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Commentary states: *Longmu Lun* (Treatise on Dragon and Wood) records that internal cataracts can transform into Qingmang (Green Blindness). At the onset, vision is dim but without pain or itching, and there are no membranes obstructing the view. Until complete blindness occurs, it appears similar to a person without disease from the outside. Thus, it is known that the manifestation of Qingmang involves no obvious external signs; although the pupil is clear and distinct, the patient cannot see objects. This is due to the deficiency of Qi in the Liver and Kidney, and the decline of Essence and Blood, which fail to nourish the eyes upward, resulting in blindness and the inability to see. The Classics state: "Liver Qi connects with the eyes"; when the eyes are harmonious, one can distinguish black and white. Health preservation texts mention blocking old well water channels to cause blindness, but this is not the root cause.

Treatment for Qingmang, cataracts, and accumulated heat: as long as the pupil is not damaged, all cases are curable. Formula for Returning Vision Powder (Huanjing San):
Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Xixin (Asarum Root), Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen, stir-fried), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristled), Xiong (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Fupenzi (Rubi Fructus), Difuzi (Kochiae Scopariae Herba), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-stamen), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix, de-heart), Chongweizi (Leonuri Fructus), Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, de-cortex), Jili (Tribuli Fructus, stir-fried), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, de-cortex, processed with ginger juice and cut), Huaishi (Morus albae Fructus), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, de-heart and baked), Baiziren (Biota Seed), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Shuqi (Patriniae Herba), Baifuling (Poria, de-black skin), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, de-root nodes, boiled in water to remove foam), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, sliced), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, de-black heart), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, cracked, de-skin and navel), Ximaozi (Thlaspidis Herba), Gouqizi (Lycii Fructus), Yuyuliang (Haematitum, quenched in vinegar, each 1 liang).
The above thirty ingredients are crushed, sifted, and made into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mixed with white rice drink before meals, twice daily. Gradually increase to 3 qianbi.

Treatment for all types of blurred vision and cataracts approaching Qingmang, regardless of new or old onset: Formula for Reaching the Sage Pill (Disheng Wan):
Jia Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos, de-pedicle and calyx, take stamen and bake, 4 liang), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, cracked, de-skin and navel, cut to size of finger nail, 1 liang), Jili (Tribuli Fructus, stir-fried, de-spines, 2 liang), Rongshong (Cynomorii Herba, washed clean, soaked in wine overnight, sliced and baked), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, sliced, wrapped in paper and baked, each 1 liang).
The above five ingredients are mixed with 2.5 sheng of unfermented wine, placed in a silver or earthenware vessel, covered tightly, and steamed in a rice steamer from morning until dusk. Remove, bake dry, crush, and sift into powder. If there is remaining medicinal wine, cook yellow millet into paste. Form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Add wine if necessary to make paste. Take 30 pills at midnight and before sleep, downed with strong decoction of locust branch water.

Treatment for internal and external cataracts, Qingmang, and night blindness, with black flowers and white films in the eyes, lasting over ten years with no light seen: effective within one month. Formula for Sheep Liver Pill (Yanggan Wan):
Jie Yanggan (Male Sheep Liver, one piece, sliced thin, dried over mild fire and powdered), Ruiren (Buckwheat Fruit, 1 liang), Jinwen Banjiu (Brocade-patterned Dove, one piece, de-head, feet, intestines, meat dried and powdered), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-stamen), Xixin (Asarum Root, de-leaf), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristle), Qumai (Dianthi Herba), Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, de-cortex), Jili (Tribuli Fructus, stir-fried, de-spine), Gan Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Muli (Ostreae Concha, calcined to powder, each 5 liang), Manjingzi (Viticis Fructus, 2 sheng, steamed 5-7 times), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, de-rhizome, 3 liang), Baifuling (Poria, de-black skin, 4 liang), Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen, stir-fried, 3 liang).
The above fifteen ingredients: twelve are crushed and sifted into powder. Add sheep liver, dove, and oyster powders. Grind uniformly in a mortar. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills after meals and before sleep, downed with tea water.

Treatment for Qingmang where objects cannot be seen, or phlegm-heat generates films like fly wings covering the eye: Formula for Decocting Brightness Powder (Jueming San):
Shijueming (Haliotidis Concha), Caojue ming (Cassiae Semen), Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen), Shetui (Bombyx Batryticatus, roasted), Xixin (Asarum Root, de-leaf), Jingquanshi (Well Spring Stone), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, equal parts).
The above seven ingredients are pounded in a wooden mortar and sifted into powder. Take one pig liver, remove gallbladder and membrane, wash clean, and drain. Use a bamboo knife to slice longitudinally along the liver veins. Insert 1 liang of the powder into the slices, tie securely with thread, place in a raw silk bag, and tie again. Boil in a clay pot with rice washing water. Add a handful of green bamboo leaves, a handful of Goji root, and three measures of black beans. Cook until the liver is done. Remove, cool, slice thinly with a bamboo knife after meals, eat, and swallow with the original cooking liquid. For chronic cases, three livers show effect. Keep clean; do not touch iron.

