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Shaoyin disease (Disease of the Shaoyin channel), characterized by diarrhea with undigested food (Wan Gu Bu Hua), indicates interior cold and exterior heat. Symptoms include cold extremities (Shou Zu Jue Ni) and a faint pulse nearly imperceptible (Mai Wei Yu Jue). The body is paradoxically not averse to cold, and the patient's face appears red. There may also be abdominal pain, dry retching, sore throat, or cessation of diarrhea with an unpalpable pulse. Tongmai Sini Tang (Pulse-Returning Decoction) is the primary treatment. If the pulse returns, the patient will recover. In cases of diarrhea with undigested food, interior cold and exterior heat, accompanied by sweating and cold extremities, Tongmai Sini Tang is also indicated.

Note: This syndrome involves cold accumulation in the interior and heat dissipating to the exterior. The cold is true cold, while the heat is false heat; thus, it is classified as Exterior Heat and Interior Cold Syndrome (Biao Re Li Han Zheng).

Tongmai Sini Tang (Pulse-Returning Decoction)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian)
Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 3 qian)
Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, 1 qian, raw use)
Decoct in water and take orally. Add three stalks of scallion white (Lian Xu Cong) if the face is red; remove scallion and add Shaoyao (Peony Root, 2 qian) if there is abdominal pain; add Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 3 qian) if there is vomiting; remove Shaoyao and add Jiegeng (Platycodon Root, 2 qian) if there is a sore throat; remove Jiegeng and add Renshen (Ginseng Root, 2 qian) if diarrhea stops but the pulse remains unpalpable. Note: Cold coagulates internally, and heat is constrained externally. This is Yin Excess repelling Yang (Yin Sheng Ge Yang). Warming the interior serves to reach the exterior. Therefore, Ganjiang and Ganjiang warm the middle and strengthen the Earth (Pi Wei), while Fuzi warms the lower jiao and restores Yang.

After perspiration therapy, if abdominal distension occurs, Houpo Shengjiang Gancao Banxia Renshen Tang (Magnolia Bark, Fresh Ginger, Licorice, Pinellia, and Ginseng Decoction) is indicated. After Taiyang disease resolves through sweating, if the stomach qi is disharmonious, resulting in epigastric fullness and hardness (Xin Xia Pi Ying), belching with a rotten food odor, fluid retention under the hypochondrium, borborygmus, and diarrhea, Shengjiang Xiexin Tang (Fresh Ginger Harmonizing Decoction) is indicated. In Taiyang or Shaoyang disease, if the physician incorrectly uses purgation, leading to frequent diarrhea (dozens of times daily) with undigested food, borborygmus, epigastric fullness and hardness, dry retching, irritability, and restlessness. Seeing the epigastric fullness, the physician assumes the pathogen remains and purges again, worsening the fullness. This is not heat binding, but rather deficiency of stomach qi with rebellious pathogenic qi ascending, causing constipation. Gancao Xiexin Tang (Licorice Harmonizing Decoction) is indicated. In Taiyang disease, after five or six days, if there is vomiting and fever, indicating Chaihu syndrome, but other purgatives were used, if the Chaihu syndrome persists, Chaihu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction) should be administered again. Although purged, this is not a contraindication. The patient will likely experience intense warmth followed by shivering, then fever and sweating, leading to resolution. If the epigastrium is full, hard, and painful, this is Jie Xiong (Chest Binding), treated with Da Xianxiong Tang (Major Draining the Chest Decoction). If it is full but not painful, it is Pi (Glomus/Fullness), and Chaihu Tang is contraindicated; Banxia Xiexin Tang (Pinellia Harmonizing Decoction) is appropriate. After Taiyang disease is treated with sweating, emesis, or purgation, if the disease resolves but epigastric fullness and hardness persist with incessant belching, Xuanfu Daizhe Shi Tang (Inula and Hematite Decoction) is indicated. In combined Taiyang and Shaoyang disease, if vomiting occurs, Huangqin Jia Banxia Shengjiang Tang (Scutellaria plus Pinellia and Fresh Ginger Decoction) is used. In Taiyang disease, if there is heat in the chest, pathogenic qi in the stomach, abdominal pain, and desire to vomit, Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction) is indicated. If Taiyang disease originally involved cold-type diarrhea, and the physician repeatedly used emesis or purgation, causing cold rejection and aggravated vomiting and diarrhea, especially if food is vomited immediately upon ingestion, Ganjiang Huanglian Huangqin Renshen Tang (Dried Ginger, Coptis, Scutellaria, and Ginseng Decoction) is used.

Note: All the above syndromes occur after sweating, emesis, or purgation, where exterior qi is already deficient. Internal symptoms such as glomus/hardness, distension/pain, diarrhea, belching, or vomiting indicate that excess pathogens remain in the interior. Thus, they are collectively categorized as Exterior Deficiency and Interior Excess Syndrome (Biao Xu Li Shi Zheng).

