〔朱氏（肱）伤寒百问〕读书后志三卷（今本六卷）存
自序曰。伤寒诸家方论不一。独伊芳尹仲景之书。犹六经也。其录诸子百家。时有一得。要之不可为法。又况
邪说妄意。世业名家。规利虽浓。因果历然。特以伊芳尹汤液。仲景经络。人难晓。士大夫又以艺成而下。耻而不
读。往往仓卒之际。束手待尽。卒归之于命而已。世人知读此书者亦鲜。纵欲读之。又不晓其义。况又有好用凉
药者。如附子硫黄。则笑而不喜用。虽隆冬使人饮冷。服三黄丸之类。有好用热药者。如大黄芒硝。则畏而不敢
用。虽盛暑劝人灸 。服金液丹之类。非不知罪福。偏见曲说。所趣者然也。阳根于阴。阴本于阳。无阴则阳无
以生。无阳则阴无以化。是故春时气温。当将理以凉。夏月盛热。当食以寒。君子扶阴气以养阳之时也。世人以
为阴气在内。反抑以热药。而成疟痢脱血者多矣。秋时气凉。当将息以温。冬时严寒。当食以热。君子扶阳气以
养阴之时也。世人以阳气在内。乃抑以凉药。而成吐痢腹痛者多矣。伐本逆根。岂知天地之刚柔。阴阳之逆顺。
求其不夭横也难矣。偶有病家。曾留意方书。稍别阴阳。知其热证。则召某人。以某人善医阳病。知其冷证。则
召某人。以某人善医阴病。往往随手全活。若病家素不晓者。道听泛请。委而听之。近世士人。如高若讷林亿孙
奇庞
安常。皆 于此。未必章句之徒不诮且骇也。仆因闲居。作为此书。虽未尽能窥伊芳尹之万一。庶使天下之大。
人无夭伐。老不哭幼，士大夫易晓而喜读。渐浸积习。人人尊生。岂曰小补之哉。仲尼曰。吾少也贱。故多能鄙
事。学人不以为鄙。然后余用意在此。而不在彼。大观元年正月日。
李保曰。大隐先生朱翼中壮年勇退。着书酿酒。侨居西湖上而老焉。属朝廷大兴医学。求深于道术者。为之
官师。乃起公为博士。与余为同僚。明年。翼中坐书东坡诗贬达州。又明年以宫祠还。（北山酒经题词序）
赵希弁曰。伤寒百问三卷。上题曰无求子。大观初所着书。
〔南阳活人书〕宋志二十卷（书录解题作十八卷）未见
张蒇序曰。余顷在三茅。见无求子伤寒百问。披而读之。不知无求子何人也。爱其书。想其人。非居幽而志
广。形愁而思远者。不能作也。惠民忧国。不见施设。游戏艺文。以阅岁月者之所作乎。避世匿迹。抗心绝虑。
灌园荒丘。卖药都市者之所作乎。颠倒五行。推移八卦。积功累行。以就丹灶者之所作乎。不然。则穷理博物。
触类多能。东方朔者耶。浩歌散发。采掇方伎。皇甫谧者耶。周流人间。卫生救物。封君达者耶。前非古人。
后无作者。则所谓无求子者。余不得而知也。三茅三年。挟册抵掌。未尝停手。所借以全活者。不知其几人也。
惜其论证多。而说脉少。治男子详。而妇人略。铢两讹舛。升 不明。标目混淆。语言不通俗。往往闾阎有不能
晓者。此余之所以夙夕歉然者也。今秋游武林。邂逅致政朱奉议。泛家入境。相遇于西湖之丛林。因论方士。奉
议公乃称贾谊云。古之人不在朝廷之上。
必居医卜之中。故严君平隐于卜。韩伯休隐于医。然卜占言凶。医有因果。不精于医。宁隐于卜。班固所谓有病
不治得中医。盖慎之也。古人治伤寒有法。治杂病有方。葛稚川作肘后。孙真人作千金。陶隐居作集验。玄晏先
生作甲乙。率着方书。其论伤寒治法者。长沙太守一人而已。华佗指张长沙伤寒论。为活人书。昔人又以金匮玉
函名之。其重于世如此。然其言雅奥。非精于经络。不可晓会。顷因投闲。设为问对。补苴缀缉成滚动条。因出以
相示。然后知昔之所见百问。乃奉议公所作也。因乞其缮本。校其详略。而伤寒百问。十得五六。前日之所谓歉
然者。悉完且备。书作于己巳。成于戊子。增为二十卷。厘为七册。计九万一千三百六十八字。得此者。虽在崎
岖僻陋之邦。道途仓卒之际。据病可以识证。因证可以得方。如执左券。易如反掌。遂使天下伤寒。无横夭之人。
其为饶益。不可思议。昔枢密使高若讷作伤寒纂类。翰林学士沈括作别次伤寒。直秘阁胡勉作伤寒类例。殿中丞
孙兆作伤寒脉诀。蕲水道人庞安常作伤寒卒病论。虽互相发明。难于检阅。比之此书。天地辽落。张长沙南阳人
也。其言虽详。其法难知。奉议公祖述其说。神而明之。以遗惠天下后世。余因揭其名为南阳活人书云。大观五
年正月日叙。
自序曰。仆乙未秋。以罪去国。明年就领宫祠以归。过方城见范内翰云。活人书详矣。比百问十倍。然证与
方。分为数卷。仓卒难检耳。及至睢阳。入见王先生。活人书。京师京都湖南福建两浙凡五处。印行。惜其不曾
校勘。错误颇多。遂取缮本重为参详。改一百余处。命工于杭州大隐坊镂板。作中字印行。庶几缓急易以检阅。
然方术之士。能以此
本。游诸聚落。悉为改证。使人读诵。广说流布。不为俗医妄投药饵。其为功德获福无量。政和八年季夏朔。朝
奉郎提点洞霄宫朱肱重校证。
方勺曰。朱肱。吴兴人。进士登科。善论医。尤深于伤寒。在南阳时。太守盛次仲疾作。召肱视之。曰。小
柴胡汤证也。请并进三服。至晚乃觉满。又视之。问所服药安在。取以视之。乃小柴胡散也。肱曰。古人制。
咀。谓锉如麻豆大。煮清汁饮之。名曰汤。所以人经络。攻病取快。今乃为散。滞在鬲上。所以胃满而疾自如也。
因法旋制自煮。以进二服。是夕遂安。因论经络之要。盛君力赞成书。盖潜心二十年。而活人书成。道君朝。诣
阙投进。得医学博士。肱之为此书。固精赡矣。尝过洪州。闻名医宋道方在焉。因携以就见。宋留肱款语。坐中
