（凡二百四十首 添加）
人参味甘，大补元气，止渴生津，调荣养胃。（肺热并阴虚火动者禁用。）黄 性温，敛汗固表，托里生
肌，气虚莫少。（得防风其功愈大。）白术甘温，健脾强胃，止泻除湿，消痰化痞。（凡用，须土炒之。）茯
苓味淡，渗湿利窍，白补脾元，赤通水道。（阴虚者勿用。）甘草味甘，调和诸药，炙则温中，生则泻火。
（解百药毒，中满者勿用。）当归性温，使血归经，扶虚益损，逐瘀生新。（头，止血，上行；身，养血，中
守；尾，破血，下流；全，活血，不走。）川芎味辛，诸风可逐，逐瘀调经，清利头目。（不宜单服、久服，
令人暴亡。）白芍酸寒，养阴益肝，收敛耗散，虚痢可安。（初痢、积痢勿用。）赤芍酸寒，能泻能散，破血
通经，赤睛功擅。生地黄寒，能清湿热，骨蒸可痊，滋阴补血。熟地黄温，滋肾补血，益髓填精，乌髭黑发。
（上二味，俱勿犯铁。）麦门冬温，祛烦解渴，润肺清心，消除肺热。天门冬寒，止嗽消痰，肺痈肺痿，解渴
除烦。黄连味苦，泻心除痞，清热明目，浓肠止痢。（生用泻心清热；酒炒浓肠胃；姜制止呕吐。）黄芩苦寒，
枯泻肺火，子清大肠，湿热皆可。（中枯而飘者，泻上焦之火；条实而坚者，退下部之热。）黄柏味苦，滋阴
抑火，湿热烦蒸，用之俱妥。栀子苦寒，解郁除烦，吐红鼻衄，肺火能蠲。（丹溪云∶栀子解热郁，行结气，
其性屈曲下行，从小便泄去。）连翘苦寒，解诸经毒，上至顶颠，下行腿足。石膏大寒，能清胃火，发渴头疼，
解肌立妥。滑石沉寒，解渴除烦，清暑利窍，转危就安。知母味苦，泻火滋肾，有汗骨蒸，虚劳可定。贝母微
寒，宁嗽消痰，肺痈肺痿，开郁除烦。大黄苦寒，消瘀破血，快膈通肠，开行结热。（酒炒上
达；生用下行。）芒硝苦寒，实热积聚，蠲痰润燥，疏通便闭。（即朴硝，因再煎炼，倾入盆内，结成芒硝也。）
柴胡味苦，泻肝治疟，寒热往来，解肌要药。前胡微寒，止嗽消痰，寒热头痛，痞闷能安。升麻微寒，清胃止
衄，升提下陷，齿痛可逐。桔梗性平，宽舒胸胁，载药上浮，诸药舟辑。（其功又能止咽喉肿痛。）紫苏味辛，
风寒发表，梗利周身，气滞最好。麻黄味辛，解表出汗，身热头疼，风寒发散。（止汗用其根节。）葛根味甘，
发表解肌，身身热目痛，口渴可医。（善能解酒毒。）薄荷味辛，清利头目，祛风化痰，骨蒸可服。防风甘温，
诸风头晕，骨节痹疼，筋挛口噤。荆芥味辛，头目可清，诸风在表，服此通灵。细辛辛温，少阴头痛，利窍通
关，风湿皆用。羌活微温，祛风除湿，身痛头疼，舒筋活骨。独活甘平，头项难舒，两足湿痹，诸风能除。白
芷辛温，阳明头痛，女子崩中，百发百中。 本气温，除痛颠顶，寒湿可祛，风邪可屏。香附味苦，快气开
郁，止痛调经，更消宿食。（为妇人之仙药，勿犯铁。）乌药辛温，心腹胀痛，气滞不舒，方中议用。枳实味
苦，除痞消食，破积化痰，冲墙倒壁。枳壳微温，宽肠快气，胸膈不舒，方中可议。青皮苦寒，安脾下食，气
滞能攻，平肝削积。陈皮甘温，顺气宽膈，和胃全施，消痰去白。（陈皮治高，愈高愈效；青皮治低，愈低愈
良。）苍术甘温，健脾燥湿，发汗宽中，更祛瘴疫。浓朴苦温，消胀泄满，宿食痰积，其功不缓。南星性热，
大治风痰，破伤自强，风搐皆安。半夏味辛，健脾燥湿，痰厥头疼，吐呕堪入。藿香辛温，霍乱暑湿，发散风
寒，仍除呕逆。槟榔味苦，杀虫破积，后重里急，性如铁石。腹皮微温，下气宽膨，安和脾胃，浮肿为君。上
二味，稍虚者禁用。香薷味辛，大清暑热，下水消烦，功效甚捷。扁豆微凉，转筋吐泻，补脾和中，酒毒可借。
猪苓味淡，利水通淋，消肿除湿，用
之如神。泽泻寒苦，消肿利水，除湿通淋，泻阴中火。（肾虚之人，不宜多服。）木通性寒，最能导滞，利窍
通经，小肠热闭。车前气寒，溺涩眼赤，小便能通，大便能实。地骨皮寒，解肌退热，有汗骨蒸，强阴凉血。
木瓜味酸，脚肿风湿，霍乱转筋，足膝无力。威灵苦温，腰膝冷痛，肢节顽麻，风湿通用。牡丹皮苦，破血通
经，血分有热，无汗骨蒸。玄参苦寒，泻无根火，消肿清咽，骨蒸亦可。沙参味苦，大清肺热，咳血吐脓，用
之效捷。丹参味苦，破积调经，生新祛瘀，补骨续筋。苦参味苦，痈肿疮疥，下血肠风，眉脱赤癞。龙胆苦寒，
退热平肝，目疾暴发，用之顿安。五加皮寒，祛除风湿，肢节烦疼，壮筋强骨。防己气寒，风湿脚痛，热积膀
胱，汤中可用。地榆性平，治女人崩，下血诸证，赖以安宁。（血痢有积者勿用。）茯神补心，善镇惊悸，恍
惚健忘，兼除怒恚。远志气温，能宁心志，久服聪明，令人多记。酸枣味酸，敛汗祛烦，不眠用炒，生用多眠。
菖蒲性温，开心通窍，去痹除风，出声至妙。柏子仁甘，补心益气，敛汗扶阳，润肠通闭。益智辛温，安神益
气，遗溺遗精，呕逆皆治。甘松气香，善除恶气，浴体香肌，心腹痛已。小茴性温，能除疝气，腹痛腰疼，调
中暖胃。大茴味辛，疝气香港脚，肿痛膀胱，止呕开胃。干姜味苦，表解风寒，炮之逐冷，虚热尤堪。附子辛热，
走而不守，阴毒寒邪，回阳功有。川乌大热，搜风入骨，湿痹寒疼，破积之物。木香微温，散滞和胃，诸气能
调，行肝泻肺。沉香降气，能补命门，祛邪暖胃，保守元真。丁香辛热，能除寒呕，心腹冷疼，温胃功有。砂
仁性温，通经破滞，止痛安胎，健脾养胃。莲肉味甘，健脾理胃，止泻涩精，清心养气。肉桂辛热，善通血脉，
腹痛虚寒，温补可得。桂枝小梗，横行手臂，和胃舒筋，治手足痹。吴茱萸热，能调疝气，脐
腹寒疼，厥阴之剂。延胡索温，心腹卒疼，通经活血，消瘀之君。薏苡仁甘，专除湿痹，筋脉拘挛，调脾助胃。
白豆蔻温，脾胃虚冷，泻痢不休，功可立等。草豆蔻温，寒邪犯胃，呕吐恶心，用之即愈。诃子味苦，涩肠
止痢，痰嗽喘急，降火敛肺。草果味辛，消食除胀，截疟逐痰，解瘟辟胀。常山苦寒，截疟蠲痰，解伤寒热，
水胀能宽。良姜性热，下气温中，转筋霍乱，酒食能攻。山楂味甘，磨消肉食，结气能行，削除坚积。神曲味
甘，消食开胃，破结逐痰，调中下气。麦芽甘温，能消宿食，心腹膨胀，散滞消积。苏子味辛，呕痰降气，止
咳定喘，更润心肺。白芥子辛，专化胁痰，皮里膜外，痞块能安。甘遂苦寒，破积消痰，面浮蛊胀，利水能安。
大戟甘寒，逐水利便，肿胀症坚，其功瞑眩。芫花寒苦，能消胀蛊，利水泻湿，止咳痰吐。商陆辛甘，赤白各
异，赤者消肿，白利水气。海藻咸寒，消瘿散 ，咸以软坚，肿块痰核。牵牛苦寒，积水能攻，诸虫 癖，可
奏神功。葶苈苦辛，利水消肿，痰咳 瘕，肺家喘壅。瞿麦辛寒，专除淋病，且能堕胎，通经立应。三棱味苦，
破血消癖，气滞作疼，用之始的。蓬术温苦，止痛消瘀， 瘕 癖，通经最宜。五灵脂苦，血瘀心疼，通经活
血，用之极灵。干漆辛温，通经破瘕，追积杀虫，验如奔马。蒲黄味甘，逐瘀调崩，止血用炒，破血用生。苏
木甘咸，能行积血，产后月经，兼医扑跌。桃仁甘寒，能润大肠，通经破瘀，血瘕堪尝。红花辛温，能消瘀结，
多则通经，少则养血。姜黄味辛，消瘀破血，心腹 疼，通经最捷。郁金味苦，破血生肌，血淋溺血，郁结皆
舒。金银花甘，疗痈无对，未成则散，已成则溃。漏芦性寒，祛恶疮毒，补血排脓，生肌长肉。蒺藜味苦，疗
疮瘙痒，白癜头疮，翳除目朗。白芨味苦，功专收敛，肿毒疮疡，外科最善。
蛇床辛苦，下气温中，恶疮疥癞，逐瘀祛风。天麻味辛，能医头眩，小儿惊痫，拘挛瘫痪。白附辛温，治面百
病，一切痰涎，中风诸证。全蝎味辛，却风痰毒，口眼 斜，惊痫抽搐。蝉蜕味甘，消风定惊，杀疳除热，退
翳侵睛。僵蚕味咸，诸风惊痫，湿痰喉痹，灭疮瘢痕。木鳖苦寒，能追疮毒，乳痈腰疼，消肿明目。蜂房咸苦，
惊痫螈 ，牙疼肿毒，瘰 肠痈。白花蛇毒，瘫痪 斜，大风疥癞，诸毒尤佳。槐花味苦，痔漏肠风，大肠热
痢，更杀蛔虫。鼠粘味辛，能消疮毒，瘾疹风热，咽疼可逐。茵陈味苦，退疸除黄，渗湿利水，清热为凉。蔓
荆子苦，头痛能医，拘挛湿痹，泪眼堪除。马兜铃苦，能熏痔漏，定喘消痰，肺热久嗽。百合味甘，功专补肺，
喘嗽虚劳，其效立致。秦艽性平，除湿荣筋，肢节风痛，下血骨蒸。紫菀苦辛，痰嗽喘气，肺痿吐脓，寒热并
济。款冬花甘，理肺消痰，肺痈喘嗽，补劣除烦。金沸草寒，消痰止嗽，明目祛风，奇功立奏。桑白皮甘，止
嗽定喘，泻肺火邪，其功不浅。杏仁温苦，风痰喘嗽，大肠气闭，用之可救。乌梅酸温，收敛肺气，止渴生津，
