夫人禀阴阳二气而生，得患起自三焦。然冠壮易明，童幼难治。古云∶不能察其幼小者
，是以别为一家调理耳。且小儿所禀形质寿命长短者，全在乎精血，二者和而有妊，在母之
胎中，十月而生。一月如露珠，二月似桃花，三月男女分，四月形像具，五月筋骨成，六月
毛发生，七月游其魂，儿能动左手，八月游其魄，儿能动右手，九月三转身，十月受气足。
又《颅囟经》云∶一月胎胞清血凝也，二月胎形成胚也，三月阳神为三魂，四月阴灵为七魄
，五月五行分五脏，六月六律足六腑，七月精关窍通光明也，八月原神具降真灵也，九月宫
室罗布以定生人也，十月受气足万象成而生也。大抵寿夭穷通，聪明愚痴，皆以预定，岂能
逃乎？小儿所禀，全习父母之余气，以长形质，故肥不可生瘦，瘦不可生肥，大小与父母不
等，则难养也。初生虽多患，若形体相称，则寿也。小儿回舒转首迟滞，稍费人雕琢者，寿
之兆也。若小儿预知人意，身轻力懦者，难养也。古人有言∶譬如梅花早发，不观岁寒，甘
菊晚荣，终矜年事，故知晚成者，寿之兆也。若小儿阴大而黑，与身相等者，可养之子；若
阴小而白者，难养也。若小儿形体弱，头面多青脉，精神昏瘁者，难养也；若小儿刚悍，眼
目俊朗，神气爽健，发绀而泽者，寿之兆也。若小儿精神实则少病，故易养长成也。若形瘁
而多病者，难养也。若小儿眼内黑珠少，白睛大，面色 白者，非寿之相也，纵长不及天年
。若眼中黑珠大，而白睛少，面色黑形不淡者，亦要观其小儿眼中黑白分明，表里相称，曰
寿曰康。若黑珠动摇，光明闪烁，从长亦忧目疾，寿亦不及四旬矣。凡婴孩始生，坐婆急以
绵裹指，拭儿口中恶物令净，方可浴，秽若不急拭，啼声一出，咽下则生百病矣。如或浴水
未到，且以绵絮包裹，暖大人怀中，浴汤极须调和，若冷热失所，则令儿惊，亦致五脏疾矣
。虽浴出亦当暖之。若遇暑月，亦未可去其绵絮，乍出母腹，不可令冒寒气也，宜以预先煎
下沸汤，以瓶收之，临时渐暖，不犯生水，则儿不生疮，如此一月为佳，自然长而少病矣。
初生小儿，未乳之先， 用黄连些少浸汁，调干胭脂一蚬壳，抹儿口中，去其腹中旧 粪，方
可与儿乳之。三日内，以少朱砂入蜜些少，调灌半蚬壳，一腊以牛黄少许，徐徐抹儿口中。
若儿多睡，慎勿强与乳之。新生浴儿，用猪胆一枚取汁，和入汤中浴儿，则终身不生疮疥。
又用五根汤浴儿亦可，五根者，桃柳楝梅槐，加之苦参白芷，煎汤浴之，辟诸不祥。大凡小
儿冬不可久浴，浴则伤冷，夏不可久浴，浴则伤热。频浴则背冷而发惊。若遇热时，以软绢
蘸汤拭之。小儿肌肤未成，不可暖衣，暖则令筋骨软弱，时常宜见风日。若爱惜不见风日，
令儿肌肤脆软，便易伤损，当将父母穿过旧絮着衣，少假父母之余气，幸勿以新绵着儿，遇
其天气和暖无风之时，令人抱向日中嬉戏，数见风日，则血凝气刚，肌肤坚密，堪耐风寒，
不致疾病。若藏帷帐之中，重衣温暖，譬如草木生于阴地，不见风日，软脆不耐风寒。又当
消息衣服，无令衣多，多则令儿汗出，汗多则致虚损，风邪易感。夫小儿当慎风池，在颈项
筋两辕之间，诸疾从此而发。小儿脐带未脱，不可频浴，频浴则脐中入水，撮口脐风，皆从
此起，不可不慎。此乃前人之成说，实后人之龟鉴者欤。
人禀受阴阳二气而诞生，疾病的发生起始于三焦。然而，成人病情容易辨明，婴幼儿则难以治疗。古语说：不能辨别幼小病患的特点，因此将儿科单独列为一门进行调理。况且小儿所禀受的形体与寿命长短，完全取决于精血，父母精气血液调和而有孕，在母体胎中孕育，十月分娩。第一个月如露珠，第二个月似桃花，第三个月男女性别分化，第四个月形体具备，第五个月筋骨形成，第六个月毛发生长，第七个月游魂活动，胎儿能动左手，第八个月游魄活动，胎儿能动右手，第九个月身体转动三次，第十个月元气充足。又《颅囟经》说：第一个月胎胞清血凝结，第二个月胎形形成胚胎，第三个月阳神化为三魂，第四个月阴灵化为七魄，第五个月五行分属五脏，第六个月六律充实六腑，第七个月精窍通利光明显现，第八个月原神具备降下真灵，第九个月宫室罗列以确立生命，第十个月元气充足万象成就而出生。大致来说，寿命长短、境遇穷通、聪明愚笨，都是预先注定的，怎能逃脱呢？小儿所禀受的，完全习得父母的余气，以此长养形体，所以肥壮者不会突然变瘦，瘦弱者不会突然变胖，如果大小与父母不相称，就难以抚养。初生时虽然多有病患，但如果形体相称，就能长寿。小儿回头舒展动作迟缓，稍需人工雕琢照顾的，是长寿的征兆。如果小儿预知人意，身体轻弱力怯的，难以抚养。古人有话说：譬如梅花早开，不经历岁寒；甘菊晚荣，最终夸耀年岁，所以知道晚成的，是长寿的征兆。如果小儿阴部大而黑，与身体相等，是可以抚养的孩子；如果阴部小而白的，难以抚养。如果小儿形体虚弱，头面多青色脉络，精神昏沉疲惫的，难以抚养；如果小儿刚强凶悍，眼睛俊朗，神气爽健，头发青黑而有光泽的，是长寿的征兆。如果小儿精神充实则少病，所以容易抚养长大。如果形体憔悴而多病的，难以抚养。如果小儿眼内黑珠少，白睛大，面色惨白的，不是长寿之相，即使长大也活不到天年。如果眼中黑珠大，而白睛少，面色黑且形体不淡薄的，也要观察小儿眼中黑白分明，表里相称，称为长寿健康。如果黑珠动摇，光明闪烁，即使长大也担忧眼疾，寿命也不到四十岁。凡是婴孩刚出生，接生的婆母急忙用棉絮裹住手指，擦拭婴儿口中的恶物使其干净，才可以洗澡，污秽如果不急擦，啼哭声一出，咽下就会生出百病。如果洗澡水未到，暂且用棉絮包裹，暖在大人怀中，洗澡的水极须调和，如果冷热失当，就会让婴儿受惊，也会导致五脏疾病。虽然洗完澡也应当保暖。如果遇到暑天，也不可去掉棉絮，刚从母腹出来，不可让他冒犯寒气，应该预先煎好沸汤，用瓶子收存，临时逐渐加温，不接触生水，那么婴儿就不会生疮，这样养护一个月为佳，自然长大而少病了。初生婴儿，在未吃奶之前，用少许黄连浸泡汁液，调匀干胭脂一蚬壳量，涂抹婴儿口中，去除其腹中旧粪，然后才可以让婴儿吃奶。三天内，用少量朱砂入蜂蜜少许，调匀灌服半蚬壳量，一个月时用牛黄少许，徐徐涂抹婴儿口中。如果婴儿多睡，千万不要强行喂奶。新生婴儿洗澡，用猪胆一枚取汁，和入水中给婴儿洗澡，则终身不生疮疥。又用五根汤给婴儿洗澡也可以，五根是指桃、柳、楝、梅、槐，加上苦参、白芷，煎汤洗澡，辟除各种不祥。大凡小儿冬天不可久洗，洗则伤冷，夏天不可久洗，洗则伤热。频繁洗澡则背部发冷而引发惊风。如果遇到热天，用软绢蘸汤擦拭身体。小儿肌肤未成，不可穿暖衣，穿暖衣则令筋骨软弱，时常应当见风日。如果爱惜不见风日，令小儿肌肤脆软，就容易受伤损害，应当将父母穿过旧棉絮做衣服，借取父母的一点余气，千万不要用新绵给婴儿穿衣，遇到天气和暖无风的时候，让人抱着在阳光下嬉戏，多次见到风日，则血凝气刚，肌肤坚密，能够耐受风寒，不致生病。如果藏在帷帐之中，穿着厚衣温暖，譬如草木生于阴地，不见风日，软脆不耐风寒。又应当斟酌衣物，不要让衣服太多，太多则令婴儿出汗，汗多则导致虚损，风邪容易感染。小儿应当慎防风池穴，位于颈项筋两辕之间，各种疾病从此处发作。小儿脐带未脱落，不可频繁洗澡，频繁洗澡则脐中进水，撮口、脐风，都从这里引起，不可不谨慎。这是前人的成说，确实是后人的借鉴吧。