指驳数十条。皆有考据。肱惘然自失。即日解舟去。由是观之。人之所学固异邪。将朱氏之书。亦有所未尽邪。
后之用此书者。能审而慎择之则善矣。（泊宅编）
陈造跋曰。予为举子时。得朱肱伤寒活人书。爱而读之。百问十一卷。略能上口。或曰。治伤寒祖仲景。
是何为者。予惑之。后问友人侯元英。是书多称仲景。能无遗说乎。曰。是不惟于仲景无遗说。曲通傍畅。凡伤
寒书几尽矣。元英良医。人所服。予所敬者。然后知说者之妄。愈益爱其书。得是善本。表里六经课诵之。并识
之以诒子孙。（江湖长翁集）
陈振孙曰。南阳活人书十八卷。朝奉郎直秘阁吴兴朱肱翼中撰。以张仲景伤寒方论。各以类聚。为之问答。
本号无求子伤寒百问方。有武夷张蒇。作序易此名。仲景南阳人。
而活人者。本华佗语也。肱秘丞临之子。中书舍人服之弟。亦登进士科。
刘完素曰。近世朱奉议本仲景之论。而兼诸书之说。编集作活人书二十卷。其门多。其方众。其言直。其类
辨。使后学人易为寻检施行。故今之用者多矣。然其间亦未合圣人之意者。往往但相肖而已。由未知阴阳变化之
道。所谓木极似金。金极似火。火极似水。水极似土。土极似木者也，（原病式序）
马宗素曰。古圣训阴阳为表里。此一经大节目。惟仲景深得其旨趣。厥后朱肱编活人书。将阴阳二字。释作
寒热。此差之甚也。
王履曰。朱奉议作活人书。累数万言。于仲景伤寒论。多有发明。其伤寒。即入阴经。为寒证者。诸家不识。
而奉议识之。但惜其亦不如仲景专为即病者立法。故其书中。每以伤寒温暑。混杂议论。竟无所别。况又视伤寒
论为全书。遂将次传阴经热证。与即入阴经寒证。牵合为一立说。且谓大抵伤寒阳明证宜下。少阴证宜温。而于
所识即入阴经之见。又未免自相悖矣。夫阳明证之宜下者。固为邪热入胃。其少阴证。果是伤寒传经邪热。亦可
温乎。况温病暑病之少阴。尤不可温也。自奉议此说行。而天下后世。蒙害者不无矣。（溯洄集）
汪琥曰。南阳活人书。宋奉议郎朱肱着。书凡二十卷。其第一卷至十一卷。设为一百一问。以畅发仲景奥
义。第十二卷至十五卷。纂桂枝汤等一百一十二方。第十六卷至十八卷。自升麻汤起至麦门冬汤止。共一百二十
六方。此采外台千金圣惠等方。以补仲景之未备。末后第十九二十卷。则论
妇人伤寒。复继以小儿痘疹。斯诚仲景之大功臣也。但其中三十六问。治两感证。谓宜发表攻里。此是朱奉议一
片救人之苦心也。及其用药。则误引下利身疼痛。虚寒救里之例。而以四逆汤。竟施之于烦渴腹满。谵语囊缩。
实热之证。以至后世。如陶华之无知。而亦轻诋其书之失也。李知先活人书括序云。无求子真一世之雄。长沙公
乃百川之宗。此为真知二公之书者矣。（伤寒辨注）
徐大椿曰。宋人之书。能发明伤寒论。使人有所执持而易晓。大有功于仲景者。活人书为第一。盖伤寒论。
不过随举六经所现之证以施治。有一证而六经皆现者。并有一证而治法迥别者。则读者茫无把握矣。此书以经络
病因传变疑似。条分缕析。而后附以诸方治法。使人一览了然。岂非后学之津梁乎。其书独出机杼。又能全本经
文。无一字混入己意。岂非好学深思。述而不作。足以继往开来者乎。后世之述伤寒论者。唐宋以来。已有将经
文删改移易。不明不贯。至近代前条辨尚论篇等书。又复颠倒错乱。各逞意见。互相辨驳。总由分证不清。欲其
强合。所以日就支离。若能参究此书。则任病情之错综反复。而治法仍归一定。何必聚讼纷纭。致古入之书。愈
讲而愈晦也。（医学源流沦）
〔伤寒百问经络图〕艺文略一卷 佚
按是书与伤寒百问。原自别行。元窦汉卿燕山活济堂刊本。并以二书。分为九卷。卷首有嘉定六年张松序。
今考其文。则是松所着究原方序也。熊均医学源流曰。张松着究原方。及伤寒百问经络图方。意从此本转讹者欤。
〔李氏（先知）活人书括〕三卷 存
自序曰。尝观论伤寒。自仲景而下。凡几百家。集其
书。则卷帙繁拿。味其言。则旨意微深。最至当者。惟活人书而已。余留心此书。积有年矣。犹恐世医未得其要
领。于是撮其机要。错综成文。使人人见之。了然明白。故目之曰活人书括。即一证作一歌。或言之未尽。则至
于再至于三。虽言辞鄙野。不能登仲景之门。升百家之室。然理趣渊源。几于简而当者矣。同志之士。苟熟而复
之。藏于胸中。以之济世。亦仁人之用心也。干道丙戌端午日。陇西李知先元象于乎书。
〔程氏（迥）活人书辨〕佚
朱子曰。沙随有活人书辨。当求之。（文集偶读谩记）
陈振孙曰。沙随程迥可久。尝从玉泉喻樗子才学。登隆兴癸未科。仕至邑宰。及与前辈名公交游。多所见闻。
故其论说颇有源流根据。（沙随易章句解）
〔钱氏（闻礼）类证增注伤寒百问歌〕四卷 存
陈自明曰。政和间朱奉议肱为活人书。后有钱 李氏。剽窃作歌。目之曰类证活人书。（管见良方）
熊均曰。钱闻礼宋季建宁府通判。作伤寒百问歌九十三首。既以龙溪隐士汤尹才所撰伤寒解惑论。刊附卷首。
合为一书。尹才干道时良医也。（医学源流）
徐春甫曰。钱闻礼。不知何郡人。宋绍兴中。为建宁府通判。好医方。尤精于伤寒。作伤寒百问歌行世。
〔钱氏伤寒百问方〕宋志一卷 佚
〔王氏（作肃）增释南阳活人书〕二十二卷 存
楼钥序曰。世以医为难。医家犹治伤寒为难。仲景一书。千古不朽。盖圣于医者也。本朝累圣笃意好生。务
使方论著明。以惠兆庶。积而久之。名医辈出。如蕲春之庞。洄
