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Treats latent fire in the Spleen and Stomach, manifesting as dryness of the mouth and lips, oral ulcers, foul breath, irritability, thirst, and a tendency to hunger. The heat resides in the muscle layer (The mouth is the orifice of the Spleen; the lips are the external manifestation of the Spleen. Dryness of the mouth, oral ulcers, and foul breath all belong to Spleen Fire; Spleen Heat causes irritability, thirst, and easy hunger, a condition named "Zhong Xiao" [Middle Consumptive Syndrome]; the Spleen governs the muscles, thus the heat is in the flesh).

[Formula Composition]
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, 4 liang), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba, 7 qian), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus, stir-fried until black, 1 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 5 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 qian).
Grind into powder, lightly stir-fry, and take.

[Explanation]
This formula acts on the Foot-Taiyin Splein Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. Shanzhi clears Heart and Lung Fire, guiding it downward through the small intestine for excretion via urine; Huoxiang regulates Qi in the Spleen and Lungs, removing heat from the Upper Jiao. Its ascending and floating nature helps disperse latent fire in the Spleen and drains Liver Wood within the Earth element (Excessive Wood overacts on Earth; Fangfeng disperses Liver Fire. Wu Hegao stated: One may ask why Huanglian is not used for latent Spleen Fire? I reply that Huanglian is drying. Another question: Since we dislike dryness, why use Fangfeng? I reply: Li Dongyuan said that Fangfeng is a moistening wind herb, hence its use).

Qian Yi's Xiehuang San: Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 1.5 qian), Shihu (Dendrobii Caulis, 1.2 qian), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 1 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.7 qian).
It treats the same conditions as above; or when there is wrinkling and cracking of the lips and mouth (The brilliance of the Spleen manifests in the lips. Wrinkling indicates movement/change; cracking indicates Fire. Baizhi and Shengma are Yangming herbs; Fangfeng dispels wind and scatters Spleen Fire. Since dryness is located at the lips and mouth, its nature is followed by ascending and dispersing; Huangqin drains heat from the Middle and Upper Jiao; Zhike promotes the flow of Qi in the Middle and Upper Jiao; Banxia can both dry dampness and moisten, release the exterior and open depression; Shihu clears the Spleen, harmonizes the Stomach, reduces fever, and tonifies deficiency; Gancao harmonizes the Spleen and also drains fire. This also embodies the principle of "dispersing constrained Fire").

Analysis of various herbs for treating oral diseases:
If Spleen Heat causes a sweet taste in the mouth, use Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) to drain Spleen Fire, and Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) and Laifuzi (Raphani Semen) to resolve food stagnation;
If Liver Heat causes a sour taste, use Huanglian and Longdancao (Gentianae Radix) to drain Liver Fire;
If Heart Heat causes a bitter taste, use Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Longdancao, Huangqin, and Huanglian to drain Heart Fire;
If Lung Heat causes a pungent taste, use Huangqin and Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) to drain Lung Fire;
Shaoyao drains the Spleen, Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix) clears the Heart;
If Kidney Heat causes a salty taste, use Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) and Wu [missing character] Gu to drain Kidney Fire;
If Stomach Heat causes a bland taste, use Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Banxia, and Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) to dry the Spleen and overcome dampness;
If the mouth feels astringent, use Huangqin to drain fire, Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) to generate fluids, Fangfeng and Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) to disperse wind, Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus) and Fuling to move phlegm.