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According to *Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Symptoms of All Diseases): Cough is caused by the lung being affected by cold pathogen. If mild, it results in cough. The Lung governs Qi and is connected with the skin and hair. When pathogens first invade, they initially lodge in the skin and hair, causing wheezing with audible sounds; if severe, it leads to spitting blood. In summer, the Heart is affected; symptoms of Heart Cough include pain in the heart region during coughing, a sensation of obstruction in the throat as if something were stuck, and in severe cases, sore throat and throat bi-syndrome. In spring, the Liver is affected; symptoms of Liver Cough include pain under both hypochondria, inability to turn the body in severe cases, and fullness in both lower limbs. During the late summer (the time of extreme Yin), the Spleen is affected; symptoms of Spleen Cough include pain under the right hypochondrium radiating to the back, inability to move in severe cases, and exacerbation of cough upon movement. In winter, the Kidney is affected; symptoms of Kidney Cough include pulling pain between the waist and back, and spitting of saliva in severe cases. These are the five Zang-organ coughs. If cough from the five Zang organs persists for a long time without healing, it transmits to the six Fu organs. Unhealed Spleen Cough affects the Stomach; symptoms of Stomach Cough include coughing with vomiting, and expulsion of roundworms if vomiting is severe. Unhealed Liver Cough affects the Gallbladder; symptoms of Gallbladder Cough include vomiting of bile. Unhealed Lung Cough affects the Large Intestine; symptoms of Large Intestine Cough include coughing with fecal incontinence. Unhealed Heart Cough affects the Small Intestine; symptoms of Small Intestine Cough include coughing with flatus, occurring simultaneously with coughing. Unhealed Kidney Cough affects the Bladder; symptoms of Bladder Cough include coughing with urinary incontinence. Long-standing cough affecting the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) presents with coughing, abdominal fullness, and loss of appetite. These conditions all gather in the Stomach and relate to the Lung, causing excessive phlegm and saliva, facial edema, and rebellious Qi.

*Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) states: Someone asked, "There are ten types of cough diseases, what are they?" The Master said, "There are Wind Cough, Cold Cough, Branch Cough, Liver Cough, Heart Cough..." (The text here contains lacunae or textual corruption, making the subsequent classification incomplete).

*Seng Shen Fang* (Prescriptions of Monk Shen) states: Hot Cough produces sticky sputum resembling maltose syrup; Cold Cough produces clear sputum like water.

*Yi Men Fang* (Medical Gate Prescriptions) states: Cough in wine drinkers inevitably leads to hemoptysis, caused by prolonged sitting and excessive drinking; this is difficult to treat.

*Ji Yao Fang* (Essential Prescriptions) states: This disease has several types: Cold-Heat Cough, Lung Atrophy Cough, Lung Abscess Cough, and Water-Qi Cough. If one has a non-heat nature cough... (text missing)... shortness of breath, abdominal distension and stuffiness. In severe cases, there is a sensation of Qi rushing to the head and face, and general edema of the body; this is Water-Qi Cough.

*Ge Shi Fang* (Prescriptions of Ge) states: Upper Qi asthma with cough, shoulder breathing, inability to lie flat, cold extremities, and facial edema indicate a fatal prognosis.

*Seng Shen Fang* Zi Wan Wan (Aster Pill), treating cough with upper Qi, wheezing, and excessive sputum:
Zi Wan (Radix Asteris), Kuan Dong Hua (Flos Farfarae), Xi Xin (Herba Asari), Gan Pi (Cortex Citri Reticulatae, also known as Ju Pi), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens/Prepared) (each 2 liang).
These five herbs are processed into pills the size of mulberry seeds. Take 3 pills before meals, three times daily.
Another prescription: Make pills the size of cherries. Hold one pill in the mouth and slowly swallow the juice, three times daily. For both new and chronic coughs where the patient cannot lie down day or night, and hears a sound like a water frog in the throat indicating critical condition, use this method.