Treatment for seeing black flowers and flying flies, astringency, pain, dimness, gradually turning into Qingmang: Formula for Buckwheat Fruit Pill (Ruiren Wan):
Ruiren (Buckwheat Fruit, de-skin), Difuzi (Kochiae Scopariae Herba), Shijueming (Haliotidis Concha, washed and separately pounded/sifted), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Xixin (Asarum Root, de-leaf), Digupi (Lycii Cortex, de-soil), Baifuling (Poria, de-black skin), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, each 2 liang), Chushi (Broussonetiae Fructus, 3 liang), Shidan (Melanteritum, ground to powder, half liang), Kongqing (Azurite, separately ground to powder), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristle, each 1.5 liang), Shugan Dihuang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, baked, 3 fen), Liyu Dan (Carp Gallbladder, five pieces), Qingyang Dan (Blue Goat Gallbladder, one piece).
The above fifteen ingredients: except for the bile and those to be ground, finely chop, bake, crush, and sift into powder. Mix with ground ingredients. Combine with bile and refined honey to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 20 pills after meals and before sleep, downed with rice drink, twice daily.

Treatment for Qingmang without redness or pain, only inability to see, tonifying Kidney, Formula for Returning Vision Pill (Huanjing Wan):
Shanyu (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Bajitian (Morindae Officinalis Radix, de-heart), Tusizi (Cuscutae Semen, soaked in wine and separately ground to powder), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Chenmian (Aged Flour, lightly fried yellow), Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex, de-cortex, fried with fat until smoke ceases), Shugan Dihuang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, baked), Sangshang Jisheng (Taxilli Herba), Xuduan (Dianthi Radix, each 1 liang), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, de-leaf, soaked in wine, sliced, baked), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus), Duohuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, de-leaf, each 3 fen), Rongshong (Cynomorii Herba, soaked in water, washed, baked, 1.5 liang).
The above thirteen ingredients: except flour, crush and sift into powder. Add flour and refined honey to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills on an empty stomach with warm wine.

Treatment for dim vision, dizziness, falling, or recovery of sight after two to three days, irregular onset, becoming chronic Qingmang: Formula for Tianxiong Powder (Tianxiong San):
Tianxiong (Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix, cracked, de-skin and navel), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus), Xiong (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix, de-heart), Duohuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, de-rhizome), Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, de-cortex), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, sliced), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood, de-wood), Caocao (Polygoni Citrati Folium, each half liang), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristle, 3 fen), Shanyu (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, 3 liang).
The above thirteen ingredients are crushed and sifted into powder. Take 1 qianbi on an empty stomach, mixed with sweet chrysanthemum wine. Take again after meals, three times daily. Gradually increase to 2 qianbi.

Treatment for vertigo and dim vision, approaching Qingmang: Formula for Antelope Horn Decoction (Lingyangjiao Tang):
Lingyangjiao (Saiga Tataricae Cornu, shaved, 2 liang), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, de-rhizome), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, de-black heart), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristle), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix, each 1.5 liang), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen).
The above ten ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Take 3 qianbi per dose, with 1 sheng of water, decoct to 0.7 sheng. Strain and take after meals and before sleep, twice daily.

Treatment for Liver Heat rushing to eyes causing redness, blurred vision, chronic Qingmang with no sight: Formula for Alisma Decoction (Zexie Tang):
Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, soaked in water, de-skin and tip, double kernel, ground), Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen, slightly stir-fried), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, sliced and stir-fried), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, de-black heart), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, de-pulp and bran, stir-fried), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, each 1 liang), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Chifuling (Poria, de-black skin), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, de-cortex), Xixin (Asarum Root, de-leaf), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, each half liang), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, de-leaf, 4 liang), Sanggenbaipi (Mori Radicis Cortex, sliced and roasted, 2 liang), Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen, 1 liang).
The above eighteen ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Take 5 qianbi per dose, with 1.5 sheng of water, add 0.5 fen of smashed fresh ginger, decoct together to 1 sheng. Strain, add Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, half qianbi), let cool, take after meals and before sleep, twice daily.

Treatment for dim vision, approaching Qingmang: Formula for Poria with Hostwood Decoction (Fushen Tang):
Fushen (Poria with Hostwood, de-wood), Shanyu (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix, de-heart), Rongshong (Cynomorii Herba, soaked in wine, de-wrinkled skin, sliced, baked), Digupi (Lycii Cortex), Manjingshi (Viticis Fructus), Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen), Lingyangjiao (Saiga Tataricae Cornu, shaved), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, each half liang), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Gan Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos, each 3 fen).
The above eleven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Take 3 qianbi per dose, with 1 sheng of water, decoct to 0.7 sheng. Strain and take after meals and before sleep, twice daily.