水之杨。孙兆张锐诸公。未易悉数。无求子朱公肱。士夫中通儒也。着南阳活人书。尤为精详。吾乡王君作肃为
士而习医。自号诚庵野人。以活人书为本。又博取前辈诸书。凡数十家，手自编纂。蝇头细字。参入各条之下。
名曰增释南阳活人书。可谓勤且博矣。自言暮齿骏骏。不欲为私藏。将板行于世。来求一言。余好医而不能学。
与之论辨，皆有据根据。学人可按而求。求而得其用。始知此书之为有功也。然尝闻之老医京师李仁仲之子。云。
前朝医官。虽职在药局方书。而阶官与文臣同。活人书既献于朝。蔡师垣当轴。大加称赏。即令颁行。而国医皆
有异论。蔡公怒。始尽改医官之称。不复与文臣齿。不知当时具论之详。若许学士知可。近世推尊其术。本事方
之外。为活人指南一书。谓伤寒惟活人书最备。最易晓，最合于古典。余平日所酷爱。观许公之言。则无求子所
着。可轻訾乎。因并书之。（吴兴艺文补）
按医统正脉所辑增注类证活人书。不记成乎谁手。今考诸楼氏此序。即知王作肃所撰。唯作增释为异耳。
〔卢氏（祖常）拟进活人参同余议〕佚
卢祖常曰。愚尝究朱肱之误。着于拟进活人参同余议之中矣。（续易简方）
〔杨氏（士瀛）活人总括〕七卷 存
闽书曰。怀安故县人杨士瀛。字登父。精医学。着活人总括。医学真经。直指方论。行于世。
汪琥曰。伤寒活人总括。宋三山杨士瀛登父撰次。书凡七卷。其第一卷。活人证治赋。第二卷。曰伤寒总括。
[Zhu Gong's "One Hundred Questions on Cold Damage"] *Reading Post-Records* (3 volumes, current edition 6 volumes), extant.
Preface states: The various formulas and theories regarding cold damage differ among schools. Only the works of Yi Yin and Zhang Zhongjing are like the Six Channels (Taiyang, Yangming, Shaoyang, Taiyin, Shaoyin, Jueyin), serving as fundamental guides. They collected teachings from various schools; occasionally there is a valuable insight, but generally, they cannot be taken as models. Moreover, heretical theories and arbitrary opinions exist. Worldly famous physicians, though eager for profit, clearly face karmic consequences. It is merely because Yi Yin's decoction theory and Zhang Zhongjing's meridian theories are difficult for people to understand; scholars and officials consider technical skills inferior and feel ashamed not to read them. Often, in sudden emergencies, they are at a loss and wait for death, finally attributing it to fate. Few people know to read this book; even if they want to, they do not understand its meaning. Furthermore, some prefer cooling medicines; for instance, they mock and refuse to use Aconite (Fuzi) and Sulfur (Liuhuang). Even in deep winter, they make people drink cold liquids and take pills like Sanhuang Wan (Three Yellows Pill). Others prefer heating medicines; for example, they fear and dare not use Rhubarb (Dahuang) and Mirabilite (Mangxiao). Even in midsummer, they advise moxibustion and taking Jin Ye Dan (Golden Liquid Pill). These people do not ignore merit and demerit; they are led astray by biased and distorted