和脾开胃。天花粉寒，清肺清痰，排脓消肿，止渴祛烦。蜜蒙花寒，功可明目，障翳青盲，服之效速。菊花甘
寒，除热祛风，头眩眼赤，收泪殊功。木贼草甘，明目退翳，开瞽复明，必用之剂。决明子甘，能除肝热，目
疼收泪，仍止鼻血。犀角酸寒，化毒辟邪，清心止血，消肿毒蛇。羚羊角寒，明目清肝，却惊解毒，神智能安。
龟甲味甘，滋阴补肾，逐瘀续筋，更医颅囟。鳖甲酸平，劳嗽骨蒸，散瘀祛痞，补肾滋阴。海螵蛸咸，破血除
症，生肌长肉，溃烂疮疼。麻仁味甘，下乳催生，润肠通闭，小水能行。山豆根苦，疗咽肿痛，敷蛇虫毒，可
救急用。益母草甘，女科之主，产后胎前，生新祛瘀。紫草苦寒，能通九
窍，利水消膨，痘疹最要。地肤子寒，去膀胱热，皮肤瘙痒，除热甚捷。苦楝根寒，能杀诸虫，疼痛即止，积
聚立通。樗根味苦，泻痢带崩，肠风痔漏，燥湿涩精。泽兰味苦，产后血晕，肢体虚浮，打扑伤损。牙皂味辛，
通关利窍，敷肿痛消，吐风痰妙。瓜蒂苦寒，善能吐痰，消身浮肿，并治黄胆。巴豆大毒，破瘕通肠，逐冷祛
寒，斩关夺将。斑毛有毒，破血通经，诸疮瘰 ，水道能行。胡黄连苦，治劳骨蒸，小儿疳痢，盗汗虚惊。使
君子温，消疳清浊，泻痢诸虫，总能除却。赤石脂温，保固肠胃，溃疡生肌，涩止泻痢。青黛酸寒，能平肝木，
惊痫疳痢，兼除热毒。阿胶甘温，止咳脓血，保肺除崩，虚羸可啜。白矾味酸，善解诸毒，一切痰壅，鼻中
肉。五倍苦酸，疗齿疳 ，痔漏脱肛，兼除风湿。玄明粉辛，能蠲宿垢，化积豁痰，其功立奏。通草味甘，善
利膀胱，消痈散肿，能通乳房。枸杞甘温，添精固髓，明目祛风，阴同阳起。黄精味甘，安和脏腑，五劳七伤，
此药大补。何首乌甘，添精种子，黑发悦颜，长生不死。五味酸温，生津止渴，人嗽虚劳，金水枯竭。山茱萸
温，涩精益髓，肾虚耳鸣，腰膝痛止。（去核用，其核反能泄精。）石斛味甘，却惊定志。壮骨补虚，筋力衰
替。破故纸温，腰膝酸痛，同阳固精，相火禁用。薯蓣甘温，理脾止泻，益肾补中，诸虚可借。苁蓉味甘，峻
补精血，若骤用之，反动便滑。菟丝甘平，梦遗滑精，腰疼膝冷，添髓强筋。杜仲辛甘，小便淋沥，益肾固精，
止痛腰膝。牛膝味苦，除湿痿痹，壮骨强筋，破胎下瘀。巴戟辛甘，大补虚损，精滑梦遗，扶元固本。龙骨味
甘，遗精梦泄，崩漏带下，惊痫风热。葫巴温暖，补肾脏虚，膀胱诸疝，胀痛皆除。鹿茸甘温，益气滋阴，泄
精尿血，崩带堪任。牡蛎微寒，涩精止汗，崩带胁疼，老痰祛散。川楝子苦，专治疝气，
中湿伤寒，利水之剂。虎骨味辛，能医脚膝，定痛追风，强筋壮骨。萆 味苦，风寒湿痹，腰背冷疼，添精益
气。桑寄生苦，腰痛顽麻，续筋壮骨，风湿尤佳。续断味辛，接骨续筋，跌打伤损，且固遗精。麝香辛热，善
通关窍，伐鬼堕胎，镇惊甚妙。乳香辛温，疗诸恶疮，生肌止痛，心腹犹良。没药温平，治疮止痛，跌打损伤，
破血通用。阿魏性温，除 破结，消癖杀虫，传尸可灭。水银性寒，治疥杀虫，断绝胎孕，催生立通。灵砂性
温，能通血脉，杀鬼辟邪，安魂定魄。砒霜有毒，风痰可吐，截疟除哮，能消沉痼。雄黄甘辛，辟邪解毒，更
治蛇虺，喉风 肉。珍珠气寒，镇惊除痫，开聋磨翳，止渴消痰。牛黄味苦，大治风痰，安魂定魄，惊悸灵丹。
琥珀味甘，安魂定魄，破瘀消症，利水通涩。血竭味咸，跌扑伤损，恶毒疮痈，破血有准。硫黄性热，扫除疥
疮，壮阳逐冷，寒邪敢当。冰片味辛，目痛喉痹，狂躁妄语，真为良剂。芦荟气寒，杀虫消疳，癫痫惊搐，服
之立安。 砂有毒，溃痈烂肉，除翳消症，不堪入腹。硼砂味辛，疗喉肿痛，膈上热痰，噙化立中。丹砂味甘，
镇心养神，祛邪杀鬼，定魄安魂。竹茹止呕，能除寒热，不寐自安，胃热呕哕。竹叶味甘，退热安眠，化痰定
喘，止渴消烦。竹沥味甘，大豁虚痰，失音不语，右痪左瘫。灯草味甘，通利小水，癃闭成淋，内热即退。艾
(Comprising two hundred and forty verses in total, this is the added section.)
*Ren Shen* (Ginseng Radix) has a sweet flavor; it greatly tonifies *Yuan Qi* (Original Qi), relieves thirst, generates body fluids, harmonizes *Ying* (Nutritive) blood, and nourishes the Stomach. (Contraindicated for those with Lung Heat or Yin deficiency with hyperactive fire.) *Huang Qi* (Astragali Radix) is warm in nature; it consolidates sweat and the exterior, expels toxicity to generate flesh, and should not be omitted for those with Qi deficiency. (Its efficacy is enhanced when combined with *Fang Feng*.) *Bai Zhu* (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) is sweet and warm; it strengthens the Spleen and fortifies the Stomach, stops diarrhea, eliminates dampness, resolves phlegm, and dissipates masses. (When used, it must be stir-fried with soil.) *Fu Ling* (Poria) has a bland flavor; it leaches out dampness and unblocks orifices. The white variety tonifies the Spleen's Yuan Qi, while the red variety unblocks the water passages. (Contraindicated for Yin deficiency.) *Gan Cao* (Licorice Root) has a sweet flavor; it harmonizes various herbs. Roasted, it warms the Middle Jiao; raw, it clears heat. (It detoxifies all medicines; contraindicated for fullness in the Middle Jiao.) *Dang Gui* (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) is warm in nature; it guides blood back into the vessels, supports deficiency, benefits injury, expels stasis, and generates new blood. (The head stops bleeding and acts upward; the body nourishes blood and stays central; the tail breaks stasis and flows downward; the whole root invigorates blood without deviating.) *Chuan Xiong* (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) is