Human beings are born by inheriting the two Qi of Yin and Yang, and diseases arise starting from the Sanjiao (Triple Burner). However, conditions in adults are easy to clarify, whereas those in infants and children are difficult to treat. As the ancients said: because one cannot discern the characteristics of the young, pediatrics is treated as a separate category for regulation. Moreover, the physical constitution and lifespan of children depend entirely on Jing (Essence) and Xue (Blood). When the Jing and Xue harmonize to conceive, the fetus develops in the mother's womb over ten months. In the first month, it resembles a dewdrop; in the second, like peach blossoms; in the third, male and female distinctions appear; in the fourth, the form is complete; in the fifth, bones and sinews form; in the sixth, hair grows; in the seventh, the Hun (Ethereal Soul) roams, and the fetus can move its left hand; in the eighth, the Po (Corporeal Soul) roams, and the fetus can move its right hand; in the ninth, the body turns three times; in the tenth, the Qi is sufficient. Furthermore, the *Lunxin Jing* (Classic of the Cranium and Fontanelle) states: In the first month, the fetal sac clears and blood coagulates; in the second, the fetal form becomes an embryo; in the third, the Yang Spirit transforms into three Hun souls; in the fourth, the Yin Spirit transforms into seven Po souls; in the fifth, the Five Elements distribute among the Zang organs; in the sixth, the Six Laws fill the Fu organs; in the seventh, the essence orifices open and light appears; in the eighth, the Original Spirit is complete and descends with true spiritual energy; in the ninth, the palace structures are arranged to establish life; in the tenth, Qi is sufficient, all phenomena are formed, and birth occurs. Generally speaking, longevity or brevity of life, poverty or prosperity, intelligence or foolishness are all predetermined; how can they escape this? The constitution of children is entirely acquired from the residual Qi of their parents to grow their physical forms. Thus, a fat child does not suddenly become thin, nor a thin child suddenly become fat. If the size differs significantly from the parents, it will be difficult to raise. Although