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Weizhong (BL40) governs lower back pain extending from the spine to the head, accompanied by a heavy sensation. For any case of heavy and painful lower back and legs, pricking this point to bleed will immediately cure even chronic stubborn rashes.

Dazhong (KI4) governs lumbar and spinal pain. Xiaochangshu (BL27), Zhonglushu (BL29), and Baihuanshu (BL30) govern lumbar and spinal hernia pain. Cili (BL32), Baohuang (BL54), and Chengjin (BL56) govern lumbar and spinal pain with aversion to cold. Heyang (BL38) governs lumbar and spinal pain radiating to the abdomen. Fucheng (BL37) governs cold and painful lumbar, sacral, gluteal, and genital regions. Yongquan (KI1) governs lumbar and spinal pain with a sensation as if dislocated or untied. Zhisshi (BL52) and Jingmen (GB25) govern lower back pain with spinal stiffness. (Note: "Same as Ming" below refers to identical records in Ming dynasty texts.) Pishu (BL20), Xiaochangshu (BL27), Pangguangshu (BL28), Yaoshu (DU2), Shendao (DU11), Guzhong (likely Guhui DU15 or similar, kept as original), and Changqiang (DU1) [Note: The text lists these without explicit governance verbs in some parts, implying association]. Dazhu (BL11), Ge Guan (BL17), and Shuifen (CV9) govern lumbar and spinal stiffness and rigidity. Yaoshu (DU2) treats lumbosacral pain, spinal stiffness, and inability to turn. (Note: "Ming" same as above.) Baihuanshu (BL30) treats lumbar and spinal spasmodic pain, difficulty in urination and defecation, pain and dysfunction of the lumbar and hips due to various diseases, coldness in the waist, and insomnia. The following text states it treats lumbar and spinal stiffness, inability to bend or extend, difficulty in rising and sitting, numbness of hands and feet, yellow urine, and heaviness of the lumbar and sacrum preventing lifting. Zhisshi (BL52) and Baohuang (BL54) treat urgent lumbar and spinal pain, indigestion, and abdominal hardness and urgency. Pangguangshu (BL28) treats spinal stiffness and rigidity, and soreness and heaviness from the waist to the feet. (Below) Shentang (BL44) treats lumbar and spinal stiffness, rebellious Qi attacking upward causing frequent choking. Dazhong (KI4) (see Lin syndrome) treats lumbar and spinal stiffness and pain. Zhisshi (BL52) treats lumbar and spinal stiffness and pain, indigestion, and abdominal hardness and urgency. Jinggu (BL64) (see Foot Shaoyang chapter). Zhonglushu (BL29) treats inability to bend or extend the lumbar and spine (see Xiao Ke chapter). Ming dynasty texts state it treats lower back pain with inability to bend or extend, pain along the spine and erector muscles, where pressing up and down elicits a response; moxa applied from the nape to this point cures it immediately.

Fuliu (KI7) treats internal pulling pain in the lumbar and spine (Ming texts: lower back pain radiating to the spine), inability to bend or extend or rise/sit, blurred vision, irritability and excessive talking, dry tongue with saliva discharge, flaccid paralysis of the feet making walking difficult, coldness without self-warming. Jinggu (BL64) treats tendon spasms and soreness, hip joint pain, neck and nape stiffness, and inability to bend or extend the lumbar and spine. Weizhong (BL40) treats deep, heavy pain in the lower back alongside the spine, urinary incontinence, heavy lower back unable to lift the body, wind-bi, hip joint pain; bleeding is indicated, and stubborn rashes are cured. It also states that for heat diseases with no sweat, hot feet with Jue-ni fullness, and knees unable to flex or extend, taking blood from the meridian leads to immediate cure. Heyang (BL38) treats lumbar and spinal stiffness, pulling abdominal pain, heat in the medial thigh, soreness and heaviness in the knees, and difficulty walking. Fucheng (BL37) treats lumbar and spinal pain with a sensation as if dislocated (Ming texts: treats cold pain in the lumbar, sacral, gluteal, and waist regions). Yinmen (BL37) treats inability to bend or extend the lumbar and spine, used for evil blood caused by heavy lifting, and swelling of the lateral thigh. Zhangmen (LR13) (see Borborygmus). Ciliao (BL32) treats lumbar and spinal pain with inability to turn (see Hernia). Xianshu (DU9) treats lumbar and spinal stiffness (same as Ming), inability to flex or extend. Sanjiaoshu (BL22) treats shoulder and back tension, lumbar and spinal stiffness (same as Ming), and inability to bend or extend. Pangguangshu (BL28) treats lumbar and spinal pain. Baihuanshu (BL30) treats lumbar and spinal spasmodic pain, difficulty in urination and defecation, lumbar and hip pain, dysfunction of legs and knees, warm malaria, cold pain in the lumbar and spine, inability to lie comfortably, damage from labor and wind-deficiency.

The *Records of the Grand Historian* (*Shiji*) records: Tai Cui Gong Song Jian said to Song Jian, "You have an illness. Four or five days ago, your waist and hypochondrium were diseased, unable to bend or extend, and you could not pass urine. If not treated urgently, the disease will enter the Ru Shen (moistening kidney). Treat it urgently before it settles in the Five Zang organs. Currently, the disease is just visiting the Ru of the Kidney; this is what is called Ren Bi (Kidney Bi)." Song Jian said, "I originally had lumbar and spinal pain. Four or five days ago, I moved stones and could not rise, so I put them down. In the evening, my lumbar and spine hurt, and I could not urinate. This has not healed until now." Song Jian's illness was caused by a habit of holding heavy objects. Therefore, he administered a soft decoction (Rou Tang) for him to take, and after eighteen days, the illness healed. Thus, when lumbar and spinal injury from heavy lifting enters the Kidney, moxibustion on Shenshu (BL23) is appropriate.