acrid in flavor; it can expel various winds, remove stasis, regulate menstruation, and clear and benefit the head and eyes. (Not suitable for single or long-term use, as it may cause sudden death.) *Bai Shao* (Paeoniae Radix Alba) is sour and cold; it nourishes Yin and benefits the Liver, consolidates dissipation, and calms deficiency-type dysentery. (Contraindicated for initial-stage or accumulation-type dysentery.) *Chi Shao* (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) is sour and cold; it can purge and disperse, break blood, unblock meridians, and excels in treating red eyes. *Sheng Di Huang* (Rehmanniae Radix) is cold; it clears damp-heat, cures bone-steaming fever, nourishes Yin, and tonifies blood. *Shu Di Huang* (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) is warm; it nourishes the Kidney, tonifies blood, benefits marrow, fills essence, and darkens beard and hair. (Both of these herbs must not come into contact with iron.) *Mai Men Dong* (Ophiopogonis Radix) is warm; it dispels vexation, relieves thirst, moistens the Lungs, clears the Heart, and eliminates Lung Heat. *Tian Men Dong* (Asparagi Radix) is cold; it stops coughing, reduces phlegm, treats Lung abscess and Lung atrophy, relieves thirst, and dispels vexation. *Huang Lian* (Coptidis Rhizoma) is bitter in flavor; it purges the Heart, removes痞 (fullness), clears heat, brightens the eyes, thickens the intestines, and stops dysentery. (Raw use purges Heart heat; wine-fried use thickens the stomach and intestines; ginger-fried use stops vomiting.) *Huang Qin* (Scutellariae Radix) is bitter and cold; the withered part purges Lung fire, the seed clears the Large Intestine, and both treat damp-heat. (The hollow and floating parts clear Upper Jiao fire; the solid and firm strips reduce Lower Jiao heat.) *Huang Bo* (Phellodendri Cortex) is bitter; it nourishes Yin and suppresses fire, and is appropriate for damp-heat and vexing steaming. *Zhi Zi* (Gardeniae Fructus) is bitter and cold; it resolves depression, dispels vexation, treats hematemesis and epistaxis, and clears Lung fire. (Zhu Danxi said: Zhi Zi resolves heat depression and moves stagnant Qi; its nature curves downward, excreting via urine.) *Lian Qiao* (Forsythiae Fructus) is bitter and cold; it resolves toxins from all meridians, acting from the crown of the head down to the legs and feet. *Shi Gao* (Gypsum Fibrosum) is extremely cold; it clears Stomach fire, treating thirst, headache, and muscle-layer heat with immediate effect. *Hua Shi* (Talcum) is heavy and cold; it relieves thirst, dispels vexation, clears summerheat, unblocks orifices, and turns danger into safety. *Zhi Mu* (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) is bitter; it purges fire and nourishes the Kidney, treating bone-steaming with sweating and consumptive disorders. *Bei Mu* (Fritillariae Bulbus) is slightly cold; it calms coughing, reduces phlegm, treats Lung abscess and atrophy, opens depression, and dispels vexation. *Da Huang* (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) is bitter and cold; it eliminates stasis, breaks blood, unblocks the diaphragm and intestines, and moves stagnant heat. (Wine-fried reaches upward; raw use moves downward.) *Mang Xiao* (Natrii Sulfas) is bitter and cold; it treats excess heat accumulation, resolves