views. Yang originates from Yin, and Yin stems from Yang. Without Yin, Yang cannot generate; without Yang, Yin cannot transform. Therefore, in spring when temperatures rise, regulation should favor coolness; in summer when heat peaks, diet should favor coldness. This is the time for gentlemen to nourish Yin qi to support Yang. People mistakenly believe Yin qi is internal and suppress it with hot medicines, resulting in many cases of malaria, dysentery, and blood loss. In autumn when air cools, rest should favor warmth; in winter when cold is severe, diet should favor heat. This is the time for gentlemen to nourish Yang qi to support Yin. People mistakenly believe Yang qi is internal and suppress it with cooling medicines, resulting in many cases of vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. This is cutting off the root and violating the source. How can one understand the rigidity and softness of heaven and earth, or the reversal and smoothness of Yin and Yang? To avoid premature death or injury is difficult. Occasionally, patients who have paid attention to medical books can distinguish Yin and Yang slightly. Knowing a heat syndrome, they summon Doctor A, known for treating Yang diseases; knowing a cold syndrome, they summon Doctor B, known for treating Yin diseases. Often, recovery is swift. If patients lack knowledge, they hire doctors based on hearsay and leave decisions to them. Recent scholars like Gao Ruone, Lin Yi, Sun Qi, and Pang Anchang were proficient in this. Scholars stuck only to textual criticism might ridicule or be shocked. I wrote this book while living in leisure. Although I have not fully glimpsed even a fraction of Yi Yin and Zhongjing's wisdom, I hope it will prevent premature death across the land, allow elders not to mourn the young, and make scholars easy to understand and enjoy reading. Gradually, habits will form, and everyone will respect life. Is this not a small benefit? Confucius said, "In my youth, I was poor and lowly, so I mastered many humble skills." Scholars did not despise this. Thus, my intention lies here, not elsewhere. On the first day of the first month of the Daguang era.
