容。毛虫乃殃。胸中不便。嗌塞而咳者。阳明燥金。上及于肺。同气相感也。）太阳之胜。凝栗 至。非时水冰。羽乃后
化。痔疟发。寒厥入胃。则内生心痛。阴中乃疡。隐曲不利。互引阴股。筋肉拘苛。血脉凝泣。络满色变。或为血泄。
皮肤痞肿。腹满食减。热反上行。头项囟顶脑户中痛。目如脱。寒入下焦。传为濡泻。（太阳寒水气胜。故凝 且至。非
时水冰者。胜气在于岁半以前。是以羽虫后化也。灵枢经曰。足太阳是主筋所生病者为痔。疟者。太阳寒热之邪也。厥
逆而入于胃者。水侮土也。胃络上通于心。故心痛也。阴中乃疡。是以隐曲不利。而互引阴股。足太阳主筋。故筋肉拘
苛也。血脉凝泣。络满色变。或为血泄。邪入于经也。皮肤痞肿者。太阳之气主表也。腹满食减者。水气乘脾也。热反
上行者。太阳之气。随经上入脑。还出别下项。太阳经脉。起于目内 。故目如脱也。寒入下焦者。太阳标阳而本寒。
是以阳热上行。而阴寒下行也。）帝曰。治之奈何。岐伯曰。厥阴之胜。治以甘清。佐以苦辛。以酸泻之。少阴之胜。治
以辛寒。佐以苦咸。以甘泻之。太阴之胜。治以咸热。佐以辛甘。以苦泻之。少阳之胜。治以辛寒。佐以甘咸。以甘泻
之。阳明之胜。治以酸温。佐以辛甘。以苦泄之。太阳之胜。治以甘热。佐以辛酸。以咸泻之。（治诸胜气。寒者热之。
热者寒之。温者清之。清者温之。散者收之。抑者散之。燥者润之。急者缓之。坚者 之。脆者坚之。衰者补之。强者
泻之。各安其气。则病气衰去此治之大体也。）帝曰。六气之复何如。岐伯曰。悉乎哉问也。厥阴之复。少腹坚满。里急
暴痛。偃木飞沙。 虫不荣。厥心痛。汗发呕吐。饮食不入。入而复出。筋骨掉眩。清厥。甚则入脾。食痹而吐。冲阳
绝。死不治。（复者。谓三阴三阳之气。受所胜之气胜制。郁极而复发也。少腹坚满。里急暴痛。厥阴之气。郁而欲发也。
偃木飞沙。郁怒之气大腹也。 虫不荣。风气发而土气衰也。厥心痛者。色苍苍如死状。终日不得太息。此厥阴之气干
于心也。汗发者。风热之阳。加于阴也。呕吐饮食不入。木淫而土败也。筋骨掉眩。风气盛也。清厥者。风淫于上。阴
气下逆也。痹者。闭而痛也。冲阳、胃之动脉。此风气盛而土气绝也。按六气之胜复。与五运不同。五运不及之岁。有
胜气而子气为母复仇。六气之胜复。无分太过不及。有胜则有复。无胜则无复。胜甚则复甚。胜微则复微。而所复之气。
即是所郁之本气复发。非子复母仇也。故曰。厥阴之复。少阴之复。与气交变章之论复不同也。六微旨大论曰。寒暑燥
湿风火。气有胜复。胜复之作。有德有化。有用有变。盖谓六气主岁。无论司天在泉。如上下和平。无有胜复。此气之
德化也。用者胜之始。变者复之机。此胜复而为民病也。张介宾曰。按前章天地淫胜。只言司天六脉绝者不治。而在泉
未言。此章于六气之复者复言之。正以明在泉之化。盖四气尽终气。地气主之。复之常也。）少阴之复。燠热内作。烦躁
鼽嚏。少腹绞痛。火见燔 嗌燥。分注时止。气动于左。上行于右。咳。皮肤痛。暴喑。心痛。郁冒不知人。乃洒淅恶
寒。振栗谵妄。寒已而热。渴而欲饮。少气骨痿。隔肠不便。外为浮肿。哕噫。赤气后化。流水不冰。热气大行。介虫
不复。病 疹疮疡。痈疽痤痔。甚则入肺。咳而鼻渊。天府绝。死不治。（燠热、郁热也。烦躁、火烦则阴躁也。鼽嚏、
燠热上乘于肺也。少腹绞痛。少阴之阴气发于下也。火见燔 、君火之气发于上也。嗌燥、火热烁金也。夫阴寒在腹。
则注泄。得火热之气则注止。少阴标本并发。是以注泄分而时注时止也。气动于左者。君火之气。发于左肾之水中。上
行于右者。肺肾上下相交。肾为本而肺为末也。火淫肺金。则咳而皮痛。金主声。故暴喑也。心痛者。火气自伤也。郁
冒不知人者。寒热之气乱于上也。洒淅振栗者。阴阳相搏也。寒已而热者。少阴之阴寒。从火化而为热也。是以渴而欲
饮。少气骨痿。盖火盛则少气。热盛则骨痿也。隔肠、小肠也。哕者。小肠之气不通。逆气上走心而为噫也。赤气后化
者。复在五气终气。是以流水不冰。 疹疮疡。乃热伤气血。火热铄金。故天府绝也。）太阴之复。湿变乃举。体重中满。
饮食不化。阴气上厥。胸中不便。饮发于中。咳喘有声。大雨时行。鳞见于陆。头顶痛重。而掉螈尤甚。呕而密默。唾
吐清液。甚则入肾。窍泻无度。太溪绝。死不治。（气极则变。举、发也。阴湿之气盛。是以体重中满。饮食不化。胸中、
膻中也。宗气之所居。阴气上逆。是以胸中不便。咳喘有声者。饮乘于肺也。太阴所至为湿生。终为注雨。鳞见于陆者。
土崩溃也。头项痛重。而掉螈尤甚者。所谓因于湿。首如裹。湿热不攘。大筋 短。小筋弛长。 短为拘。弛长为痿也。
呕者。湿乘阳明也。密默者。欲闭户牖而独居也。脉解篇曰。所谓欲独闭户牖而处者。阴阳相薄也。阳尽而阴盛。故欲
独闭户牖而居。盖阳明者。表阳也。太阴者。三阴也。阴变而乘于阳。则阳欲尽而阴盛。是以唾吐清液也。甚则入肾。
下乘冬令之寒水也。肾开窍于二阳。故曰窍泻。夫太阴居中土而旺于四季。是以胜气胜于四时。复气在于岁半以后。故
止乘肺胃之秋金。冬令之肾水也。）少阳之复。大热将至。枯燥燔 。介虫乃耗。惊螈咳衄。心热烦躁。便数憎风。厥气
上行。面如浮埃。目乃 螈。火气内发。上为口糜。呕逆。血溢血泄。发而为疟。恶寒鼓栗。寒极反热。嗌络焦槁。渴
饮水浆。色变黄赤。少气脉萎。化而为水。传为 肿。甚则入肺。咳而血泄。尺泽绝。死不治。（少阳之火。复发于秋冬
之时。是以枯燥燔 。介虫乃耗。谓木枯草焦。而甲虫耗散也。惊螈咳衄。热乘心肺也。便数憎风。表里皆热也。面如
浮埃。面微有尘也。手足少阳之脉。皆上系于目。故目乃 螈。火气内发者。阴火发于内也。上为口糜。发于上焦也。
发于中焦则呕逆。发于下焦则血溢血泄也。发而为疟者。少阳主枢。是以寒热阴阳。外内出入。寒极反热。从火化也。
嗌络焦槁。肺金伤也。渴饮水浆。阳明胃金燥也。太阴湿土主四之气。色变黄赤者。火土相合也。少气脉萎者。气血皆
伤也。化而为水。传为 肿者。从四气五气而直至于终之气也。）阳明之复。清气大举。森木苍干。毛虫乃厉。病生 胁。
气归于左。善太息。甚则心痛。痞满腹胀而泄。呕苦咳哕烦心。病在膈中。头痛。甚则入肝。惊骇筋挛。太冲绝。死不
治。（阳明之复。发于本位主令之时。是以清气大举。森木苍干。毛虫乃厉。病生 胁。气归于左者。金乘木也。心痛痞
满。腹胀而泄。乘火土也。胆病者。善太息呕苦。木受金刑。腑亦病也。咳哕、肺气逆也。咳哕烦心者。病在膈中。阳
明之气上逆也。头痛、厥阴病也。夫病生 胁头痛。病在肝之经气。如入肝则干脏矣。干脏者半死半生。盖邪虽薄脏。
而脏真不伤者生。如太冲脉绝。真元伤矣。夫厥阴少阴少阳太阴之复。发于五气六气之时。阳明太阳之发。报复岁半以
前之气。是以木火土之皆病也。）太阳之复。厥气上行。水凝雨冰。羽虫乃死。心胃生寒。胸膈不利。心痛痞满。头痛善
悲。时眩仆。食减。腰 反痛。屈伸不便。地裂冰坚。阳光不治。少腹控睾。引腰脊。上冲心。唾出清水。及为哕噫。
甚则入心。善忘善悲神门绝。死不治。（厥气上行者。郁逆之气上行。而欲复岁半以前之气也。水凝、水寒在下也。雨冰、
寒气在上也。上下皆寒。是以羽虫乃死。盖寒淫而火灭也。心胃生寒。胸膈不利。心痛痞满。头痛善悲。时眩仆者。厥
气上行。从下而中。中而上也。食减。水乘土也。腰 反痛、屈伸不利、水淫而反自伤也。阳光不治。木火之气衰也。
少腹控睾。引腰脊上冲心者。厥阴病也。唾出清水。及为哕噫。从胃而上及于心也。盖亦报复岁半以前之木火土也。王
子律曰。木火土三气。子母相合。而胜岁半以后之气。是以复发而俱报之。计逊公问曰。少阴太阳。有水火寒热之并发。
奚少阴之复有寒气。而太阳之复无阳热耶。曰。少阴之本火。太阳之本寒。报复之气。发于岁半以后。乃凉寒之时。是
以少阴有寒。而太阳无热。从时化也。）帝曰。善。治之奈何。岐伯曰。厥阴之复。治以酸寒。佐以甘辛。以酸泻之。以
甘缓之。少阴之复。治以咸寒。佐以苦辛。以甘泻之。以酸收之。辛苦发之。以咸 之。太阴之复。治以苦热。佐以酸
辛。以苦泻之。燥之泄之。少阳之复。治以咸冷。佐以苦辛。以咸 之。以酸收之。辛苦发之。发不远热。元犯温凉。
少阴同法。阳明之复。治以辛温。佐以苦甘。以苦泄之。以苦下之。以酸补之。太阳之复。治以咸热。佐以甘辛。以苦
坚之。（上章曰。发表不远热。攻里不远寒。如少阳少阴之火。郁而不解。是宜不远热而发散之。然无犯其温凉。盖四之
气宜凉。五之气宜温。至终之气而后可用热。时气之不可不从也。阳明之复。以苦泄之。以苦下之者。谓渗泄其小便。
下其大便也。）治诸胜复。寒者热之。热者寒之。温者清之。清者温之。散者收之。抑者散之。燥者润之。急者缓之。坚
者之。脆者坚之。衰者补之。强者泻之。各安其气。必清必静。则病气衰去。归其所宗。此治之大体也。（五味六气之
中。辛甘发散为阳。酸苦涌泄为阴。咸味涌泄为阴。淡味渗泄为阳。六者或收或散。或缓或急。或燥或润。或 或坚。
有补有泻。有逆有从。各随五行六气而咸宜。安其胜复之气。使之必清必静。则病气衰而各归其所主之本位。此治之大
体也。）帝曰。善。气之上下何谓也。岐伯曰。身半以上。其气三矣。天之分也。天气主之。身半以下。其气三矣。地之
分也。地气主之。以名命气。以气命处。而言其病。半。所谓天枢也。（此论人身之上下。以应天地之上下也。夫岁半以
上。天气主之。乃厥阴风木。少阴君火。少阳相火。岁半以下。地气主之。乃太阴湿土。阳明燥金。太阳寒水。在人身
厥阴风木之气。与督脉会于巅顶。是木气在于火气之上矣。君火之下。包络相火主气。是木火火之三气。在身半以上也。
脾土居阳明胃金之上。阳明居太阳膀胱之上。是土金水之三气。在身半以下也。以木火土金水之名。以命其上之三气。
下之三气。以上下之三气。而命其在天在地之处。以天地之处而言其三阴三阳之病。则胜复之气可知矣。半者。所谓天
枢之分。在脐旁二寸。乃阳明之火名。盖以此而分形身之上下也。夫所谓枢者。上下交互而旋转者也。故在天地。乃上
下气交之中名天枢。在人身。以身半之中名天枢也。）故上胜而下俱病者。以地名之。下胜而上俱病者。以天名之。（此
言上下之胜气也。如身半以上之木火气胜。而身半以下之土金水三气俱病者。以地名之。谓病之在地也。如身半以下之