phlegm, moistens dryness, and unblocks constipation. (It is Po Xiao that has been re-boiled and poured into basins to crystallize into Mang Xiao.) *Chai Hu* (Bupleuri Radix) is bitter; it purges the Liver, treats malaria, addresses alternating chills and fever, and is a key herb for releasing the muscle layer. *Qian Hu* (Peucedani Radix) is slightly cold; it stops coughing, reduces phlegm, treats chills, fever, headache, and chest fullness. *Sheng Ma* ( Cimicifugae Rhizoma) is slightly cold; it clears the Stomach, stops epistaxis, lifts sunken Qi, and expels toothache. *Jie Geng* (Platycodonis Radix) is neutral in nature; it relaxes the chest and hypochondrium, carries herbs upward, serving as a boat and oar for other medicines. (It also stops sore throat and swelling.) *Zi Su* (Perillae Folium) is acrid; it releases the exterior for wind-cold, its stem benefits the whole body, and it is best for Qi stagnation. *Ma Huang* (Ephedrae Herba) is acrid; it releases the exterior and induces sweating, treating fever, headache, and wind-cold dispersion. (Use the root nodes to stop sweating.) *Ge Gen* (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) is sweet; it releases the exterior and relaxes the muscle layer, treating fever, eye pain, and thirst. (It excellently resolves alcohol toxicity.) *Bo He* (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) is acrid; it clears and benefits the head and eyes, expels wind, transforms phlegm, and can be used for bone-steaming. *Fang Feng* (Saposhnikoviae Radix) is sweet and warm; it treats various wind-induced dizziness, bi-syndrome of joints, muscle spasms, and lockjaw. *Jing Jie* (Schizonepetae Spica) is acrid; it clears the head and eyes, treats wind pathogens on the exterior, and brings spiritual clarity. *Xi Xin* (Asari Radix et Rhizoma) is acrid and warm; it treats Shaoyin headaches, unblocks orifices and passes through barriers, and is used for wind-dampness. *Qiang Huo* (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) is slightly warm; it expels wind and eliminates dampness, treating body pain, headache, relaxing sinews, and activating bones. *Du Huo* (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) is sweet and neutral; it treats stiff neck and head, damp-bi of both legs, and expels various winds. *Bai Zhi* (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) is acrid and warm; it treats Yangming headaches and uterine metrorrhagia, with high efficacy. *Gao Ben* (Ligustici Rhizoma) is warm in nature; it eliminates pain at the vertex, dispels cold-dampness, and screens out wind pathogens. *Xiang Fu* (Cyperi Rhizoma) is bitter; it promotes Qi flow, opens depression, stops pain, regulates menstruation, and digests retained food. (Known as the immortal medicine for women; avoid iron.) *Wu Yao* (Linderae Radix) is acrid and warm; it treats heart and abdominal distending pain and Qi stagnation, considered in formulas. *Zhi Shi* (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) is bitter; it removes痞, digests food, breaks accumulation, and transforms phlegm, with powerful action. *Zhi Ke* (Aurantii Fructus) is slightly warm; it widens the intestines, promotes Qi flow, relieves chest and diaphragm discomfort, and is considered in formulas. *Qing Pi* (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride) is