Li Bao stated: Master Dayin, Zhu Yizhong, retired bravely in his prime, wrote books, brewed wine, and lived in seclusion by West Lake until old age. When the court promoted medicine and sought experts in Daoist arts to serve as officials, he was appointed as a Medical Doctor and became my colleague. The next year, Yizhong was demoted to Dazhou for writing poems about Su Dongpo. The year after that, he returned home under the title of managing a temple. (From the preface to *North Mountain Wine Classic*)
Zhao Xibian stated: *One Hundred Questions on Cold Damage*, 3 volumes, titled by "Wuqiu Zi" (The One Who Seeks Nothing), written in the early Daguang era.
[*Nanyang Huoren Shu* (Book of Nanyang's Life-Preserving Methods)] Recorded as 20 volumes in Song catalogs (18 volumes in *Shulu Jieti*), original text not seen.
Zhang Cha's Preface: Previously at Sanmao Mountain, I saw Wuqiu Zi's *One Hundred Questions on Cold Damage*. Reading it, I wondered who Wuqiu Zi was. I loved the book and imagined the author. Only someone dwelling in seclusion with broad ambitions, or appearing sorrowful but thinking far ahead, could write such a work. Was it written by one who worries for the people and nation but sees no opportunity to act, playing with literature to pass time? Or by one who hides from the world, elevates his spirit, cuts off worldly thoughts, gardens in desolate hills, and sells medicine in cities? Or by one who manipulates the Five Elements and Eight Trigrams, accumulating merit to achieve alchemy? Or perhaps by one who exhausts principles and studies things, versatile like Dongfang Shuo? Or by one who sings loudly with disheveled hair, collecting medical techniques like Huangfu Mi? Or by one who travels the human realm, preserving health and saving beings like Feng Jun Da? Before him, no ancients; after him, no authors. Thus, I do not know who Wuqiu Zi is. For three years at Sanmao, I held books and talked incessantly, never stopping my hand. Countless lives were saved through this. I regretted that it had too much discussion of syndromes and too little on pulses, detailed treatment for men but brief for women, errors in dosage units, unclear measurements, confusing headings, and non-colloquial language, often unintelligible to commoners. This was my daily concern. This autumn, traveling to Wulin, I met Retired Official Zhu Fengyi by chance. His family entered the region, and we met in the woods by West Lake. Discussing physicians, Fengyi cited Jia Yi: "Ancients not in court, dwelt among medicine and divination." Yan Junping hid in divination; Han Boxiu hid in medicine. Divination predicts misfortune; medicine involves karma. If not skilled in medicine, better to hide in divination. Ban Gu said, "Not treating illness gets you average medical care," implying caution. Ancients had methods for cold damage and formulas for miscellaneous diseases. Ge Zhiwan wrote *Elbow Reserve*; Sun Simiao wrote *Thousand Gold*; Tao Hongjing wrote *Collected Proven Prescriptions*; Xuanyan Master wrote *Jia Yi*. All compiled formula books. Regarding cold damage treatment, only the Grand Administrator of Changsha (Zhang Zhongjing) stood out. Hua Tuo called Zhang Changsha's *Treatise on Cold Damage* the "Life-Preserving Book." Later called *Golden Casket Jade Jar*. It was highly valued. However, its language is elegant and profound; only those mastering meridians can understand it. Previously, in leisure, I set up Q&A, patched and compiled it into a scroll, and showed it to others. Then I realized the *One Hundred Questions* I saw earlier was indeed by Fengyi. I requested a copy, checked details, and found *One Hundred Questions* recovered five or six parts. My previous regrets were now fully satisfied. Written in Jisi year, completed in Wuzi year, expanded to 20 volumes, divided into 7 fascicles, totaling 91,368 characters. With this book, even in remote places or sudden travel, one can identify syndromes from symptoms and find formulas from syndromes, as easy as holding a tally or turning a palm. Thus, no one in the world need die prematurely from cold damage. The benefit is inconceivable. Formerly, Privy Councilor Gao Ruone wrote *Compilation of Cold Damage*; Hanlin Scholar Shen Kuo wrote *Revised Cold Damage*; Direct Secret Pavilion Hu Mian wrote *Categories of Cold Damage*; Palace Attendant Sun Zhao wrote *Pulse Rules of Cold Damage*; Qishui Daoist Pang Anchang wrote *Treatise on Cold Damage and Terminal Diseases*. Though they illuminated each other, they were hard to consult. Compared to this book, they are as distant as heaven and earth. Zhang Changsha was from Nanyang. His words were detailed, but methods hard to grasp. Fengyi inherited and clarified his teachings, benefiting future generations. I therefore named this book *Nanyang Huoren Shu*. Prefaced on the first day of the first month of the fifth year of Daguang.