土金水胜。而身半以上之木火气病者。以天名之。谓病之在天也。盖以人身之上下。以应天地之上下。故以天地名之。）
所谓胜至。报气屈伏而未发也。复至则不以天地异名。皆如复气为法也。（此言上下之复气也。如胜至。则报复之气。屈
伏于本位而未发也。复至。则如复气而为法。不必以天地而名之。如厥阴少阴少阳之复。其气发于四气五气之时。阳明
太阳之复。其气归于初气二气之木火。故不必以木火居岁半以上。而以天名之。金水主岁半以下。而以地名之。皆如复
气之所在而为成法也。）帝曰。胜复之动。时有常乎。气有必乎。岐伯曰。时有常位。而气无必也。帝曰。愿闻其道也。
岐伯曰。初气终三气。天气主之。胜之常也。四气尽终气。地气主之。复之常也。有胜则复。无胜则痞。（帝问胜复之气。
随四时之有常位乎。其气之动。随四时之可必乎。伯言木火土金水。四时有定位。而胜复之气。不随所主之本位而发。
故气不可必也。盖谓六气各主一岁。主岁之气胜。则春将至而即发。是太阴阳明太阳之气。皆发于春夏矣。如六气之复。
乃郁极而后发。故发于岁半之后。是厥阴少阴少阳之复。皆发于秋冬矣。故曰。初气终三气。天气主之。胜之常也。四
气尽终气。地气主之。复之常也。有胜则复。无胜则否。是以胜复之气。不随四时之常位而不可必也。）帝曰。善。复已
而胜何如。岐伯曰。胜至则复。无常数也。衰乃止耳。复已而胜。不复则害。此伤生也。（此申明有胜则复。展转不已。
必待其胜气衰而后乃止耳。复已而胜者。如火气复而乘其金已。则金气又复胜之。金气复而侮其火已。则火气又复胜之。
所谓胜至则复。无常数也。如胜气衰而后乃止耳。故复气已。而受复之气又复胜之。如火气复而胜其金。则金气又当复
（毛虫遭受灾殃。胸中感到不适，咽喉阻塞并咳嗽的，这是阳明燥金之气上及于肺，同气相感所致。）太阳寒水之气偏胜时，寒气凝滞肃杀之气到来，非时令而水结冰，羽类动物发育迟缓。发生痔疮、疟疾，寒厥之气侵入胃中，则内生心痛；阴部发生溃疡，大小便不利，牵引大腿内侧疼痛；筋肉拘急僵硬，血脉凝涩不通，络脉充盈且颜色改变，或者出现便血；皮肤痞塞肿胀，腹部胀满食欲减退；热气反而上行，导致头项、囟门、脑户部位疼痛，眼睛感觉像要脱出；寒气侵入下焦，传变为濡泻。（太阳寒水之气偏胜，所以寒气凝滞肃杀之气到来。非时令而水结冰，是因为胜气出现在岁半以前，所以羽类动物发育迟缓。《灵枢经》说：足太阳膀胱经主司筋所发生的疾病包括痔疮。疟疾，是太阳寒热之邪所致。厥逆之气进入胃中，是水气反侮土气。胃的络脉向上通于心，所以发生心痛。阴部发生溃疡，因此大小便不利，并牵引大腿内侧疼痛。足太阳膀胱经主司筋，所以筋肉拘急僵硬。血脉凝涩，络脉充盈颜色改变，或者便血，是邪气侵入经脉。皮肤痞塞肿胀，是因为太阳之气主表。腹部胀满食欲减退，是水气乘袭脾土。热气反而上行，是因为太阳之气随经脉上入脑部，再出来向下经过颈部。太阳经脉起于目内眦，所以眼睛感觉像要脱出。寒气侵入下焦，是因为太阳标阳而本寒，所以阳热上行，而阴寒下行。）黄帝问：如何治疗？岐伯说：厥阴风木之气偏胜，用甘清之品治疗，辅以苦辛之品，用酸味药泻之。少阴君火之气偏胜，用辛寒之品治疗，辅以苦咸之品，用甘味药泻之。太阴湿土之气偏胜，用咸热之品治疗，辅以辛甘之品，用苦味药泻之。少阳相火之气偏胜，用辛寒之品治疗，辅以甘咸之品，用甘味药泻之。阳明燥金之气偏胜，用酸温之品治疗，辅以辛甘之品，用苦味药泄之。太阳寒水之气偏胜，用甘热之品治疗，辅以辛酸之品，用咸味药泻之。（治疗各种胜气，寒者用热法，热者用寒法，温者用清法，清者用温法，散者用收法，郁结者用散法，燥者用润法，急者用缓法，坚硬者用软之法，脆弱者用坚之法，虚弱者用补法，强盛者用泻法。使各脏之气安宁，病气就会衰退去除，这是治疗的大体原则。）黄帝问：六气之复气是怎样的？岐伯说：问得真详细啊！厥阴风木之复气，表现为少腹坚硬胀满，里急暴痛；自然界景象如树木倾倒、飞沙走石，毛虫不能繁荣；出现厥心痛，出汗，呕吐，饮食无法进入，或进入后立即吐出；筋骨震颤眩晕，四肢清冷厥逆；严重时传入脾脏，食物停滞而呕吐，冲阳脉绝，死不治。（复气，是指三阴三阳之气，受到所胜之气的克制，郁积到极点而重新发作。少腹坚硬胀满，里急暴痛，是厥阴之气郁积欲发。树木倾倒、飞沙走石，是郁怒之气盛大。毛虫不能繁荣，是风气发作而土气衰弱。厥心痛，面色苍苍如死状，整天不能深呼吸，这是厥阴之气干扰心脏。出汗，是风热之阳加于阴分。呕吐、饮食不入，是木气淫溢而土气败坏。筋骨震颤眩晕，是风气盛。四肢清冷厥逆，是风淫于上，阴气下逆。痹，是闭塞而痛。冲阳是胃的动脉，这里表示风气盛而土气绝。按六气之胜复，与五运不同。五运不及之年，有胜气而子气为母复仇。六气之胜复，不分太过不及，有胜就有复，无胜就无复。胜得厉害则复得厉害，胜得轻微则复得轻微。而复的气，就是被郁的本气重新发作，不是子复母仇。所以说，厥阴之复、少阴之复，与《气交变大论》中论述的复气不同。《六微旨大论》说：寒暑燥湿风火，气有胜复。胜复之作，有德有化，有用有变。是说六气主岁，无论司天在泉，如果上下和平，没有胜复，这是气之德化。用者是胜的开始，变者是复的契机，这是胜复而导致民病。张介宾说：按前章天地淫胜，只说了司天六脉绝者不治，而在泉未说。此章对六气之复又重复说明，正是为了阐明在泉之化。盖四气尽终气，地气主之，复是常态。）少阴君火之复气，体内燠热烦躁，鼻塞喷嚏，少腹绞痛；火热显现如焚烧，咽喉干燥，小便时而通畅时而停止；气动于左侧，上行于右侧，咳嗽，皮肤疼痛，突然失音，心痛，郁闷昏不知人，继而洒淅恶寒，振栗谵妄；寒退后发热，口渴想喝水，少气骨痿，肠道隔阻不便，外部浮肿，呃逆嗳气；赤色之气后化，流水不结冰，热气大行，介壳类动物不复育，发生斑疹疮疡、痈疽痤痔；严重时传入肺脏，咳嗽且鼻流浊涕，天府脉绝，死不治。（燠热，是郁热。烦躁，是火烦则阴躁。鼽嚏，是燠热上乘于肺。少腹绞痛，是少阴之阴气发于下。火热显现如焚烧，是君火之气发于上。咽喉干燥，是火热烁伤肺金。阴寒在腹则注泄，得火热之气则注止，少阴标本并发，所以注泄分而时注时止。气动于左，是君火之气发于左肾之水，上行于右，是肺肾上下相交，肾为本而肺为末。火淫肺金，则咳而皮痛。金主声，所以突然失音。心痛，是火气自伤。郁闷昏不知人，是寒热之气乱于上。洒淅振栗，是阴阳相搏。寒退后热，是少阴之阴寒从火化而为热。所以口渴想喝水。少气骨痿，是因为火盛则少气，热盛则骨痿。隔肠指小肠。呃逆，是小肠之气不通，逆气上走心而为嗳气。赤色之气后化，是因为复在五气终气，所以流水不结冰。斑疹疮疡，是热伤气血，火热铄金，所以天府脉绝。）太阴湿土之复气，湿气变化兴起，身体沉重，脘腹胀满，饮食不消化；阴气上逆，胸中不适，痰饮发于中，咳嗽气喘有声；自然界大雨时行，鳞类动物见于陆地；头顶沉重疼痛，且抽搐痉挛尤为严重；呕吐且沉默寡言，唾吐清液；严重时传入肾脏，二便泄泻无度，太溪脉绝，死不治。（气极则变，举即发。阴湿之气盛，所以身体沉重脘腹胀满，饮食不化。胸中指膻中，是宗气所在之处。阴气上逆，所以胸中不适。咳嗽气喘有声，是饮邪乘于肺。太阴所至为湿生，终为注雨。鳞见于陆，是土崩溃。头项痛重，且抽搐痉挛尤为严重，所谓因于湿，首如裹，湿热不除，大筋收缩短小，小筋弛延长大，收缩短小为拘挛，弛延长大为痿软。呕吐，是湿邪乘袭阳明。沉默寡言，是想关窗独居。《脉解篇》说：所谓想关窗独居，是阴阳相薄。阳尽而阴盛，所以想关窗独居。盖阳明是表阳，太阴是三阴。阴变而乘于阳，则阳欲尽而阴盛，所以唾吐清液。严重时传入肾脏，是下乘冬令之寒水。肾开窍于前后二阴，所以说窍泻。太阴居中土而旺于四季，所以胜气胜于四时，复气在于岁半以后，所以只乘肺胃之秋金和冬令之肾水。）少阳相火之复气，大热将至，枯燥焚烧，介壳类动物耗损，惊惕抽搐，咳嗽鼻衄，心中热烦躁，小便频数憎风；厥气上行，面部如蒙浮尘，眼睛抽搐；火气内发，上部出现口舌生疮，呕吐逆气，出血或便血，发作成为疟疾，恶寒战栗，寒极反热，咽喉经络焦枯，口渴饮水浆，面色黄赤，少气脉萎，转化为水肿，传变为胕肿；严重时传入肺脏，咳嗽且便血，尺泽脉绝，死不治。（少阳之火，复发于秋冬之时，所以枯燥焚烧，介壳类动物耗损，是说草木枯焦而甲虫耗散。惊惕抽搐咳嗽鼻衄，是热邪乘袭心肺。小便频数憎风，是表里皆热。面部如蒙浮尘，是面部微有尘土。手足少阳经脉都上系于目，所以眼睛抽搐。火气内发，是阴火发于内。上部出现口舌生疮，是发于上焦。发于中焦则呕吐逆气，发于下焦则出血便血。发作成为疟疾，是少阳主枢，所以寒热阴阳外内出入。寒极反热，是从火化。咽喉经络焦枯，是肺金受伤。口渴饮水浆，是阳明胃金燥。太阴湿土主四之气，面色黄赤，是火土相合。少气脉萎，是气血皆伤。转化为水肿，传变为胕肿，是从四气五气直至于终之气。）阳明燥金之复气，清气大举，树木茂盛枝干青苍，毛虫遭受厉害；病变生于胁肋，气归于左侧，喜欢叹气，严重时心痛，痞满腹胀而泄泻，呕苦、咳嗽、呃逆、心烦，病在膈中，头痛；严重时传入肝脏，惊骇，筋脉拘挛，太冲脉绝，死不治。（阳明之复，发于本位主令之时，所以清气大举，树木茂盛枝干青苍，毛虫遭受厉害。病变生于胁肋，气归于左，是金乘木。心痛痞满，腹胀而泄泻，是乘火土。胆病者，喜欢叹气，呕苦，是木受金刑，腑也生病。咳嗽呃逆，是肺气逆。咳嗽呃逆心烦，是病在膈中，阳明之气上逆。头痛，是厥阴病。病变生于胁肋头痛，病在肝之经气，如入肝则干犯脏了。干犯脏者半死半生。盖邪虽迫近脏，而脏真不伤者生，如太冲脉绝，真元伤了。厥阴、少阴、少阳、太阴之复，发于五气六气之时，阳明、太阳之复，报复岁半以前的气，所以木火土都生病。）太阳寒水之复气，厥气上行，水凝结雨冰，羽类动物死亡，心胃生寒，胸膈不利，心痛痞满，头痛易悲伤，时常眩晕跌倒，食欲减退，腰背反痛，屈伸不便；大地开裂冰坚，阳光不照，少腹牵引睾丸，牵连腰脊，上冲心胸，唾出清水，以及呃逆嗳气；严重时传入心脏，健忘易悲，神门脉绝，死不治。（厥气上行，是郁逆之气上行，想要报复岁半以前的气。水凝，是水寒在下。雨冰，是寒气在上。上下皆寒，所以羽类动物死亡，盖寒淫而火灭。心胃生寒，胸膈不利，心痛痞满，头痛易悲伤，时常眩晕跌倒，是厥气上行，从下而中，中而上。