bitter and cold; it soothes the Spleen, aids digestion, attacks Qi stagnation, and levels the Liver to reduce accumulation. *Chen Pi* (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) is sweet and warm; it directs Qi, widens the diaphragm, harmonizes the Stomach, and transforms phlegm. (Chen Pi treats upper conditions, becoming more effective higher up; Qing Pi treats lower conditions, becoming better lower down.) *Cang Zhu* (Atractylodis Rhizoma) is sweet and warm; it strengthens the Spleen, dries dampness, induces sweating, widens the Middle, and dispels miasma. *Hou Po* (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) is bitter and warm; it reduces distension, drains fullness, digests retained food and phlegm, with steady efficacy. *Nan Xing* (Arisaematis Rhizoma Preparatum) is hot in nature; it greatly treats wind-phlegm, stabilizes traumatic injuries, and calms wind convulsions. *Ban Xia* (Pinelliae Rhizoma) is acrid; it strengthens the Spleen, dries dampness, treats phlegm-jue headache, and is suitable for vomiting. *Huo Xiang* (Agastaches Herba) is acrid and warm; it treats cholera, summerheat, and dampness, disperses wind-cold, and stops vomiting. *Bing Lang* (Arecae Semen) is bitter; it kills parasites, breaks accumulation, treats tenesmus, and is hard like ironstone. *Fu Pi* (Arecae Pericarpium) is slightly warm; it descends Qi, reduces bloating, harmonizes the Spleen and Stomach, and is the chief herb for edema. (Contraindicated for slight deficiency.) *Xiang Ru* (Moslae Herba) is acrid; it strongly clears summerheat, promotes urination, dispels vexation, and is very effective. *Bian Dou* (Dolichoris Semen) is slightly cool; it treats muscle cramps, vomiting, and diarrhea, tonifies the Spleen, harmonizes the Middle, and helps with alcohol toxicity. *Zhu Ling* (Polyporus) is bland; it promotes urination, unblocks strangury, reduces swelling, and eliminates dampness, working miraculously. *Ze Xie* (Alismatis Rhizoma) is cold and bitter; it reduces swelling, promotes urination, eliminates dampness, unblocks strangury, and purges fire in the Yin. (Not suitable for long-term use by those with Kidney deficiency.) *Mu Tong* (Akebiae Caulis) is cold in nature; it best conducts stagnation, unblocks orifices and meridians, and treats Small Intestine heat closure. *Che Qian Zi* (Plantaginis Semen) is cold in qi; it treats difficult urination and red eyes, unblocks urination, and firms stool. *Di Gu Pi* (Lycii Cortex) is cold; it releases the muscle layer and reduces fever, treats bone-steaming with sweating, strengthens Yin, and cools blood. *Mu Gua* (Chaenomelis Fructus) is sour; it treats swollen feet and wind-dampness, cholera with cramps, and weakness of feet and knees. *Wei Ling Xian* (Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma) is bitter and warm; it treats cold pain in waist and knees, stubborn numbness of limbs and joints, and is generally used for wind-dampness. *Mu Dan Pi* (Moutan Cortex) is bitter; it breaks blood, unblocks meridians, treats heat in the Blood level, and bone-steaming without sweating. *Xuan Shen* (Scrophulariae Radix) is bitter and cold; it purges rootless fire, reduces swelling, clears the throat, and treats bone-steaming. *Sha Shen* (Glehniae Radix) is bitter; it strongly clears Lung