newborns often suffer from ailments, if their physical form is proportional, they will live long. If an infant’s movements in turning and stretching are sluggish and require some artificial care, it is a sign of longevity. If a child anticipates human intentions but has a light body and weak strength, it is difficult to raise. The ancients said: For example, plum blossoms bloom early but do not witness the harsh winter; chrysanthemums bloom late but ultimately boast of their age. Therefore, knowing that late maturity is a sign of longevity. If a child has a large and dark scrotum equal to the body, it is a child worth raising; if small and white, it is difficult to raise. If a child has a weak physique, many blue veins on the head and face, and dull, exhausted spirit, it is difficult to raise; if a child is strong and fierce, with bright eyes, vigorous spirit, and glossy dark hair, it is a sign of longevity. If a child has substantial spirit and thus few illnesses, they are easy to raise to adulthood. If a child is emaciated and frequently ill, it is difficult to raise. If a child has few black pupils, large whites of the eyes, and a pale complexion, it is not a physiognomy of longevity; even if they grow up, they will not reach their natural lifespan. If a child has large black pupils, small whites of the eyes, and a dark complexion with a robust build, one must also observe that the black and white parts of the eyes are distinct and balanced internally and externally; this is called longevity and health. If the black pupils tremble and the light flickers, even if they grow up, they will worry about eye diseases, and their lifespan will not exceed forty years. Whenever an infant is born, the midwife should urgently wrap her finger in cotton, wipe the evil substances from the infant's mouth until clean, before bathing. If filth is not wiped away quickly, once the crying sound emerges, swallowing it will cause hundreds of diseases. If bathwater is not yet ready, wrap the infant in cotton and keep them warm in an adult's embrace. The bathwater must be well-tempered; if too hot or cold, it will startle the infant and cause disorders of the Zang organs. Even after bathing, warmth must be maintained. During summer months, do not remove the cotton wrapping immediately upon exiting the womb, as exposure to cold air should be avoided. Boiling water should be prepared in advance and stored in bottles, warmed gradually when needed, avoiding raw water, so the infant will not develop sores. This method for one month is ideal, leading naturally to growth with