食欲减退，是水乘土。腰背反痛、屈伸不利，是水淫而反自伤。阳光不照，是木火之气衰。少腹牵引睾丸，牵连腰脊上冲心，是厥阴病。唾出清水，以及呃逆嗳气，是从胃而上及于心。盖也是报复岁半以前的木火土。王子律说：木火土三气，子母相合，而胜岁半以后的气，所以复发而俱报之。计逊公问：少阴、太阳，有水火寒热之并发，为何少阴之复有寒气，而太阳之复无阳热？答：少阴之本火，太阳之本寒，报复之气，发于岁半以后，乃凉寒之时，所以少阴有寒，而太阳无热，从时化。）黄帝说：好。如何治疗？岐伯说：厥阴之复，用酸寒之品治疗，辅以甘辛之品，用酸味药泻之，用甘味药缓之。少阴之复，用咸寒之品治疗，辅以苦辛之品，用甘味药泻之，用酸味药收之，辛苦发散，用咸味药软之。太阴之复，用苦热之品治疗，辅以酸辛之品，用苦味药泻之，燥之泄之。少阳之复，用咸冷之品治疗，辅以苦辛之品，用咸味药软之，用酸味药收之，辛苦发散，发散不远热，勿犯温凉，少阴之复同此法。阳明之复，用辛温之品治疗，辅以苦甘之品，用苦味药泄之，用苦味药下之，用酸味药补之。太阳之复，用咸热之品治疗，辅以甘辛之品，用苦味药坚之。（上一章说：发表不远热，攻里不远寒。如少阳、少阴之火，郁而不解，适宜不远热而发散之。然而勿犯其温凉，盖四之气宜凉，五之气宜温，至终之气而后可用热，时气不可不从。阳明之复，以苦泄之，以苦下之，是说渗泄其小便，下其大便。）治疗各种胜复，寒者用热法，热者用寒法，温者用清法，清者用温法，散者用收法，郁结者用散法，燥者用润法，急者用缓法，坚硬者用软之法，脆弱者用坚之法，虚弱者用补法，强盛者用泻法。使各脏之气安宁，必清必静，则病气衰退去除，回归其所宗之主位，这是治疗的大体原则。（五味六气之中，辛甘发散为阳，酸苦涌泄为阴，咸味涌泄为阴，淡味渗泄为阳。六者或收或散，或缓或急，或燥或润，或软或坚，有补有泻，有逆有从，各随五行六气而咸宜。安其胜复之气，使之必清必静，则病气衰而各归其所主之本位，这是治疗的大体原则。）黄帝问：气的上下是什么意思？岐伯说：身半以上，其气有三，是天之分，天气主之；身半以下，其气有三，是地之分，地气主之。以名命气，以气命处，而言其病。半，所谓天枢穴。（此论人身之上下，以应天地之上下。岁半以上，天气主之，乃厥阴风木、少阴君火、少阳相火；岁半以下，地气主之，乃太阴湿土、阳明燥金、太阳寒水。在人身，厥阴风木之气与督脉会于巅顶，是木气在于火气之上。君火之下，包络相火主气，是木火火之三气，在身半以上。脾土居阳明胃金之上，阳明居太阳膀胱之上，是土金水之三气，在身半以下。以木火土金水之名，以命其上之三气、下之三气。以上下之三气，而命其在天在地之处。以天地之处而言其三阴三阳之病，则胜复之气可知矣。半者，所谓天枢之分，在脐旁二寸，乃阳明之火名。盖以此而分形身之上下。夫所谓枢者，上下交互而旋转者也。故在天地，乃上下气交之中名天枢；在人身，以身半之中名天枢也。）所以上方胜而下方俱病的，用地名之；下方胜而上方俱病的，用天名之。（此言上下之胜气。如身半以上的木火气胜，而身半以下的土金水三气俱病者，用地名之，谓病之在地。如身半以下的土金水胜，而身半以上的木火气病者，用天名之，谓病之在天。盖以人身之上下，以应天地之上下，故以天地名之。）所谓胜至，报复之气屈伏而未发也。复至则不以天地异名，皆如复气为法也。（此言上下之复气。如胜至，则报复之气，屈伏于本位而未发。复至，则如复气而为法，不必以天地而名之。如厥阴、少阴、少阳之复，其气发于四气五气之时；阳明、太阳之复，其气归于初气二气之木火，故不必以木火居岁半以上而以天名之，金水主岁半以下而以地名之，皆如复气之所在而为成法也。）黄帝问：胜复之动，时有常乎？气有必乎？岐伯说：时有常位，而气无必也。黄帝说：愿闻其道。岐伯说：初气终三气，天气主之，胜之常也；四气尽终气，地气主之，复之常也。有胜则复，无胜则否。（帝问胜复之气，随四时之有常位乎？其气之动，随四时之可必乎？伯言木火土金水，四时有定位，而胜复之气，不随所主之本位而发，故气不可必也。盖谓六气各主一岁，主岁之气胜，则春将至而即发，是太阴阳明太阳之气，皆发于春夏矣。如六气之复，乃郁极而后发，故发于岁半之后，是厥阴少阴少阳之复，皆发于秋冬矣。故曰：初气终三气，天气主之，胜之常也。四气尽终气，地气主之，复之常也。有胜则复，无胜则否。是以胜复之气，不随四时之常位而不可必也。）黄帝说：好。复已而胜何如？岐伯说：胜至则复，无常数也，衰乃止耳。复已而胜，不复则害，此伤生也。（此申明有胜则复，展转不已，必待其胜气衰而后乃止耳。复已而胜者，如火气复而乘其金已，则金气又复胜之；金气复而侮其火已，则火气又复胜之。所谓胜至则复，无常数也。如胜气衰而后乃止耳。故复气已，而受复之气又复胜之。如火气复而胜其金，则金气又当复）
(If the Mao insects (hair-feather insects, associated with Metal) suffer disaster. If there is discomfort in the chest, a sensation of obstruction in the throat accompanied by coughing, this is due to Yangming Dryness-Metal Qi ascending to the Lung, where similar Qi resonates.) When Taiyang Cold-Water Qi prevails, condensation and cold arrive; water freezes out of season, and feathered creatures develop late. Hemorrhoids and malaria occur. Cold jue (reversal) enters the stomach, causing internal heart pain. Ulcers form in the yin region, difficulty arises in private matters, drawing pain to the inner thighs. Muscles and tendons become stiff and rigid, blood vessels coagulate and stagnate, collaterals become full and change color, or hematochezia occurs. The skin becomes obstructed and swollen, the abdomen distends and appetite decreases. Heat reverses and ascends, causing pain in the head, nape, fontanelle, and naohu (GV16); the eyes feel as if they are protruding. Cold enters the lower jiao, transmitting into damp diarrhea. (Taiyang Cold-Water Qi prevailing causes condensation and cold to arrive. Water freezing out of season indicates that the prevailing qi occurred before the midpoint of the year, hence feathered creatures develop late. The *Ling Shu* states: Foot-Taiyang governs diseases of the sinews, including hemorrhoids. Malaria is caused by Taiyang cold-heat pathogens. Jue reversal entering the stomach represents Water insulting Earth. The stomach meridian connects upward to the Heart, hence heart pain. Ulcers in the yin region lead to difficulty in urination/defecation and pain radiating to the inner thighs. Foot-Taiyang governs sinews, hence stiffness. Coagulated blood vessels and full collaterals changing color, or hematochezia, indicate pathogen invasion of the meridians. Skin obstruction and swelling occur because Taiyang Qi governs the exterior. Abdominal distension and decreased appetite occur because Water Qi overacts on Spleen Earth. Heat reversing upward occurs because Taiyang Qi follows the meridian into the brain, then emerges downward through the neck. Taiyang meridian originates at the inner canthus, hence the sensation