*Luo Yan Fang* (Verified Prescriptions) Xiao Zi Wan Wan (Small Aster Pill), treating upper Qi, nighttime rebellious cough with abundant turbid sputum:
Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) (2 liang), Gan Pi (Cortex Citri Reticulatae) (2 liang), Xi Xin (Herba Asari) (2 liang), Zi Wan (Radix Asteris) (3 fen), Kuan Dong Hua (Flos Farfarae) (2 liang), Fu Zi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) (2 liang).
Six ingredients are ground into powder, mixed with honey, and formed into pills the size of mulberry seeds. Take 5 pills before meals, twice daily.

Da Zi Wan Wan (Large Aster Pill), treating upper Qi and rebellious cough:
Zi Wan (Radix Asteris) (2 liang), Wu Wei Zi (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis) (2 liang), Ju Pi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae) (2 liang), Xiang Chi (Semen Sojae Preparatum) (2 liang), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) (2 liang), Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (2 liang), Xing Ren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae) (...text missing).
Eleven ingredients are crushed, sifted, mixed with honey, and formed into pills the size of mulberry seeds. Take 5 pills per dose, twice daily. At night, hold one pill the size of an apricot kernel in the mouth and swallow the juice; repeat during the day.

*Cheng Zu Fang* (Prescriptions of Cheng Zu) Xing Ren Wan (Apricot Kernel Pill) for treating upper Qi and cough:
Xing Ren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae) (1 sheng, roasted), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) (2 liang), Xi Xin (Herba Asari) (2 liang), Zi Wan (Radix Asteris) (2 liang), Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (2 liang).
Crush and sift. Process Xing Ren separately into a paste. Mix with honey and form pills the size of a jujube pit. Take one pill three times daily.

*Guang Ji Fang* (Broad Salvation Prescriptions) Gui Xin San (Cinnamon Twig Powder) for treating dry throat, cough, and aphonia:
Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (6 liang), Xing Ren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae) (3 liang).
Crush and sift. Wrap in cotton cloth a amount the size of a jujube pit. Hold in the mouth and slowly swallow the juice, three times daily and twice at night. Avoid raw green onions and greasy foods.

*Fan Wang Fang* Zi Wan Ya Shang Wan (Aster Tooth-Holding Pill) for treating cough:
Zi Wan (Radix Asteris) [1 fen (another version 1 liang)], Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) (1 fen), Fu Zi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) (1 fen), Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (1 fen), Kuan Dong Hua (Flos Farfarae) (1 fen), Xi Xin (Herba Asari) (...text missing).
Six ingredients are ground and sifted, mixed with honey, and formed into pills the size of small beans. Take before meals. Place two pills against the teeth and slowly swallow, twice daily. Increase dosage gradually if ineffective.
Also says: Tou Bei Tang (Throw Cup Decoction) treats chronic cough with upper Qi, cold in the chest, inability to eat or drink, restlessness in bed requiring support to rise, and a water-frog-like sound in the throat...
Kuan Dong Hua (Flos Farfarae) [40 pieces (another version 20 pieces)], Xi Xin (Herba Asari) (1 liang), Zi Wan (Radix Asteris) [2 liang (another version 1 liang)], Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata) [2 liang (another version 3 liang)].
Ten ingredients are cut, boiled in 8 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng. Take before meals, at a comfortable temperature, divided into two doses. Cover warmly to induce sweating, then recover. (Note: *Luo Yan Fang* records: Ma Huang (Herba Ephedrae) 3 liang, Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata) 3 liang, Xing Ren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae) 100 pieces. Three ingredients, cut, boiled in 6 sheng of water until reduced to 2.5 sheng. Divide into three doses before meals.)

*Duan Ju Fang* (Short Drama Prescriptions) Fu Bei Tang (Cover Cup Decoction) for treating cough with upper Qi, breathing requiring rope-pulling, shoulder breathing, and impending death:
Ma Huang (Herba Ephedrae) (4 liang), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata) (2 liang), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) (2 liang), Gui Rou (Cortex Cinnamomi) (2 liang), Bei Mu (Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae) (2 liang).
Five ingredients are boiled in 8 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng. Take twice to cure. (Note: *Fan Wang Fang* records: Miao Guishi's grandson Su, a four-year-old boy, mother... text missing).
Also says: Po Xue Tang (Splashing Snow Decoction) for treating upper Qi, dyspnea preventing lying down, water-frog sound in throat, and impending Qi exhaustion:
Ma Huang (Herba Ephedrae) (4 liang), Xi Xin (Herba Asari) (2 liang), Wu Wei Zi (Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis) (0.5 sheng), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) [4 liang (another version...)], Ban Xia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparata) (4 liang), Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (...text missing).
Six ingredients are boiled in 1 dou of water until reduced to 3 sheng. Divide into doses of 1 sheng. After drinking, one can lie down. Also called Tou Bei Tang. Induce sweating; profuse sweating is favorable. If no sweat... (text missing).
Xing Ren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae) 3 liang, Xi Xin (Herba Asari) 3 liang, Sheng Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) 10 liang, Ban Xia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparata) 4 liang. Seven ingredients boiled in 1 dou of water until reduced to 3 sheng. Divide into three doses. Alternatively, take 5 he (or 7 he) at a time, increasing gradually.)

*Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) states: Cough in wine drinkers inevitably leads to hemoptysis, caused by prolonged sitting and excessive drinking. Treat with Hou Po Da Huang Tang (Magnolia Bark and Rhubarb Decoction).
Hou Po (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis) (1 chi), Da Huang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), Zhi Shi (Fructus Aurantii Immaturus) (4 liang).
Three ingredients boiled in 5 sheng of water until reduced to 2 sheng. Divide into two doses.

*Ben Cao* (Materia Medica) states: For rebellious cough, Lu Sui (Cerebrum Cervi) taken with wine is very effective.
Also says: ...Gao (Ointment/Paste - herb name missing), taken with 3 he of wine, three times daily. Also says: Eating carp meat is beneficial.

*Meng Shen Shi Jing* (Meng Shen's Food Classic) states: Prescription for sudden cough: One pear, pierce 50 holes, insert one grain of pepper into each hole, wrap in dough, and bake in hot ashes... Pepper 7 grains. Boil together, hold in mouth, and swallow.)
Another prescription: Core out a pear, fill with Su Mi (Perilla Honey), wrap in dough, roast until cooked, and eat. Very effective.
Another prescription: Cut pear flesh, place in pear Su, boil, cool, and eat. (Note: *Zhu Si Jian Shi Jing* states: Whenever using pear to treat cough, it must be... text missing).

*Ge Shi Fang* (Prescriptions of Ge) for sudden cough: Zao Jiao (Fructus Gleditsiae Sinensis), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum), Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) in equal parts, crushed and formed into pills. Take 3 pills, three times daily.
Another prescription: Sheng Jiang Zhi (Juice of Fresh Ginger, also called Gan Jiang Zhi), Bai Bu (Radix Stemonae) juice, mixed and boiled. Take 2 he.

*Ji Yan Fang* (Verified Prescriptions) for sudden violent Qi cough with running asthma, inability to sit or lie down, and rattling sound in the throat indicating impending Qi exhaustion:
Ma Huang (Herba Ephedrae) (3 liang), Xing Ren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae) (4 liang), Gan Jiang Ye (Leaf of Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) (2 liang), Zi Zhu Hu (Radix Bupleuri / Radix Peucedani? Text says Zi Zhu Hu, likely referring to Chai Hu or similar root) (4 liang), Ju Pi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae) (2 liang).
Cut, boil in 6 sheng of water until reduced to 2.5 sheng. Divide into three doses.

*Zhang Zhongjing Fang* (Prescriptions of Zhang Zhongjing) Da Zao Wan (Jujube Pill) for thirty-year cough:
Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae) (100 pieces, pitted), Xing Ren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae) (100 pieces, roasted), Chi Dou (Semen Sojae Preparatum) (120 pieces).
Three ingredients. Crush Chi Dou and Xing Ren together, then add Jujube and crush until smooth. Form into pills the size of a jujube pit. Hold in mouth, slowly swallow juice, twice daily.

*Qi Po Fang* (Prescriptions of Qi Po) for thirty-year cough:
Xi Xin (Herba Asari), Zi Wan (Radix Asteris), Ma Huang (Herba Ephedrae), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) (each 4 fen).
Five ingredients ground into powder. Take one fang cun bi (measure) with white drink (rice water), three times daily.