Self-Preface: In the autumn of Yiwu year, I left the capital due to fault. The next year, I took a temple post and returned. Passing Fangcheng, I met Hanlin Fan, who said: *Huoren Shu* is detailed, ten times longer than *One Hundred Questions*. But syndromes and formulas are split into volumes, hard to check in haste. Arriving in Suiyang, I met Mr. Wang. *Huoren Shu* was printed in five places: Capital, Jingdu, Hunan, Fujian, and Liangzhe. Alas, it was not proofread, containing many errors. I took a manuscript, re-examined it, corrected over 100 places, and ordered printing at Hangzhou Dayin Workshop using medium-sized type, hoping for easy reference in emergencies. Physicians who use this edition to travel villages, correct syndromes, promote recitation, and spread widely, preventing quacks from prescribing wrongly, will gain immeasurable merit. Proofread and corrected on the first day of late summer, Zhenghe 8th Year, by Chaofer Lang and Supervisor of Dongxiao Palace, Zhu Gong.
Fang Shuo stated: Zhu Gong, from Wuxing, passed the Jinshi exam, skilled in medical discourse, especially cold damage. While in Nanyang, Governor Sheng Cizhong fell ill. Zhu Gong diagnosed it as Xiao Chaihu Tang Syndrome and advised taking three doses. That night, the patient felt chest fullness. Zhu Gong asked where the medicine was. It was Xiao Chaihu San (Powder). Zhu Gong said: "Ancient preparation 'Ju' meant chopping herbs like hemp seeds, boiling clear juice to drink, called Tang (Decoction), entering meridians to attack disease quickly. Now made into powder, it stays above the diaphragm, causing stomach fullness while disease persists." He prepared fresh decoctions according to ancient method, administered two doses, and the patient was safe that evening. Discussing meridian essentials, Governor Sheng supported the book. After twenty years of concentration, *Huoren Shu* was completed. Presented to the throne during Emperor Huizong's reign, earning the title of Medical Doctor. Zhu Gong's book was indeed refined. Once passing Hongzhou, he heard of famous physician Song Daofang and visited him. Song kept Zhu Gong for conversation, critiquing dozens of points with evidence. Zhu Gong felt lost and left immediately. Thus, learning differs, or perhaps Zhu's book has flaws. Future users should select carefully. (From *Bozhai Bian*)
Chen Zao's Postscript: As a student, I obtained Zhu Gong's *Cold Damage Huoren Shu*, loved and read it. *One Hundred Questions* (11 volumes) was almost memorized. Someone asked: "Treating cold damage follows Zhongjing; what is this?" I was confused. Asked friend Hou Yuanying: "Does this book omit Zhongjing's teachings?" Hou replied: "It not only omits nothing but connects broadly. It covers almost all cold damage texts." Hou was a respected physician. I then knew the critic was wrong and loved the book more. Obtaining this good edition, I studied the exterior-interior and Six Channels, recording it for descendants. (From *Jianghu Changweng Ji*)
Chen Zhen-sun stated: *Nanyang Huoren Shu*, 18 volumes, by Chaofer Lang and Direct Secret Pavilion Officer Wu Xing Zhu Gong Yizhong. He categorized Zhang Zhongjing's cold damage formulas into Q&A. Originally titled *Wuqiu Zi One Hundred Questions on Cold Damage Formulas*. Zhang Cha from Wuyi wrote a preface and changed the name. Zhongjing was from Nanyang. "Huoren" (Life-Preserver) comes from Hua Tuo. Zhu Gong was son of Secret Pavilion Officer Zhu Lin, brother of Secretary of the Center Zhu Fu, also a Jinshi.
Liu Wansu stated: Recently, Zhu Fengyi based his work on Zhongjing's treatise, incorporating other books, compiling *Huoren Shu* (20 volumes). Its categories are many, formulas numerous, language direct, classifications clear, making it easy for students to find and apply. Hence, many use it now. Yet, some parts do not align with sage intent, merely superficially similar. This is due to ignorance of Yin-Yang transformation: Wood extreme resembles Metal, Metal extreme resembles Fire, Fire extreme resembles Water, Water extreme resembles Earth, Earth extreme resembles Wood. (From *Yuanbing Shi Xu*)
Ma Zongsu stated: Ancient sages taught Yin-Yang as Exterior-Interior. This is a major point. Only Zhongjing grasped its essence. Later, Zhu Gong compiled *Huoren Shu*, interpreting "Yin-Yang" as "Cold-Heat," which is a significant error.
