopogonis Tuber] (5 qian), Trichosanthes Root (Tianhuafen) [Trichosanthis Radix] (2 qian), Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) [Scutellariae Radix] (2 qian), Aster Root (Ziwan) [Asteris Radix] (1 qian), Tangerine Peel (Chenpi) [Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium] (0.5 fen), Bamboo Shavings (Zhuru) [Bambusae Caulis in Taenia] (1 qian), Scrophularia Root (Xuanshen) [Scrophulariae Radix] (3 qian). Decoct in water and take orally. One dose resolves chills/fever; two doses stop delirium.
This formula disperses Lung meridian fire without offending Yangming Stomach Qi. Calming Lung Qi quiets Stomach fire, hence treating Lung suffices without treating Stomach.
This condition can also be effectively treated with Runfei Yin (Lung-Moistening Decoction).
Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong) [Ophiopogonis Tuber], Scrophularia Root (Xuanshen) [Scrophulariae Radix] (5 qian each), Licorice Root (Gancao) [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma], Pinellia Tuber (Banxia) [Pinelliae Rhizoma] (1 qian each), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng) [Platycodi Radix] (2 qian), Bamboo Leaves (Zhuye) [Bambusae Folium] (50 leaves). Decoct in water and take orally.
Spring-Warmth disease presents with headache, fever, thirst, spots on limbs, pseudo-manic behavior, pseudo-restlessness, spreading through households. People assume this is an epidemic plague of cold damage. Who knows this is a seasonal wind-cold condition? Heavenly Qi is not bound to specific times; improper weather, contracting wind/cold transforms to heat. Lung Qi fails to diffuse, Stomach Qi fails to ascend; fire stagnates in skin/collaterals, flowing to head causing pain, moving to skin causing spots. Treating with cold damage methods risks unpredictable changes. The contracted pathogen is Spring-Warmth Qi, not winter-cold transmitted pathogens. Transmitted pathogens are unpredictable; Spring-Warmth pathogens are predictable. Why do predictable ones change constantly? Due to seasonal Qi disturbance. Seasonal Qi comes unpredictably, similar to epidemic Qi, but epidemic Qi carries killing heat, while seasonal Qi preserves life heat. Though seasonal diseases cause death, it is due to incorrect treatment (doctor-killed), not the Qi itself. Why does it spread household to household? Because seasonal and epidemic Qi are both improper Qi; hearing the pathogen causes illness. Why do some hear pathogen Qi and not get sick? Because their Zang-Fu are solid, blocking pathogens. Spring-Warmth contagion is due to empty Zang-Fu. Treatment: tonify Zang-Fu, assist with clearing fire/expelling pathogens, so righteous Qi generates and pathogens retreat. Use Yuanxie Tang (Pathogen-Avoiding Decoction):
Ginseng Root (Renshen) [Panacis Ginseng Radix] (1 qian), Atractylodes Lancea Rhizome (Cangzhu) [Atractylodis Rhizoma] (3 qian), Poria (Fuling) [Poria] (3 qian), Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) [Bupleuri Radix] (1 qian), Perilla Leaf (Suye) [Perillae Folium] (0.5 fen), Raw Licorice Root (Sheng Gancao) [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma] (1 qian), Scrophularia Root (Xuanshen) [Scrophulariae Radix] (1 liang), Schizonepeta Spike (Jingjie) [Schizonepetae Spica] (3 qian), Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) [Scutellariae Radix] (1 qian), White Chrysanthemum Flower (Baiju) [Chrysanthemi Flos] (5 qian), Trichosanthes Root (Tianhuafen) [Trichosanthis Radix] (2 qian). Decoct in water and take orally. One dose stops headache; two doses resolve fever; three doses disperse spots, calming mania/restlessness; four doses cure.
This formula expels pathogens without damaging righteous Qi, most effective for improper seasonal conditions, not just Spring-Warmth.
This condition can also be well-treated with Zhengqi Tang (Righteous Qi Decoction).
Scrophularia Root (Xuanshen) [Scrophulariae Radix] (1 liang), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong) [Ophiopogonis Tuber] (5 qian), Schizonepeta Spike (Jingjie) [Schizonepetae Spica] (3 qian), Cimicifuga Rhizome (Shengma) [Cimicifugae Rhizoma] (0.8 fen), Licorice Root (Gancao) [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma], Scutellaria Root (Huangqin) [Scutellariae Radix] (1 qian each), Trichosanthes Root (Tianhuafen) [Trichosanthis Radix] (3 qian), Vitex Fruit (Manjingzi) [Viticis Fructus] (0.5 fen). Decoct in water and take orally.