of protruding eyes. Cold entering the lower jiao occurs because Taiyang has superficial Yang but root Cold; thus Yang-Heat ascends while Yin-Cold descends.) The Yellow Emperor asked: How should it be treated? Qibo said: For Juexin Wind-Wood prevalence, treat with Sweet-Clear substances, assist with Bitter-Pungent substances, and drain with Sour substances. For Shaoyin Ministerial-Fire prevalence, treat with Pungent-Cold substances, assist with Bitter-Salty substances, and drain with Sweet substances. For Taiyin Damp-Earth prevalence, treat with Salty-Hot substances, assist with Pungent-Sweet substances, and drain with Bitter substances. For Shaoyang Ministerial-Fire prevalence, treat with Pungent-Cold substances, assist with Sweet-Salty substances, and drain with Sweet substances. For Yangming Dryness-Metal prevalence, treat with Sour-Warm substances, assist with Pungent-Sweet substances, and purge with Bitter substances. For Taiyang Cold-Water prevalence, treat with Sweet-Hot substances, assist with Sour-Pungent substances, and drain with Salty substances. (To treat various prevailing qi: for Cold, use Heat; for Heat, use Cold; for Warmth, use Cooling; for Coolness, use Warmth; for Scattering, use Astringency; for Depression, use Dispersion; for Dryness, use Moistening; for Tension, use Relaxation; for Hardness, use Softening; for Fragility, use Strengthening; for Deficiency, use Tonification; for Excess, use Draining. Calm each Qi, and the pathogenic Qi will decline and depart. This is the general principle of treatment.) The Yellow Emperor asked: What about the counteracting Qi (Fu Qi) of the Six Qi? Qibo said: You ask thoroughly! In the counteraction of Juexin Wind-Wood, there is hardness and fullness in the lower abdomen, sudden severe pain from within; trees are overturned and sand flies; hair-feather insects do not flourish; jue-type heart pain occurs; sweating ensues; vomiting occurs, food cannot enter, or enters and immediately comes back up; tendons and bones tremble and dizzy; cold jue occurs. Severe cases transmit to the Spleen, causing food stagnation and vomiting; Chongyang (ST42) pulse disappears, death is incurable. (Counteraction refers to the Three Yin and Three Yang Qi being suppressed by the prevailing Qi, becoming stagnant to an extreme degree, and then re-emerging. Hardness/fullness in the lower abdomen and sudden severe pain indicate Juexin Qi stagnating and wanting to emerge. Trees overturned and sand flying indicate excessive stagnant anger Qi. Hair-feather insects not flourishing indicates Wind Qi emerging and Earth Qi declining. Jue-type heart pain, with a pale/deadly complexion and inability to sigh deeply all day, indicates Juexin Qi interfering with the Heart. Sweating indicates Wind-Heat-Yang adding to Yin. Vomiting and inability to eat indicate Wood excess and Earth failure. Trembling/dizziness of tendons/bones indicates excessive Wind. Cold jue indicates Wind excess above and Yin Qi reversing below. Bi denotes closure and pain. Chongyang is the arterial pulse of the Stomach, indicating Wind excess and Earth Qi extinction. Regarding the counteraction of the Six Qi, it differs from the Five Movements. In years of deficient Five Movements, there is prevailing Qi, and the Child Qi avenges the Mother. In the counteraction of the Six Qi, it does not distinguish between excess and deficiency; if there is prevailing Qi, there is counteracting Qi; if no prevailing Qi, no counteracting Qi. Severe prevailing leads to severe counteraction; mild prevailing leads to mild counteraction. The counteracting Qi is simply the re-emergence of the originally suppressed Root Qi, not the Child avenging the Mother. Thus, the counteraction of Juexin and Shaoyin differs from the discussion of counteraction in the *Qi Jiao Bian Da Lun*. The *Liu Wei Zhi Da Lun* states: Cold, heat, dryness, dampness, wind, and fire have prevailing and counteracting phases. Their production involves virtue and transformation, function and variation. This means when Six Qi govern the year, whether Superior or Inferior, if upper and lower are peaceful without prevailing/counteracting, this is the Virtue/Transformation