heat, treats hemoptysis and expectoration of pus, and is highly effective. *Dan Shen* (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix) is bitter; it breaks accumulation, regulates menstruation, generates new tissue, removes stasis, strengthens bones, and connects sinews. *Ku Shen* (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix) is bitter; it treats carbuncles, sores, scabies, lower bleeding, intestinal wind, eyebrow loss, and red leprosy. *Long Dan Cao* (Gentianae Radix) is bitter and cold; it reduces fever, pacifies the Liver, treats sudden eye diseases, and provides instant relief. *Wu Jia Pi* (Acanthopanacis Cortex) is cold; it expels wind-dampness, treats painful joints, strengthens sinews, and fortifies bones. *Fang Ji* (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix) is cold in qi; it treats wind-damp foot pain, heat accumulation in the Bladder, and is usable in decoctions. *Di Yu* (Sanguisorbae Radix) is neutral in nature; it treats uterine metrorrhagia and various lower bleeding syndromes, bringing peace. (Contraindicated for bloody dysentery with accumulation.) *Fu Shen* (Poria with Hostwood) tonifies the Heart, calms palpitations and fright, treats恍惚 (absent-mindedness) and forgetfulness, and dispels anger. *Yuan Zhi* (Polygalae Radix) is warm in qi; it calms the mind and will, improves intelligence with long-term use, and enhances memory. *Suan Zao Ren* (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen) is sour; it consolidates sweat, dispels vexation, roasted for insomnia, raw for excessive sleep. *Shi Pu* (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma) is warm in nature; it opens the mind, unblocks orifices, removes bi-syndrome, expels wind, and is excellent for voice production. *Bai Zi Ren* (Platycladi Semen) is sweet; it tonifies the Heart, benefits Qi, consolidates sweat, supports Yang, moistens the intestines, and unblocks constipation. *Yi Zhi Ren* (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus) is acrid and warm; it calms the mind, benefits Qi, treats enuresis and seminal emission, and vomiting. *Gan Song* (Nardostachys Radix et Rhizoma) has a fragrant qi; it eliminates foul odors, perfumes the body and skin, and stops heart and abdominal pain. *Xiao Hui Xiang* (Foeniculi Fructus) is warm in nature; it expels hernia, treats abdominal and lumbar pain, regulates the Middle, and warms the Stomach. *Da Hui Xiang* (Foeniculi Fructus) is acrid in flavor; it treats hernia, podagra, bladder swelling and pain, stops vomiting, and opens the appetite. *Gan Jiang* (Zingiberis Rhizoma) is bitter; it releases wind-cold from the exterior, roasted to expel cold, especially suitable for deficient heat. *Fu Zi* (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) is acrid and hot; it moves freely without staying, treats Yin toxicity and cold pathogens, and restores Yang. *Chuan Wu* (Aconiti Radix) is extremely hot; it searches for wind entering the bones, treats wet-bi and cold pain, and breaks accumulation. *Mu Xiang* (Aucklandiae Radix) is slightly warm; it disperses stagnation, harmonizes the Stomach, regulates all Qi, moves the Liver, and purges the Lungs. *Chen Xiang* (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) descends Qi, tonifies the Mingmen, expels pathogens, warms the Stomach, and