Wang Lv stated: Zhu Fengyi's *Huoren Shu*, tens of thousands of words, elucidates Zhongjing's *Cold Damage Treatise* greatly. He identified cold damage directly entering Yin channels as cold syndromes, which others missed. However, unlike Zhongjing who legislated specifically for immediate illness, Zhu mixed discussions of cold damage, warm diseases, and summerheat. He treated the *Cold Damage Treatise* as a complete whole, conflating secondary transmission to Yin channel heat syndromes with direct entry Yin channel cold syndromes. He claimed Yangming syndromes suit purgation and Shaoyin syndromes suit warming. But if Shaoyin is transmitted heat, can it be warmed? Warm/Sommerheat Shaoyin certainly cannot. Since Zhu's theory spread, many suffered. (From *Suhui Ji*)
Wang Hu stated: *Nanyang Huoren Shu* by Song Fengyi Lang Zhu Gong. 20 volumes. Vol 1-11: 100 questions elucidating Zhongjing's mysteries. Vol 12-15: 112 formulas including Guizhi Tang. Vol 16-18: 126 formulas from Shengma Tang to Maidong Tang, supplementing Zhongjing with *Waitai*, *Qianjin*, *Shenghui*. Vol 19-20: Women's cold damage and pediatric smallpox. Truly a great merit to Zhongjing. Question 36 treats Lianggan (Dual Cold Damage) with exterior-releasing and interior-purgative methods, showing Zhu's benevolent heart. However, he erroneously applied Sini Tang (Four Counterflow Decoction), used for deficiency-cold with diarrhea and body ache, to excess-heat syndromes with thirst, abdominal fullness, delirium, and penile retraction. This led later ignoramuses like Tao Hua to criticize the book. Li Zhixian said in *Huoren Shu Kuo Preface*: "Wuqiu Zi is a hero of his generation; Changsha Duke (Zhongjing) is the ancestor of rivers." This truly understands both masters. (From *Shanghan Bianzhu*)
Xu Dachun stated: Among Song books elucidating *Cold Damage Treatise*, *Huoren Shu* is first for making it accessible. *Cold Damage Treatise* presents syndromes case-by-case; sometimes one syndrome appears in all Six Channels, or treatments differ vastly, leaving readers confused. This book analyzes meridians, etiology, transmission, and doubts, then lists formulas, making it clear at a glance. It is a bridge for learners. It stands alone, preserves original text without mixing personal opinion, showing deep study and "transmitting without creating." Later commentaries since Tang/Song altered texts, becoming disjointed. Modern books like *Shanglun Pian* are chaotic. By failing to classify syndromes clearly, they force connections, leading to fragmentation. Studying this book allows handling complex conditions with consistent methods, avoiding endless debate that obscures ancient texts. (From *Yixue Yuanliu Lun*)
[*Cold Damage One Hundred Questions Meridian Diagram*] *Yiwen Lue*, 1 volume, lost.
Note: This book and *One Hundred Questions* originally circulated separately. Yuan Dynasty Dou Hanqing's Yanshan Huoji Tang edition combined them into 9 volumes. Volume 1 has a preface by Zhang Song dated Jiading 6th Year. Examining the text, it seems to be Zhang Song's *Jiu Yuan Fang Preface*. Xiong Jun's *Yixue Yuanliu* suggests Zhang Song's *Jiu Yuan Fang* and *Meridian Diagram* may have originated from this version.
[Li Zhixian *Huoren Shu Kuo* (Abridgment of Huoren Shu)] 3 volumes, extant.
Self-Preface: Viewing cold damage treatises from Zhongjing down, hundreds exist. Collecting them is voluminous; their meanings are subtle. The most appropriate is *Huoren Shu*. I studied it for years, fearing physicians miss the key points. Thus, I extracted essentials, organized them, making them clear to all. Named *Huoren Shu Kuo*. One song per syndrome, repeated if needed. Though language is rustic and unworthy of Zhongjing's door, the logic is concise. Comrades who memorize it and use it to save the world practice benevolence. Dragon Boat Festival, Bingxu Year, Longxi Li Zhixian Yuanxiang wrote this.
[Cheng Hui *Huoren Shu Bian* (Discrimination of Huoren Shu)] Lost.