of Qi. Function is the start of prevailing; variation is the mechanism of counteracting; this prevailing/counteracting causes people's disease. Zhang Jiabin stated: The previous chapter on Heaven/Earth excessive prevailing only mentioned six pulses disappearing in Superior positions as incurable, not Inferior. This chapter reiterates the counteraction of Six Qi to clarify the transformation of Inferior positions. Since the fourth Qi through the final Qi are governed by Earth Qi, counteraction is the norm.) In the counteraction of Shaoyin Ministerial-Fire, internal warmth and heat arise, irritability, rhinorrhea, and sneezing; severe cramping pain in the lower abdomen; Fire appears blazing, pharynx dries; urinary flow stops intermittently; Qi moves on the left, ascends on the right; coughing; skin pain; sudden aphonia; heart pain; depression, vertigo, and unconsciousness; followed by chills, shivering, delirium; after cold subsides, heat arises; thirst with desire to drink; shortness of breath and bone weakness; intestinal blockage with constipation; external edema; hiccups and belching; Red Qi develops late; flowing water does not freeze; Heat Qi dominates greatly; shell-bearing insects do not reproduce; rashes, sores, ulcers, carbuncles, hemorrhoids occur. Severe cases transmit to the Lung, causing coughing and nasal sinusitis (biyuan); Tianfu (LU3) pulse disappears, death is incurable. (Warmth/heat is stagnant heat. Irritability is Fire-heat causing Yin restlessness. Rhinorrhea/sneezing is warmth/heat ascending to the Lung. Severe cramping pain in the lower abdomen is Shaoyin Yin Qi emerging from below. Fire appearing blazing is Ministerial Fire Qi emerging from above. Pharyngeal dryness is Fire-Heat scorching Metal. Yin-cold in the abdomen causes diarrhea; obtaining Fire-Heat Qi stops diarrhea. Shaoyin Root/Label simultaneous emergence causes intermittent diarrhea. Qi moving left is Ministerial Fire Qi emerging from Kidney Water on the left; ascending right indicates Lung/Kidney upper/lower interaction, Kidney as Root, Lung as Branch. Fire invading Lung Metal causes cough and skin pain. Metal governs voice, hence sudden aphonia. Heart pain is Fire Qi injuring itself. Depression/vertigo/unconsciousness is Cold/Heat Qi chaotic above. Chills/shivering is Yin/Yang struggling. Cold then heat is Shaoyin Yin-Cold transforming into Fire-Heat via Fire. Hence thirst. Shortness of breath/bone weakness: Fire excess causes shortness of breath; Heat excess causes bone weakness. Ge Chang refers to Small Intestine. Hiccups result from Small Intestine Qi blockage, reverse Qi moving to Heart causing belching. Red Qi developing late indicates counteraction in the final phase of the five Qi, hence water doesn't freeze. Rashes/sores are Heat injuring Blood/Qi; Fire-Heat scorching Metal, hence Tianfu pulse extinction.) In the counteraction of Taiyin Damp-Earth, Dampness changes arise; body weight heaviness and epigastric fullness; undigested food; Yin Qi reverses upward, chest discomfort; fluid retention arises internally, coughing/wheezing with sound; heavy rain occurs frequently; scale-bearing animals appear on land; heavy pain in the crown of the head, with twitching/spasms especially severe; vomiting and silence; spitting clear fluid. Severe cases transmit to the Kidney, causing uncontrolled opening/closing diarrhea; Taixi (KI3) pulse disappears, death is incurable. (Extreme Qi transforms; "Ju" means emerge. Excessive Yin-Damp Qi causes heaviness/fullness and indigestion. Chest refers to Danzhong, residence of Zong Qi. Yin Qi reversing upward causes chest discomfort. Cough/wheeze with sound indicates Fluid attacking Lung. Taiyin leads to Dampness generation, ending in pouring rain. Scale animals on land indicate Earth collapse. Heavy head/neck pain and severe spasms follow the saying: "Due to Dampness, head feels wrapped; if Damp-Heat is not cleared, large sinews shorten, small sinews lengthen." Shortening causes contracture; lengthening causes flaccidity. Vomiting indicates Damp attacking Yangming. Silence indicates desire to close doors/windows and stay alone. *Mai Jie Pian* says: Desire to stay alone