*Xiao Yan Fang* (Effective Prescriptions) Kuan Dong Hua Fen Wan (Kuan Donghua Divided Pill) for thirty-year cough with upper Qi, vomiting, and facial edema:
Xing Ren (Semen Pruni Armeniacae) (3 fen, roasted), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) (3 liang), Gan Pi (Cortex Citri Reticulatae) (1 liang), Ma Huang (Herba Ephedrae) (3 liang), Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata) (2 liang), Kuan Dong Hua (Flos Farfarae) (2 liang).
Six ingredients ground and sifted, mixed with honey, formed into pills the size of mulberry seeds. Take before meals, 3 pills, three times daily.

*Seng Shen Fang* Yuan Hua Jian (Genkwa Decoction) for new and old cough:
Yuan Hua (Flos Genkwa) (2 liang, powdered), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) (2 liang), Bai Mi (Mel) (2 sheng).
Three ingredients added to honey, simmered over low heat. Take one pill the size of a jujube pit, three times daily.

Moxibustion/Fumigation Method for Cough:
*Luo Yan Fang* (Verified Prescriptions) fumigation method for chronic cough: Use one sheet of wax paper. Spread cooked Ai Ye (Herba Artemisiae Argyi) thinly over the paper and fumigate. Huang Mo (Yellow Powder - likely referring to a specific mineral or processed herb, context unclear) 1 liang, Kuan Dong Hua Mo (Powder of Flos Farfarae) 2 fen. Spread previously... (text missing) agent, one... (text missing).

*Qian Shi Fang* (Thousand Food Prescriptions) fumigation method for cough: Thinly spread fine cooked Ai Ye (Herba Artemisiae Argyi) on paper, paper width 4 cun. Then thinly spread Liu Huang (Sulfur) (*Ben Cao* states: Liu Huang is also named...) powder on the paper... (text missing).

Moxibustion Method for Cough:
*Seng Shen Fang* states: Moxibustion at the junction of black and white skin near the lower aspect of both breasts, 100 moxa cones, cured on the same day. (*Fan Wang Fang* agrees).
Another prescription: Measure the circumference of the nipple with a string around the body, ensuring front and back are level. Moxibustion at the midpoint of the breast spine bone separation, 90 cones.
Another prescription: Fold a string horizontally across the mouth. From the spine, moxibustion on both sides of the string, 80 cones. Report completion in three days.
Another prescription: Counting from Da Zhui (GV14), descend to the space between the lower border of the 5th thoracic vertebra and the upper border of the 6th thoracic vertebra. Moxibustion according to age (number of cones equals age). This is also a secret recipe for treating upper Qi.
*Duan Ju Fang* states: Moxibustion at Jian Jing (GB21), 100 cones, located in the depression anterior to the clavicle on the shoulder.
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Da Shu (BL11) according to age, located in the depression 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the first thoracic vertebra.
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Fei Shu (BL13) according to age, located 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the third thoracic vertebra.
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Feng Men (BL12) Re Fu point, 100 cones, located 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the second thoracic vertebra.
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Tian Tu (CV22), 50 cones, located 5 cun below the laryngeal prominence in the depression.
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Yu Tang (CV19), 100 cones, located 1.6 cun below Zi Gong (CV18).
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Dan Zhong (CV17), 50 cones, located 1.6 cun below Yu Tang (CV19), in the depression between the nipples.
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Yun Men (LU2), 50 cones, located 2 cun lateral to Qi Hu (ST15) below the clavicle, 6 cun lateral to Xuan Ji (CV15) horizontally.
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Zhong Fu (LU1), 50 cones, the Front-Mu point of the Lung, located 1 cun below Yun Men (LU2).
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Ju Que (CV14), 50 cones, located 0.5 cun below Jiu Wei (CV15).
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Qi Men (LR14), 50 cones, located 0.5 cun from Ju Que (CV14), taking the point with arms raised. (Above matches *Qianjin Fang*).
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Shu Fu (BL17), located 2 cun lateral to Xuan Ji (CV15).
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Huo Zhong (likely Shen Feng CV16 or similar, text says Huo Zhong), located 1.6 cun below Shu Fu (BL17).
Another prescription: Moxibustion at Qi Hu (ST15), located 4 cun lateral to Xuan Ji (CV15).
*Ge Shi Fang* states: Measure the thumb, fold it in half, and measure the area below the heart (epigastrium). Moxibustion 3 cones will cure.