fewer illnesses. Before feeding a newborn, soak a small amount of Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) in juice, mix with a conch-shell full of dry rouge, and apply to the infant's mouth to remove old meconium from the abdomen before allowing breastfeeding. Within three days, mix a small amount of Zhusha (Cinnabar) with honey and administer half a conch-shell full. At one month, apply a small amount of Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis) slowly to the infant's mouth. If the infant sleeps much, do not force-feed. For bathing a newborn, use the juice of one pig gallbladder mixed into the bathwater; this ensures no sores or scabies throughout life. Alternatively, bathing with Wugen Tang (Five Roots Decoction) is also effective. The five roots refer to Tao (Peach), Liu (Willow), Lian (Melia), Mei (Plum), and Huai (Locust), added with Kushen (Sophora Root) and Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica), decocted for bathing to ward off misfortune. Generally, infants should not bathe for long periods in winter, as it injures with cold; nor in summer, as it injures with heat. Frequent bathing causes cold backs and triggers fright. In hot weather, wipe the body with soft silk dipped in warm water. Infant skin is not fully formed; do not overdress them, as warmth makes sinews and bones weak. They should frequently see wind and sunlight. If protected from wind and sun, the skin becomes brittle and easily damaged. Use old cotton batting worn by parents to clothe the infant, borrowing a bit of parental residual Qi. Do not use new cotton. When the weather is mild and windless, have someone hold the infant in the sun to play. Frequent exposure to wind and sun condenses blood and strengthens Qi, making skin firm and dense, capable of resisting wind and cold, preventing disease. If kept in curtains, heavily clothed and warm, it is like plants growing in shade, unseen by wind and sun, becoming soft and fragile, unable to resist wind and cold. Adjust clothing carefully; do not overdress, as excessive clothing causes sweating, which leads to deficiency and susceptibility to Wind pathogens. One must guard against Fengchi (GB20, Wind Pool) in children, located between the tendons of the neck; various diseases originate here. While the umbilical cord has not fallen off, avoid frequent bathing, as water entering the navel can cause Kouque (Lockjaw) and Qifeng (Umbilical Tetanus). This must be handled with caution. These are established theories of the predecessors, truly serving as mirrors for future generations.