Zhu Xi stated: There is *Huoren Shu Bian* by Shasui; seek it. (From *Wenji Odu Manji*)
Chen Zhen-sun stated: Cheng Hui Kejiof of Shasui studied under Yu Chu Zicai, passed Jinshi in Longxing Guiwei year, served as county magistrate, and mingled with senior scholars, gaining much knowledge. His arguments have solid foundations. (From *Shasui Yizhangju Jie*)
[Qian Wenli *Leizheng Zengzhu Shanghan Baiwen Ge* (Classified Songs on Cold Damage One Hundred Questions)] 4 volumes, extant.
Chen Ziming stated: During Zhenghe era, Zhu Fengyi Gong wrote *Huoren Shu*. Later, Qian and Li plagiarized it into songs, naming it *Leizheng Huoren Shu*. (From *Guanjian Liangfang*)
Xiong Jun stated: Qian Wenli, Southern Song Vice Prefect of Jianning, wrote 93 songs of *Cold Damage One Hundred Questions*. Attached Tang Yincail's *Shanghan Jiehuo Lun* (Resolving Doubts on Cold Damage) from Longxi Hermit. Tang was a good physician during Kangdao era. (From *Yixue Yuanliu*)
Xu Chunfu stated: Qian Wenli, unknown origin. Southern Song Shaoxing era, Vice Prefect of Jianning. Loved medical formulas, expert in cold damage, published *Cold Damage One Hundred Questions Songs*.
[*Qian Shi Shanghan Baiwen Fang* (Qian Family Cold Damage One Hundred Questions Formulas)] Song Catalog, 1 volume, lost.
[Wang Zuosu *Zengshi Nanyang Huoren Shu* (Annotated Nanyang Huoren Shu)] 22 volumes, extant.
Lou Yue's Preface: Medicine is hard; treating cold damage is hardest. Zhongjing's book is immortal, the sage of medicine. Our dynasty emperors valued life, clarifying formulas for the people. Many famous doctors emerged: Pang of Qichun, Yang of Huishui, Sun Zhao, Zhang Rui, etc. Wuqiu Zi Zhu Gong was a learned scholar-official, writing *Nanyang Huoren Shu*, particularly detailed. My fellow townsman Wang Zuosu, a scholar practicing medicine, self-styled "Chengan Yeren" (Wild Man of Sincerity), used *Huoren Shu* as base, borrowing from dozens of predecessors. Hand-compiled with tiny annotations under each section, named *Zengshi Nanyang Huoren Shu*. Diligent and extensive. He wished to publish it publicly rather than keep it private. I love medicine but cannot practice; our debates were well-founded. Scholars can study and apply it, seeing its merit. I heard from Li Renzhong's son in the capital: Former medical officers, though working in pharmacy/bureaus, held ranks equal to civil officials. *Huoren Shu* was presented to court. Cai Siyuan, in power, praised it and ordered distribution. Imperial physicians objected. Cai angered, changed officer titles, separating them from civil ranks. Details unknown. Xu Xushi Zhike, respecting medicine, wrote *Huoren Zhinan* (Guide to Huoren), stating *Huoren Shu* is most complete, easiest, and closest to classics. I deeply love it. Given Xu's words, can Wuqiu Zi's work be lightly criticized? Recorded here. (From *Wuxing Yiwen Bu*)
Note: *Yitong Zhengmai* edition *Zengzhu Leizheng Huoren Shu* author unknown. Checking Lou's preface confirms Wang Zuosu as author, differing only in "Zengshi" vs "Zengzhu".
[Lu Zuchang *Ni Jin Huoren Shencan Yu Yi* (Proposed Submission: Additional Discussions on Huoren Shu Compatibility)] Lost.
Lu Zuchang stated: I explored Zhu Gong's errors in *Ni Jin Huoren Shencan Yu Yi*. (From *Xu Yijian Fang*)
[Yang Shiyng *Huoren Zongkuo* (General Summary of Huoren Shu)] 7 volumes, extant.
*Min Shu* stated: Yang Shiyng Dengfu, former resident of Huai'an, expert in medicine, authored *Huoren Zongkuo*, *Yixue Zhenjing*, *Zhizhi Fanglun*, circulating in the world.
Wang Hu stated: *Shanghan Huoren Zongkuo* compiled by Yang Shiyng Dengfu of Sanshan, Song Dynasty. 7 volumes. Vol 1: *Huoren Zhengzhi Fu* (Ode to Huoren Diagnosis and Treatment). Vol 2: *Shanghan Zongkuo* (General Summary of Cold Damage).