Houpo Shengjiang Gancao Banxia Renshen Tang (Magnolia Bark, Fresh Ginger, Licorice, Pinellia, and Ginseng Decoction)
Houpo (Magnolia Bark, 4 qian)
Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 4 qian)
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 1.5 qian)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian)
Renshen (Ginseng Root, 0.5 qian)
Decoct in water and take orally. Note: Sweating depletes Middle Qi, leading to Yang deficiency and dampness abundance. The pivot mechanism fails to transport, spleen qi sinks, and stomach qi rebels, causing distension. Therefore, Renshen and Gancao tonify the middle and support Yang, while Houpo, Banxia, and Shengjiang descend turbidity and move stagnation.

Shengjiang Xiexin Tang (Fresh Ginger Harmonizing Decoction)
Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 2 qian)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 1.5 qian)
Renshen (Ginseng Root, 1.5 qian)
Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 0.5 qian)
Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 1.5 qian)
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 1 qian)
Dazao (Jujube, 2 pieces)
Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 0.5 qian)
Decoct in water and take orally. Note: After resolving via sweating, Middle Qi is deficient, yet excess pathogens fill the chest. These pathogens have both cold and heat qualities. Shengjiang and Banxia descend turbid yin; Huangqin and Huanglian clear heat from the Heart and Gallbladder; Ganjiang, Gancao, Renshen, and Dazao warm and tonify Middle Qi to rotate the pivot mechanism.

Gancao Xiexin Tang (Licorice Harmonizing Decoction)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian)
Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 1.5 qian)
Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 1.5 qian)
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 1 qian)
Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 0.5 qian)
Dazao (Jujube, 2 pieces)
Decoct in water and take orally. Note: When exterior resolution was required but purgation was incorrectly used, Middle Qi is damaged. Food and fluids fail to digest, Liver and Spleen (Wood and Earth) become constrained, and ascending/descending functions reverse. Gancao, Ganjiang, and Dazao tonify the middle and warm lower cold; Banxia, Huangqin, and Huanglian descend rebellion and clear upper heat.

Banxia Xiexin Tang (Pinellia Harmonizing Decoction)
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 3 qian)
Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 1.5 qian)
Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 1.5 qian)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 1.5 qian)
Renshen (Ginseng Root, 1.5 qian)
Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 0.5 qian)
Dazao (Jujube, 2 pieces)
Decoct in water and take orally. Note: After purgation, Middle Qi is deficient, and interior Yin rebels upward forming Glomus (Pi). Renshen, Gancao, Ganjiang, and Dazao warm and tonify the deficiency-cold of the Middle Jiao; Huangqin and Huanglian clear constrained heat in the Upper Jiao; Banxia descends turbid yin and eliminates fullness.

Xuanfu Daizhe Shi Tang (Inula and Hematite Decoction)
Xuanfuhua (Inula Flower, 1.5 qian)
Daizhishi (Hematite, 0.5 qian)
Renshen (Ginseng Root, 1 qian)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 qian)
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 1 qian)
Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 2.5 qian)
Dazao (Jujube, 2 pieces)
Decoct in water and take orally. Note: After sweating, emesis, or purgation, Middle Qi is damaged. Lung Qi constraint steams phlegm-fluids; Stomach Earth obstruction generates hiccups and belching. Renshen, Gancao, and Dazao tonify the Middle Jiao; Shengjiang and Daizhishi descend rebellious qi; Xuanfuhua moves phlegm-fluids and opens constrained turbidity.

Huangqin Jia Banxia Shengjiang Tang (Scutellaria plus Pinellia and Fresh Ginger Decoction)
Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 3 qian)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian)
Shaoyao (Peony Root, 2 qian)
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 2 qian)
Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 3 qian)
Dazao (Jujube, 3 pieces)
Decoct in water and take orally. Note: In combined Taiyang-Shaoyang disease, Shaoyang channel qi is constrained and attacks Stomach Earth (Wu Tu). Stomach qi fails, leading to spontaneous diarrhea. Gancao and Dazao tonify Spleen essence; Huangqin and Shaoyao drain Ministerial Fire; Banxia and Shengjiang descend Stomach rebellion and stop vomiting.

Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction)
Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 1.5 qian)
Gancao (Licorice Root, 1.5 qian)
Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 1.5 qian)
Renshen (Ginseng Root, 0.5 qian)
Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig, 1.5 qian)
Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 1 qian)
Dazao (Jujube, 2 pieces)
Decoct in water and take orally. Note: Liver pathogen attacks Spleen, causing abdominal pain; Gallbladder pathogen attacks Stomach, causing desire to vomit. Huanglian and Banxia clear upper heat and stop vomiting; Renshen, Gancao, Ganjiang, and Dazao warm middle cold and stop pain; Guizhi soothes Wood and unblocks channels.

Ganjiang Huanglian Huangqin Renshen Tang (Dried Ginger, Coptis, Scutellaria, and Ginseng Decoction)
Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, 1.5 qian)
Huangqin (Scutellaria Root, 1.5 qian)
Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome, 1.5 qian)
Renshen (Ginseng Root, 1.5 qian)
Decoct in water and take orally. Note: The Middle Jiao has deficiency-cold, while the Upper Jiao has heat. Ganjiang and Renshen warm and tonify Middle Jiao deficiency-cold; Huanglian and Huangqin clear Lower Jiao deficiency-heat.