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[Diagram of Yellow and Red Sclera]
Q: What is the cause of the sclera gradually becoming yellow and red?
A: This is caused by alcohol toxicity. Alcohol promotes the rising of Yang Qi; excessive drinking leads to dampness in the Spleen Meridian, damaging the Liver and Gallbladder, and assisting internal Fire. The Fire pathogen then injures the Lung Meridian. Since the white part of the eye (Bai Ren) belongs to the Lung in TCM theory, the yellowing and reddening of the sclera is due to overindulgence in alcohol. This also draws blood damage into the Liver; the Liver suffers from blood heat, which rises to steam upwards towards the eyes. The eyes suffer from the infusion of alcohol's heat and toxicity into the lens area (Jing Lun), causing it to appear yellow and red. It is appropriate to take Huanglian Jiedu San (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxicity). After taking a few doses, apply Qingliang San (Cooling Powder) as eye drops.

Huanglian Jiedu San (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxicity)
Ingredients: Huang Lian (Rhizoma Coptidis), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae), Hei Shen (Radix Scrophulariae, also known as Xuan Shen), Long Dan Cao (Radix Gentianae), Jing Jie (Herba Schizonepetae), Zhi Zi (Fructus Gardeniae), Tian Hua Fen (Radix Trichosanthis), Yin Chen (Herba Artemisiae Scopariae), Sheng Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata), Che Qian Zi (Semen Plantaginis), Jie Geng (Radix Platycodi), Lian Qiao (Fructus Forsythiae).
Usage: Decoct the above ingredients in water for each dose, add three cups of Tong Bian (Child's Urine), and take warm.

Qingjin Lianggan San (Clear Metal and Cool Liver Powder)
Ingredients: Huang Lian (Rhizoma Coptidis), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae), Zhi Zi (Fructus Gardeniae), Lian Qiao (Fructus Forsythiae), Ting Li (Semen Lepidii et Descurainiae), Sang Bai Pi (Cortex Mori Radicis), Mai Men Dong (Radix Ophiopogonis), Tian Hua Fen (Radix Trichosanthis), Chi Shao Yao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), Gan Ge (Radix Puerariae), Jing Jie (Herba Schizonepetae), Xing Ren (Semen Pruni), Qing Pi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae).
Usage: Decoct the above ingredients in water, add one cup of honey, boil once, and take warm after meals.

[Diagram of Eye Disease with Headache]
Q: When a person suffers from eye disease accompanied by lateral or central headache, what is the cause?
A: This is due to severe Wind-Toxin. For head wind located on the right side, it belongs to Phlegm and Heat; use Cang Zhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae) and Ban Xia (Rhizoma Pinelliae); if it is Heat, use Jiu Zhi Huang Qin (Alcohol-processed Radix Scutellariae). For head wind located on the left side, it belongs to Wind and Blood Deficiency; for Wind, use Jing Jie (Herba Schizonepetae) and Bo He (Herba Menthae); for Blood Deficiency, use Xiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong), Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Shao Yao (Radix Paeoniae), and Jiu Zhi Huang Bo (Alcohol-processed Cortex Phellodendri). These three conditions can be treated effectively based on differentiation. Treatment methods: For severe pain, use Jiu Tiao San (Wine-Mixed Powder) to release the exterior; for hot pain, use Shi Gao San (Gypsum Powder), Qing Kong San (Clear Empty Powder), or Chuanxiong Chatiao San (Chuanxiong Tea-Pausing Powder); for cold pain, use Jiu Tiao San (Wine-Mixed Powder), Chuanxiong San (Chuanxiong Powder), or Shen Qing San (Divine Clarity Powder) as main treatments; for pain caused by Wind-Toxin, use Ju Hua San (Chrysanthemum Powder) or Ru Shen San (Like-Sage Powder) as main treatments; there is no need to use medicinal pellets for eye application.

