1．师曰∶疟脉自弦，弦数者多热，弦迟者多寒。弦小紧者，下之瘥，弦迟者，可温之；弦紧者，可发汗、针
灸也；浮大者，可吐之；弦数者，风发也，以饮食消息止之。
2．病疟，以月一日发，当以十五日愈；设不瘥，
当月尽解；如其不瘥，当云何？师曰∶此结为 瘕，名曰疟母，急治之，宜鳖甲煎丸。
鳖甲煎丸
鳖甲（十二分，炙） 乌扇（三分，烧） 黄芩（三分） 柴胡（六分） 鼠妇（三分，熬） 干姜（三分）
大黄（三分） 芍药（五分） 桂枝（三分） 葶苈（一分，熬） 石苇（三分，去毛） 浓朴（三分） 牡丹
（五分，去心） 瞿麦（二分） 紫葳（三分） 半夏（一分） 人参（一分） 虫（五分，熬） 阿胶（三
分，炙） 蜂窠（四分，炙） 赤硝（十二分） 蜣 （六分，熬） 桃仁（二分）
上二十三味，为末，取熊灶下灰一斗，清酒一斛五斗，浸灰，候酒尽一半，着鳖甲于中，煮令泛烂如胶漆，
绞取汁，纳诸药，煎为丸如梧子大，空心服七丸，日三服。
（《千金方》用鳖甲十二片，又有海藻三分，大戟一分， 虫五分，无鼠妇、赤硝二味，以鳖甲煎和诸药为
丸。）
3．师曰∶阴气孤绝，阳气独发，则热而少气烦冤，手足热而欲呕，名曰瘅疟。若但热不寒者，邪气内藏于
心，外舍分肉之间，令人消铄肌肉。
4．温疟者，其脉如平，身无寒但热，骨节疼烦，时呕，白虎加桂枝汤主之。
白虎加桂枝汤方
知母（六两） 甘草（二两，炙） 石膏（一斤） 粳米（二合） 桂（去皮，三两）
上 ，每五钱，水一盏半，煎至八分，去滓，温服，汗出愈。
5．疟多寒者，名曰牝疟，蜀漆散主之。
蜀漆散方
蜀漆（洗去腥） 云母（烧二日夜） 龙骨（等分）
上三味，杵为散，未发前以浆水服半钱。温疟加蜀漆半分，临发时服一钱匕。（一方云母作云实。）
附《外台秘要》方
牡蛎汤 治牡疟。
牡蛎（四两，熬） 麻黄（去节，四两） 甘草（三两） 蜀漆（三两）
上四味，以水八升先煮蜀漆、麻黄，去上沫，得
六升，纳诸药煮取二升，温服一升。若吐，则勿更服。
柴胡去半夏加栝蒌汤 治疟病发渴者，亦治劳疟。
柴胡（八两） 人参 黄芩 甘草（各三两） 栝蒌根（四两） 生姜（二两） 大枣（十二枚）
上七味，以水一斗二升，煮取六升，去滓，再煎取三升，温服一升，日二服。
柴胡桂姜汤 治疟寒多微有热，或但寒不热。（服一剂如神。）
柴胡（半斤） 桂枝（三两，去皮） 干姜（二两） 栝蒌根（四两） 黄芩（三两） 牡蛎（三两，熬）
甘草（二两，炙）
上七味，以水一斗二升，煮取六升，去滓，再煎取三升，温服一升，日三服。初服微烦，复服汗出便愈。
1. The Master said: The pulse of malaria naturally presents as a string-like (Xian) pulse. A string-like and rapid pulse indicates mostly heat; a string-like and slow pulse indicates mostly cold. A string-like, small, and tight pulse can be treated with purgation to achieve recovery; a string-like and slow pulse can be treated with warming methods; a string-like and tight pulse can be treated with diaphoresis or acupuncture/moxibustion; a floating and large pulse can be treated with emesis; a string-like and rapid pulse indicates wind-induced fever (Feng Fa), which can be resolved through dietary management.
2. For patients suffering from malaria, if the onset occurs on the first day of the lunar month, it should heal within fifteen days; if not healed, it should resolve by the end of that month. If it does not resolve, what should be done? The Master said: This is due to the accumulation of pathogenic factors forming a mass, named "Malaria Mother" (Nüe Mu). It must be treated urgently, and Biejia Jian Wan (Turtle Shell Decoction Pill) is indicated.