Treatment for Liver and Kidney Deficiency, Wind attacking eyes causing redness, dim vision, gradually becoming Qingmang: Formula for Bupleuri Decoction (Shengma Tang):
Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, de-heart and baked), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Baiyang Keping (Populus tomentosa Bark), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, de-leaf), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-stamen, each 1 liang), Xijiao (Rhino CeratUs, shaved, 1.5 liang), Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen, stir-fried), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, each half liang), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, de-black heart, 2 liang), Digupi (Lycii Cortex, 3 liang).
The above twelve ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Take 3 qianbi per dose, with 1 sheng of water, decoct to 0.7 sheng. Strain, let cool, take after meals and before sleep, twice daily.

Treatment for eyes about to become Qingmang: Formula for Lily Decoction (Baihe Tang):
Zhenzhu Mo (Pearl Powder, 3 fen), Huhuanglian (Picrorhizae Rhizoma, 3 fen), Shijueming (Haliotidis Concha, 3 liang, crushed, finely ground, water-washed), Difuzi (Kochiae Scopariae Herba, 1 liang), Hupo (Amber, 3 fen), Tianlinggai (Human Cranium, 3 fen, calcined to ash), Zhu Mu Gan (Sow Liver, 0.5 liang, sliced and dried).
The above seven ingredients are crushed and sifted into powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose, mixed with warm water after meals. Take again before sleep, twice daily.

Treatment for chronic Qingmang not healing: Suitable to take Ox Liver Powder:
Huang Niu Gan (Yellow Ox Liver, one piece, finely cut and sun-dried), Tugegen (Trichosanthes Kirilowii Radix, 3 liang), Lingyangjiao Xie (Saiga Tataricae Cornu Shavings, 2 liang), Ruiren (Buckwheat Fruit, 1 liang, soaked in water, de-red skin), Xixin (Asarum Root, de-leaf, 1 liang), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen, 2 liang).
The above six ingredients are crushed and sifted into fine powder. Take 2 qianbi per dose on an empty stomach, mixed with warm wine.

Treatment for Liver Deficiency Cold, Qingmang, unclear vision, gradually developing cataracts: Formula for Saposhnikovia Supplement Decoction (Fangfeng Bu Jian):
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-leaf), Baixianpi (Dictamni Cortex), Chenju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, de-albedo), Xiong (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted), Duohuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, de-rhizome), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, de-rhizome), Xixin (Asarum Root, de-leaf, each 1 liang).
The above eight ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Take 5 qianbi per dose, with 1.5 sheng of water, two dates split open, decoct together to 1 sheng. Strain, let cool, take warm.

Treatment for Liver Deficiency Cold, vast inability to see, Eye Drops Pearl Decoction:
Zhenzhu (Pearl, finely ground, 1 fen), Liyu Dan (Carp Gallbladder, two pieces), Baimi (White Honey, 2 liang).
The above three ingredients are combined in a copper vessel, simmered over low heat until reduced by half. Filter through new cotton cloth, store in porcelain bottle. Dip copper stick into amount the size of millet grain, apply to eye. Tears will flow. Frequent application leads to cure.

Treatment for Qingmang and internal/external cataracts, caused by childhood tearing, prolonged viewing damaging vision, post-fever red eyes, trauma causing pterygium, ingestion of mineral drugs causing heat sores, smoke/fire injury causing squinting, photophobia, inability to distinguish colors at distance, or ulcerating eyes: Formula for Filling Eye Pill (Tianjing Wan):
Shijueming (Haliotidis Concha, one piece, washed and separately pounded), Baiyangqishi (Yangqi Stone, steamed over drinking water five times, ground), Cishi (Magnetitum, steamed over rice five times, ground), Chenju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in water, de-albedo, baked), Zhizi Hua (Gardeniae Flos), Rongshong (Cynomorii Herba, de-wrinkled skin, sliced, baked), Heishi Zhi (Black Earth Lipid, steamed over rice five times, ground), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, sliced, baked), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, de-cortex, ginger juice processed and cut), Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, de-black heart), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted and cut), Baifuling (Poria, de-black skin), Gui (Cinnamomi Ramulus, de-cortex), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, de-bristle), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, de-skin and tip, double kernel, stir-fried and ground, each 2 liang), Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Shenggan Dihuang (Raw Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, baked, each 8 liang), Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum, ground, 1 fen), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-stamen), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, de-heart and baked), Huaizi (Morus albae Fructus, stir-fried), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, de-cortex), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Ruxiang (Olibanum, ground, each 4 liang), Ruiren (Buckwheat Fruit), Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen, each 3 liang), Wuzheyu Gu (Sepiae Endoconcha, de-shell and saltiness, 1 liang).
The above thirty ingredients are crushed and ground to powder. Mix with refined honey and pound 30,000 times. Form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 6 pills on an empty stomach with rice drink. Eat immediately after taking medicine. Take 10 more pills after meal. Gradually increase to 20 pills. Increase after meals, not before. After meals, also take downed with milk decoction. For two years, avoid five pungent spices, hot noodles, and stale foods. For one year, avoid sheep head, liver, tripe, donkey, horse, rabbit meat, and poisonous fish.