Jiu Tiao San (Wine-Mixed Powder) [Below are moxibustion acupoints related to Sang Piao Xiao]
Moxibustion Acupoints:
Baihui (GV20): 1 point;
Shenting (GV24): 4 points (Note: Original text says "Shen", likely referring to acupoints starting with 'Shen');
Lin Qi (GB15): 2 points;
Ting Hui (GB2): 2 points;
Er Jian (EX-HN6): 2 points;
Feng Chi (GB20): 2 points;
Guang Ming (LR37): 2 points;
Tai Yang (EX-HN5): 2 points;
Shuai Gu (GB8): 2 points (Original text "Shuai Gu" is a variant/typo for Shuai Gu).

Rules for defining hairline and marking acupoints (Added by Nan Jun Can; for lateral headache, moxa only the painful side):
Mark the center of the forehead with ink; use a grass stem to measure three Cun (Chinese inches) of body measurement from the center of the eyebrows to the end of the grass stem; this point marks the anterior hairline, also mark with ink; mark another point above the Dazhu bone (BL11), using the previous grass stem's three-Cun endpoint as reference, marking the posterior hairline; take the grass stem from anterior to posterior hairline, fold it in half, remove one segment, then divide the remaining length equally into six segments, remove one segment leaving five segments; use this grass stem to measure from the anterior hairline to the end; this point is Baihui (GV20); taking Baihui (GV20) as the center, mark points two and a half Cun away in all four directions, which are the Shenting acupoints.

Moxa Er Jian Acupoint (i.e., Shuai Gu GB8):
Fold the ear back, measure one and a half Cun above the tip; the endpoint is Shuai Gu (GB8) (Verified consistent).

Lin Qi Acupoint (GB15):
Align the pupil with the tip of the eyebrow and mark; measure three and a half Cun upwards from this mark with a grass stem; this is Lin Qi (GB15).

Guang Ming Acupoint (LR37):
Directly above the pupil in the middle of the eyebrow; this is Guang Ming (LR37).

Zan Zhu Acupoint (BL2):
In the depression at both ends of the eyebrows; this is Zan Zhu (BL2).

Jing Ming Acupoint (BL1):
On the outer edge of the flesh at the inner canthus, in the depression.

Jia Che Acupoint (ST6):
At the end of the curved jaw below the ear, in the depression.

Feng Chi Acupoint (GB20):
At the posterior hairline, in the depression.

Gan Shu Acupoint (BL18) (Original text missing character, inferred as Gan Shu):
Below the ninth thoracic vertebra, one and a half Cun lateral to each side.

Tian Fu Acupoint (LU3):
In the chest, two armpits down, three Cun in the depression.

Ting Hui Acupoint (GB2):
In the depression anterior to the lower ear; open the mouth to locate.

Er Men Acupoint (TE22):
In the raised flesh anterior to the upper ear, opposite the tragus notch.

Yu Wei Acupoint (EX-HN4):
At the end of the lateral canthal wrinkle.

Tai Yang Acupoint (EX-HN5):
Five Fen outside the lateral canthus; this is it.

Shi Gao San (Gypsum Powder)
Ingredients: Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 5 qian), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 1 liang), He Shou Wu (Polygoni Multiflori Radix, 5 qian), Gan Ge (Puerariae Radix, 8 qian).
Usage: Decoct in water and take after meals.

Qing Kong San (Clear Empty Powder)
Ingredients: Chuan Xiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong, 5 qian), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 7 qian), Huang Lian (Rhizoma Coptidis, stir-fried), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-rhizome), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, 1 liang each), Zhi Zi (Fructus Gardeniae, 1.5 liang), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae, half stir-fried, half alcohol-processed, 3.5 liang).
Usage: Grind into fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose. Mix with hot wine and a little tea to form a paste; smear inside the mouth before sleep, and swallow a small amount with plain water. If headache occurs, add Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 2 qian) per dose. If the Taiyin pulse is slow and there is illness, named Tan Jue Tou Teng (Phlegm-Jue Headache), add Qiang Huo, Fang Feng, Chuan Xiong, Gan Cao, Ban Xia (1.5 liang). If lateral or central headache does not improve with this formula, reduce Qiang Huo, Fang Feng, and Chuan Xiong by half, and double Chai Hu. If there is fever, aversion to cold, and thirst, this is Yangming Headache; only take Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) plus Xiang Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix).

Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction)
Ingredients: Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae), plus Xiang Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix).
Usage: Equal parts of the above, add 30 grains of Jing Mi (Oryza Sativa Var. Glutinosa), decoct in water and take.

Chuanxiong Chatiao San (Chuanxiong Tea-Pausing Powder): Treats various Winds attacking the head and eyes, lateral or central headache, and Hot Head Wind.
Ingredients: Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, 8 qian), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 1.5 liang), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang), Qiang Huo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, 2 liang each), Chuan Xiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong), Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Herba, 4 liang each).
Usage: Grind into powder. Take 3 qian per dose, taken warm with Cong Bai (Scallion White) Tea-Tiao Soup. Regular use clears the head and eyes.

Xiong [San] (Chuanxiong Powder) (Original text missing character): Treats Cold Head Wind.
Ingredients: Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2.5 qian 5 fen), Cao Wu (Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata, 1.5 fen), Chuan Xiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong, 2 fen), Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, 2 fen), Bai Fu Zi (Typhonii Rhizoma, 2 fen), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, 1 fen), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, 3 fen), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 1 fen), Xian Ling Pi (Epimedii Folium, 2 fen).

Shen Qing San (Divine Clarity Powder): Treats Cold Head Wind.
Ingredients: Zhi Ke (Aurantii Fructus), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba).

Ju Hua San (Chrysanthemum Powder)
Ru Shen San (Like-Sage Powder)
Ingredients: Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Chuan Wuo (Aconiti Radix), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 1 liang each), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 2.5 fen), Xiong Huang (Realgar, 2 fen), Cao Wu (Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata, processed, skin removed, pointed ends).
Usage: Grind into powder, mix with warm wine and take. Take once every two days.

Tong Ding San (Penetrating Top Powder): Treats all types of Head Wind.
Ingredients: Chuan Xiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Gu Jing Cao (Evodiae Fructus), Li Lu (Veratri Rhizoma), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Ya Zao (Gleditsiae Spina), Man Jing Zi (Vittoriae Fructus), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Pu Huang (Typhae Pollen).
Usage: Grind into powder. Rinse mouth with water and insufflate into the nose.

Xiong Huang Wan (Realgar Pill): Treats lateral or central headache.
Ingredients: Quan Xie (Scorpio, 2 qian each), Xiong Huang (Realgar, 2 qian each), Pen Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1.5 qian), Ru Xiang (Olibanum), Mo Yao (Myrrha, 2 qian each), Bo He (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Chuan Xiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong, 1 qian each), Bing Pian (Borneolum Syntheticum, 1 fen).
Usage: Grind into powder. Insufflate into the nose twice daily while holding water in the mouth.

External Application Formula for Various Eye Pain
Ingredients: Chi Shao Yao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), Pu Huang (Typhae Pollen), Yu Jin (Curcumae Longae Radix), Fu Rong (Malvae Leaves) ground into powder and mixed evenly. Zhu Sha (Cinnabar), Tu Luo Yan (Concha Cochleariae), Jin Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice) added. If pain is frequent, simply rub the Jing Ming acupoint. For severe pain, add Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Nan Xing (Arisaomatis Rhizoma), Wu Ming Yi (Haematitum).
If blood is affected by heat and has not healed for a long time, add Sheng Chuan Wu (Aconiti Radix Lateralis Preparata) in equal parts, grind into powder, mix with hot water, and apply around the eye sockets. Change when dry.

Qiang Huo Chu Feng Tang (Notopterygium Wind-Expelling Decoction)