is Yin/Yang struggling. Yang exhausts, Yin盛, hence desire to stay alone. Yangming is Exterior-Yang; Taiyin is Three-Yin. Yin transformation attacking Yang leads to Yang exhaustion/Yin excess, hence spitting clear fluid. Severe transmission to Kidney is Lower attacking Winter-Water. Kidney opens to two orifices, hence "opening/closing diarrhea". Taiyin centers in Earth and prospers in four seasons; thus prevailing Qi prevails in four seasons, counteracting Qi occurs after mid-year, so it only attacks Lung/Stomach Autumn-Metal and Winter-Kidney-Water.) In the counteraction of Shaoyang Ministerial-Fire, great heat approaches; dryness and burning; shell-bearing insects are depleted; fright, spasms, coughing, epistaxis; heart heat, irritability; frequent urination, aversion to wind; Jue Qi ascends, face like floating dust, eyes twitching/spasming; Fire Qi emerges internally, mouth/tongue ulcers above, vomiting/reversal, bleeding/hematochezia, manifesting as malaria, chills/shivering, extreme cold reversing to heat, pharyngeal collaterals scorched/dry, thirst for fluids, yellow/red complexion, shortness of breath, withered pulses, transforming into water, transmitting into edema. Severe cases transmit to Lung, coughing with hematochezia; Chize (LU5) pulse disappears, death is incurable. (Shaoyang Fire re-emerging in Autumn/Winter causes dryness/burning and depletion of shell insects, meaning wood/grass wither and carapace insects dissipate. Fright/spasms/cough/epistaxis indicate Heat attacking Heart/Lung. Frequent urination/aversion to wind indicates interior/exterior Heat. Face like floating dust indicates fine dust on face. Hand/Foot Shaoyang meridians connect to eyes, hence eye spasms. Internal Fire emergence is Yin-Fire emerging internally. Mouth ulcers indicate Upper Jiao involvement. Vomiting indicates Middle Jiao. Bleeding indicates Lower Jiao. Malaria occurs because Shaoyang governs pivot, allowing Yin/Yang/Cold/Heat to move in/out. Extreme cold reversing to heat is transformation via Fire. Scorched pharynx indicates Lung Metal injury. Thirst indicates Yangming Stomach-Metal dryness. Taiyin Damp-Earth governs Fourth Qi; yellow/red complexion is Fire/Earth combination. Shortness of breath/withered pulses indicate Blood/Qi injury. Transformation to water/edema proceeds from Fourth/Fifth Qi to Final Qi.) In the counteraction of Yangming Dryness-Metal, Clear Qi rises greatly; dense trees with green trunks; hair-feather insects suffer severely; disease arises in hypochondrium; Qi returns to the left; frequent sighing; severe heart pain; obstruction/fullness, abdominal distension, diarrhea; bitter vomiting, coughing, hiccups, vexation; disease in diaphragm, headache. Severe cases transmit to Liver, fright, tendon contraction; Taichong (LR3) pulse disappears, death is incurable. (Yangming counteraction emerges during its ruling time, causing Great Clear Qi, dense trees, and severe harm to hair-feather insects. Disease in hypochondrium and Qi returning left indicate Metal attacking Wood. Heart pain, obstruction, distension, diarrhea indicate attacking Fire/Earth. Gallbladder disease with sighing/bitter vomiting indicates Wood suffering Metal punishment, affecting Fu organs. Cough/hiccups indicate Lung Qi reversal. Vexation with cough/hiccups indicates disease in diaphragm, Yangming Qi reversing upward. Headache is Juexin disease. Disease in hypochondrium/headache involves Liver meridian Qi; if entering Liver, it affects Zang. Affecting Zang is half-dead/half-alive. If pathogen presses Zang but Zhen Qi is intact, survival is possible; if Taichong pulse disappears, Yuan Qi is injured. Counteractions of Juexin, Shaoyin, Shaoyang, Taiyin emerge during Fifth/Sixth Qi; Yangming/Taiyang counteractions avenge Qi before mid-year, so Wood/Fire/Earth all suffer disease.) In the counteraction of Taiyang Cold-Water, Jue Qi ascends; water freezes/rains ice; feathered creatures die; Heart/Stomach generate Cold; chest/diaphragm unfavorable; heart pain, obstruction, headache, propensity to sadness, occasional vertigo/fainting; decreased food intake; lumbar/back reverse pain, difficulty bending/stretching; earth cracks/ice