Treatment for internal cataract Qingmang with halos, regardless of cold/heat/wind/tears, as long as pupil is intact: Formula for Azurite and Cassia Ointment (Kongqing Jueming Gao):
Kongqing (Azurite, ground extremely fine, 1 liang), Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen, horse-hoof type, stir-fried), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, roasted, each 1 fen), Ruiren (Buckwheat Fruit), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, de-black heart, each 3 fen), Baimi (Good White Honey, 2 sheng), Xixin (Asarum Root, de-leaf), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, de-cortex), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, de-stamen, each half liang).
The above ten ingredients: nine are crushed and ground to powder. Mix with honey in copper vessel. Cover tightly to prevent air leakage. Place vessel on top of 5 sheng of rice and steam until rice is cooked. While hot, filter through cotton cloth. Store in porcelain bottle. Apply to eye with copper stick. For chronic Qingmang, vision returns after 20 days of application. After every two days of application, use Head Rubbing Ointment.

Treatment for Qingmang eye, pupil clear, no membrane, no pain or itching, internal cataract with no sight: Formula for Atractylodes Pill (Cangzhu Wan):
Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, soaked in rice water), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, de-black heart), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Gancao (Licorice Root), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Xixin (Asarum Root, de-leaf), Xiong (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix), Baifuling (Poria, de-black skin), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus, de-heart), Shijueming (Haliotidis Concha, scraped and washed clean), Chongweizi (Leonuri Fructus, each 1 liang).
The above thirteen ingredients are finely chopped, baked, crushed, and sifted into powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 30 pills after meals with warm water. Take again before sleep.

Treatment for Qingmang: Black Chicken Pill:
Take tender tops of Yellow荆 (Vitex negundo) in early spring, steam nine times and sun-dry nine times, take half jin. Take one pure black hen, feed with rice for five days, place on clean board, feed with hemp seeds for another one or two days. Collect feces, sun-dry. Put half into clean porcelain bottle, stew until fragrant and yellow. Then mix with荆 tops, grind to powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 15 pills, downed with aged rice drink. Increase to 20 pills, twice daily.

Treatment for Qingmang, if pupil is undamaged, nine out of ten recover: Vitex Fruit Powder:
Take 6 sheng of Vitex fruit, steam thoroughly. Pour hot water over it in steamer, steam and pour repeatedly, stop after three cycles. Bake dry, crush and sift into fine powder. Take one cubic inch spoonful with clear wine, twice daily.

Treatment for sudden loss of vision, resembling Qingmang:
Have someone chew mature ginger thoroughly, lick the eye with tongue. Do this six or seven times, then it heals.

Treatment for Qingmang, unable to see anything: Formula for Five Leaves Climber Decoction (Wujiapi Tang):
Wujiapi (Acanthopanacis Cortex, sliced), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Sanggenbaipi (Mori Radicis Cortex, sliced), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, de-heart and baked, each 1 liang), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood, de-wood, half liang).
The above five ingredients are coarsely crushed and sieved. Take 5 qianbi per dose, with 1.5 sheng of water, decoct to 0.7 sheng. Strain, add Jingli (Miscanthus sap, half he), boil once more. Let cool, take after meals and before sleep.

Treatment for internal cataract Qingmang, wind-red cataracts: Pig Liver Ointment:
Zhugan (Pig Liver, one piece, boiled with water and herbs in clean pan), Zhendouhua (Vigna angularis Flower), Huaihua (Sophorae Flos), Dihuanghua (Rehmanniae Flos, each 1 liang).
The above four ingredients: the last three are crushed and sifted into powder. Mix with liver and boil for one hour. Scrape off the solidified fat film that forms on top. Warm in porcelain bowl. Collect the butter-like flakes into porcelain box. Apply to eye with copper stick.

Treatment for Qingmang Locust Bud Powder:
Huaima (Locust Bud), Huhuanglian (Picrorhizae Rhizoma), Yangmeiqing (Myrica rubra Green, each 1 liang), Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum, ground, 1 qian).
The above four ingredients are crushed and sifted into powder. Blow into left or right nostril according to condition. Wait for yellow fluid to discharge from nose. Heal within a few days.