Biejia Jian Wan (Turtle Shell Decoction Pill):
Bie Jia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, 12 fen, roasted), Wu Shan (Iris Tectori Rhizoma, 3 fen, burned), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 3 fen), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 6 fen), Shu Fu (Psoraleae Fructus, 3 fen, processed), Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 3 fen), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 3 fen), Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 5 fen), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 3 fen), Ting Li (Lepidii Semen, 1 fen, processed), Shi Wei (Pyrrosiae Folium, 3 fen, hairs removed), Hou Po (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, 3 fen), Mu Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex, 5 fen, heart removed), Qu Mai (Polygoni Avicularis Herba, 2 fen), Zi Wei (Campsis Flower, 3 fen), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 1 fen), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 1 fen), E Chong (Eupolyphaga Seu Steleophaga, 5 fen, processed), E Jiao (Colla Corii Asini, 3 fen, roasted), Feng Ke (Apis Nidus, 4 fen, roasted), Chi Xiao (Sal Nitri, 12 fen), Qiang Lang (Scarabaeus, 6 fen, processed), Tao Ren (Persicae Semen, 2 fen).
The above twenty-three ingredients are ground into powder. Take one dou (unit of volume) of ash from a bear's hearth and one hu (unit of volume) of clear wine to soak the ash. Wait until half of the wine has evaporated, then add Bie Jia (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum) and boil until it becomes soft and gelatinous like lacquer. Strain to obtain the juice, add the other medicines, and decoct into pills the size of a wu zi (wu berry). Take seven pills on an empty stomach, three times a day.
(Note: In *Qianjin Fang*, twelve pieces of Bie Jia are used, along with Hai Zao (Sargassum Herba, 3 fen), Da Ji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix, 1 fen), and E Chong (Eupolyphaga Seu Steleophaga, 5 fen); Shu Fu (Psoraleae Fructus) and Chi Xiao (Sal Nitri) are omitted. The pills are made by mixing the herbs with the Bie Jia decoction.)
3. The Master said: When Yin Qi is isolated and exhausted, and Yang Qi acts alone and erupts, there will be fever, shortness of breath, mental vexation and oppression, hot hands and feet, and a desire to vomit. This is called Dan Nüe (Damp-Malaria/Heat Malaria). If there is only heat without chills, the pathogenic factor resides internally in the Heart and externally in the muscle interspaces, causing the muscles to waste away.
4. Wen Nüe (Warm Malaria) presents with a pulse similar to normal, body heat without chills, pain and irritability in the bone joints, and occasional vomiting. Bai Hu Jia Gui Zhi Tang (White Tiger plus Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is the primary treatment.
Bai Hu Jia Gui Zhi Tang (White Tiger plus Cinnamon Twig Decoction):
Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 6 liang), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, roasted), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 jin), Jing Mi (Oryza Sativa, 2 he), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 3 liang, bark removed).
The above five ingredients are taken in doses of five qian per serving, boiled with one and a half lamps of water until reduced to eight-tenths. Strain and take warm. Recovery occurs with sweating.
5. Malaria characterized by excessive cold is called Pin Nüe (Yin Malaria/Cold Malaria), treated with Shu Qi San (Shu Qi Powder).
Shu Qi San (Shu Qi Powder):
Shu Qi (Perillae Folium, washed to remove fishy odor), Yun Mu (Muscovite, roasted for two nights), Long Gu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi, equal parts).
The above three ingredients are pounded into a powder. Take half a qian with Jiang Shui (fermented grain water) before the onset of symptoms. For Wen Nüe (Warm Malaria), add half a qian of Shu Qi and take one qian-bi at the time of onset. (Another version substitutes Yun Mu with Yun Shi [Corni Fructus].)
Appendix from *Waitai Miyao*:
Muli Tang (Oyster Shell Decoction): Treats Mu Nüe (Oyster Malaria/Cold-predominant Malaria).
Muli (Ostreae Concha, 4 liang, roasted), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, de-jointed, 4 liang), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang), Shu Qi (Perillae Folium, 3 liang).
The above four ingredients are boiled in eight sheng of water. First decoct Shu Qi and Ma Huang, removing the foam on top, until six sheng remain. Add the remaining herbs and decoct until two sheng remain. Take one sheng warm. If vomiting occurs, do not take further.
Chai Hu Qu Ban Xia Gua Lou Gen Tang (Bupleurum Decoction minus Pinellia plus Trichosanthes Root): Treats malaria with thirst during attacks, also treats Lao Nüe (Exhaustion Malaria).
Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 8 liang), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang each), Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthis Radix, 4 liang), Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 2 liang), Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, 12 pieces).
The above seven ingredients are boiled in twelve dou of water until six sheng remain. Strain and decoct again until three sheng remain. Take one sheng warm, twice a day.
Chai Hu Gui Jiang Tang (Bupleurum and Dried Ginger Decoction): Treats malaria with predominant cold and slight heat, or only cold without heat. (One dose yields miraculous results.)
Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, half a jin), Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 3 liang, bark removed), Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 2 liang), Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthis Radix, 4 liang), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 3 liang), Muli (Ostreae Concha, 3 liang, roasted), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, roasted).
The above seven ingredients are boiled in twelve dou of water until six sheng remain. Strain and decoct again until three sheng remain. Take one sheng warm, three times a day. Initial intake may cause mild restlessness; subsequent intake leads to sweating and recovery.