preserves original truth. *Ding Xiang* (Caryophylli Flos) is acrid and hot; it expels cold vomiting, treats cold pain in heart and abdomen, and warms the Stomach. *Sha Ren* (Amomi Fructus Rotundus) is warm in nature; it unblocks meridians, breaks stagnation, stops pain, calms the fetus, strengthens the Spleen, and nourishes the Stomach. *Lian Rou* (Nelumbinis Plumula) is sweet; it strengthens the Spleen, regulates the Stomach, stops diarrhea, secures essence, clears the Heart, and nourishes Qi. *Rou Gui* (Cinnamomi Cortex) is acrid and hot; it excellently unblocks blood vessels, treats abdominal pain due to deficient cold, and provides warming tonification. *Gui Zhi* (Cinnamomi Ramulus) consists of small twigs; they move horizontally in the arms, harmonize the Stomach, relax sinews, and treat hand-foot bi-syndrome. *Wu Zhu Yu* (Evodiae Fructus) is hot; it regulates hernia, treats umbilical and abdominal cold pain, and is a formula for the Jueyin channel. *Yan Hu Suo* (Corydalis Rhizoma) is warm; it treats sudden heart and abdominal pain, unblocks meridians, invigorates blood, and is the chief herb for eliminating stasis. *Yi Yi Ren* (Coicis Semen) is sweet; it specifically eliminates damp-bi, tendon spasms, regulates the Spleen, and assists the Stomach. *Bai Dou Kou* (Cardamomi Fructus) is warm; it treats deficient cold of the Spleen and Stomach, unremitting diarrhea and dysentery, with immediate effect. *Cao Dou Kou* (Kenpeitō) is warm; it treats cold pathogens invading the Stomach, vomiting, and nausea, curing them upon use. *He Zi* (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus) is bitter; it astringes the intestines, stops dysentery, treats phlegmatic cough and asthma, descends fire, and astringes the Lungs. *Cao Guo* (Tsao-ko Fructus) is acrid; it digests food, reduces distension, arrests malaria, expels phlegm, resolves plague, and dispels abdominal fullness. *Chang Shan* (Dichroae Radix) is bitter and cold; it arrests malaria, resolves phlegm, clears shanghan heat, and widens water retention. *Liang Jiang* (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma) is hot in nature; it descends Qi, warms the Middle, treats cramps and cholera, and attacks food and alcohol stagnation. *Shan Zha* (Crataegi Fructus) is sweet; it grinds and digests meat, moves stagnant Qi, and eliminates hard accumulations. *Shen Qu* (Massa Medicata Fermentata) is sweet; it digests food, opens the appetite, breaks knots, expels phlegm, regulates the Middle, and descends Qi. *Mai Ya* (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) is sweet and warm; it digests retained food, treats abdominal distension, disperses stagnation, and eliminates accumulation. *Su Zi* (Perillae Fructus) is acrid; it expels phlegm, descends Qi, stops coughing, calms wheezing, and moistens the Lungs and Heart. *Bai Jie Zi* (Sinapis Semen) is acrid; it specifically transforms phlegm in the hypochondrium, outside the skin and fascia, and calms痞 masses. *Gan Sui* (Kansui Radix) is bitter and cold; it breaks accumulation, transforms phlegm, treats facial swelling and gu-distension, and calms water promotion. *Da Ji* (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix) is sweet and cold; it drives out water, promotes urination, treats swelling and hard masses, with a profound effect. *Yuan