hardens; sunlight fails to govern; lower abdomen draws testicles, pulling waist/spine, rushing up to Heart; spitting clear fluid, hiccups/belching. Severe cases transmit to Heart, forgetfulness/sadness; Shenmen (HT7) pulse disappears, death is incurable. (Jue Qi ascending is stagnant/reverse Qi ascending to avenge Qi before mid-year. Water freezing is Cold-Water below; raining ice is Cold Qi above. Both above/below Cold cause death of feathered creatures, as Cold excess extinguishes Fire. Heart/Stomach Cold, chest/diaphragm obstruction, heart pain, headache/sadness, vertigo/fainting result from Jue Qi ascending from lower to middle to upper. Decreased food intake is Water attacking Earth. Lumbar/back reverse pain/stiffness is Water excess self-injuring. Sunlight failing indicates Wood/Fire Qi decline. Lower abdomen drawing testicles/pulling spine/rushing Heart is Juexin disease. Spitting clear fluid/hiccups/belching moves from Stomach to Heart, avenging Wood/Fire/Earth before mid-year. Wang Zilv stated: Wood/Fire/Earth Three Qi, mother/child combine, overcoming Qi after mid-year, thus re-emerging together. Ji Xungong asked: Shaoyin/Taiyang have concurrent Water/Fire/Cold/Heat; why does Shaoyin counteraction have Cold, but Taiyang counteraction lacks Yang-Heat? Answer: Shaoyin Root is Fire, Taiyang Root is Cold. Counteracting Qi emerges after mid-year, in cool/cold times; thus Shaoyin has Cold, Taiyang has no Heat, following temporal transformation.) The Yellow Emperor said: Good. How to treat? Qibo said: For Juexin counteraction, treat with Sour-Cold, assist with Sweet-Pungent, drain with Sour, relax with Sweet. For Shaoyin counteraction, treat with Salty-Cold, assist with Bitter-Pungent, drain with Sweet, astringe with Sour, disperse with Bitter/Pungent, soften with Salty. For Taiyin counteraction, treat with Bitter-Hot, assist with Sour-Pungent, drain with Bitter, dry and purge. For Shaoyang counteraction, treat with Salty-Cold, assist with Bitter-Pungent, soften with Salty, astringe with Sour, disperse with Bitter/Pungent. Dispersal need not avoid Heat, but do not violate Warm/Cool. Shaoyin counteraction follows same method. For Yangming counteraction, treat with Pungent-Warm, assist with Bitter-Sweet, purge with Bitter, descend with Bitter, tonify with Sour. For Taiyang counteraction, treat with Salty-Hot, assist with Sweet-Pungent, firm with Bitter. (Previous chapter: Exterior release need not avoid Heat, Interior attack need not avoid Cold. If Shaoyin/Shaoyang Fire is stagnant/unresolved, dispersal with Heat is appropriate, but do not violate Warm/Cool. Fourth Qi should be Cool, Fifth Qi Warm, Heat usable only in Final Qi; temporal Qi must be followed. Yangming counteraction purging/descending with Bitter means promoting urination and bowel movement.) To treat all prevailing/counteracting: Cold with Heat, Heat with Cold, Warm with Cool, Cool with Warm, Scatter with Astringe, Depress with Disperse, Dry with Moisten, Tense with Relax, Hard with Soften, Fragile with Strengthen, Deficient with Tonify, Excess with Drain. Calm each Qi, ensure clarity and stillness, and pathogenic Qi will decline, returning to its source. This is the general principle of treatment. (Among Five Flavors/Six Qi: Pungent/Sweet disperse are Yang; Sour/Bitter涌泄 are Yin; Salty 涌泄 is Yin; Danse permeating/dispersing is Yang. These six either astringe/disperse, relax/tense, dry/moisten, soften/strengthen, tonify/draining, contrary/concordant, suitable for Five Elements/Six Qi. Calming prevailing/counteracting Qi, ensuring clarity/stillness, allows pathogenic Qi to decline and return to its root position. This is the general principle.) The Yellow Emperor asked: What is meant by Qi above and below? Qibo said: Above the midpoint of the body, there are three Qi, belonging to Heaven, governed by Heavenly Qi. Below the midpoint, there are three Qi, belonging to Earth, governed by Earthly Qi. Name the Qi by its designation, designate the location by the Qi, and discuss the disease. The midpoint is called Tianshu. (This discusses human upper/lower corresponding to Heaven/Earth. Before mid-year, Heavenly Qi governs: Juexin Wind-Wood, Shaoyin Ministerial-Fire, Shaoyang Ministerial-Fire. After mid-year, Earthly Qi governs: Taiyin Damp-Earth, Yangming Dryness-Metal, Taiyang Cold-Water. In the body, Juexin Wind-Wood meets Du Mai at vertex; Wood Qi is above Fire Qi. Below Ministerial Fire, Pericardium/Ministerial Fire govern Qi; Wood/Fire/Fire Three Qi are above midpoint. Spleen Earth is above Yangming Stomach-Metal; Yangming is above Taiyang Bladder-Water; Earth/Metal/Water Three Qi are below midpoint. Naming upper/lower Three Qi by Wood/Fire/Earth/Metal/Water designates their Heaven/Earth locations. Discussing Three Yin/Three Yang diseases by Heaven/Earth locations reveals prevailing/counteracting Qi. Midpoint is Tianshu, 2 cun lateral to umbilicus, named after Yangming Fire. It divides the body upper/lower. Pivot means upper/lower interaction and rotation. In Heaven/Earth, it is the intersection of upper/lower Qi called Tianshu; in the body, the midpoint is called Tianshu.) Therefore, if Upper Prevails and Lower suffers, name it by Earth. If Lower Prevails and Upper suffers, name it by Heaven. (This discusses Upper/Lower prevailing Qi. If Wood/Fire above prevail and Earth/Metal/Water below suffer, name by Earth, indicating disease in Earth. If Earth/Metal/Water below prevail and Wood/Fire above suffer, name by Heaven, indicating disease in Heaven. Human upper/lower corresponds to Heaven/Earth, hence named by Heaven/Earth.) When Prevailing arrives, Counteracting Qi is suppressed and not yet emitted. When Counteraction arrives, it is not named differently by Heaven/Earth, but follows the method of Counteracting Qi. (This discusses Upper/Lower counteracting Qi. When Prevailing arrives, Counteracting Qi is suppressed in its origin. When Counteraction arrives, it follows Counteracting Qi methods, not needing Heaven/Earth names. E.g., Juexin/Shaoyin/Shaoyang counteraction emerges in Fourth/Fifth Qi; Yangming/Taiyang counteraction returns to First/Second Qi Wood/Fire. Thus, do not name Wood/Fire above as Heaven, nor Metal/Water below as Earth, but follow the location of Counteracting Qi.) The Yellow Emperor asked: Does the movement of Prevailing/Counteracting have constant timing? Is the Qi inevitable? Qibo said: Timing has constant positions, but Qi is not inevitable. The Yellow Emperor said: I wish to hear the way. Qibo said: From First Qi to Third Qi, Heavenly Qi governs, which is the norm for Prevailing. From Fourth Qi to Final Qi, Earthly Qi governs, which is the norm for Counteracting. If there is Prevailing, there is Counteracting; if no Prevailing, there is none. (Emperor asks if Prevailing/Counteracting follows seasonal positions and is inevitable. Qibo states Five Elements have seasonal positions, but Prevailing/Counteracting does not necessarily follow the ruling Qi. Thus, Qi is not inevitable. Six Qi govern one year; if ruling Qi prevails, it emits as Spring approaches, so Taiyin/Yangming/Taiyang emit in Spring/Summer. Counteracting Qi emerges after extreme stagnation, so after mid-year, Juexin/Shaoyin/Shaoyang emit in Autumn/Winter. Thus: First-Third Qi governed by Heaven is norm for Prevailing; Fourth-Final Qi governed by Earth is norm for Counteracting. Prevailing leads to Counteracting; no Prevailing means no Counteracting. Hence, Prevailing/Counteracting does not follow seasonal positions and is not inevitable.) The Yellow Emperor said: Good. What happens if Counteraction ends and Prevailing returns? Qibo said: When Prevailing arrives, Counteraction follows, with no fixed number; it stops only when declining. If Counteraction ends and Prevailing returns, and there is no Counteraction, it causes harm, injuring life. (Clarifies that Prevailing leads to Counteraction continuously until Prevailing declines. If Counteraction ends and Prevailing returns, e.g., Fire Counteraction attacks Metal, then Metal Qi Prevails again; Metal Counteraction insults Fire, then Fire Prevails again. This is "Prevailing leads to Counteraction, no fixed number." It stops only when Prevailing declines. Thus, after Counteraction, the receiving Qi Prevails again. E.g., Fire Counteraction defeats Metal, then Metal Qi should Counteract...)