Hua* (Genkwa Flos) is cold and bitter; it reduces distension and gu, promotes urination, drains dampness, and stops coughing with phlegm. *Shang Lu* (Phytolaccae Radix) is acrid and sweet; red and white varieties differ, red reduces swelling, white promotes water movement. *Hai Zao* (Sargassum) is salty and cold; it reduces goiter and dissipates nodules, salt softens hardness, treating masses and phlegm nuclei. *Qian Niu* (Pharbitidis Semen) is bitter and cold; it attacks water accumulation, treats various parasitic disorders, and achieves miraculous results. *Ting Li* (Lepidii Semen) is bitter and acrid; it promotes urination, reduces swelling, treats phlegmatic cough and masses, and lung wheezing and congestion. *Qu Mai* (Dianthi Herba) is acrid and cold; it specifically treats strangury, can induce abortion, and instantly unblocks menstruation. *San Leng* (Sparganii Rhizoma) is bitter; it breaks blood, eliminates癖, treats Qi stagnation pain, and is accurate when used. *Peng Lan* (Curcumae Zedoariae Rhizoma) is warm and bitter; it stops pain, eliminates stasis, treats masses and癖, and is most suitable for unblocking menstruation. *Wu Ling Zhi* (Trogopterori Faeces) is bitter; it treats heart pain from blood stasis, unblocks meridians, invigorates blood, and is extremely effective. *Gan Qi* (Resina Taxodi) is acrid and warm; it unblocks menstruation, breaks masses, pursues accumulation, kills parasites, and acts swiftly like a galloping horse. *Pu Huang* (Typhae Pollen) is sweet; it removes stasis, regulates metrorrhagia, roasted to stop bleeding, raw to break blood. *Su Mu* (Sappan Lignum) is sweet and salty; it moves accumulated blood, treats postpartum menstruation, and bruises/falls. *Tao Ren* (Persicae Semen) is sweet and cold; it moistens the Large Intestine, unblocks menstruation, breaks stasis, and treats blood masses. *Hong Hua* (Carthami Flos) is acrid and warm; it eliminates stasis knots, large doses unblock menstruation, small doses nourish blood. *Jiang Huang* (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma) is acrid; it eliminates stasis, breaks blood, treats heart and abdominal pain, and unblocks menstruation most rapidly. *Yu Jin* (Curcumae Radix) is bitter; it breaks blood, generates flesh, treats blood strangury and hematuria, and resolves depression. *Jin Yin Hua* (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos) is sweet; it treats carbuncles without equal, disperses if unformed, suppurates if formed. *Lou Lu* (Radix Euphorbiae Humifusa) is cold in nature; it expels toxic sores, tonifies blood, expels pus, generates flesh, and grows tissue. *Ji Li* (Tribuli Fructus) is bitter; it treats sore itching, vitiligo, and scalp sores, removes nebula, and clarifies vision. *Bai Ji* (Bletillae Rhizoma) is bitter; its function is specifically astringent, treating swelling, toxins, sores, and ulcers, excelling in surgery. *She Chuang Zi* (Cnidii Fructus) is acrid and bitter; it descends Qi, warms the Middle, treats malignant sores, scabies, and leprosy, removes stasis, and expels wind. *Tian Ma* (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) is acrid; it treats vertigo, pediatric convulsions, spasms, and paralysis. *Bai Fu* (Typhonii Rhizoma) is acrid and warm; it treats all facial diseases, all phlegm saliva, and stroke syndromes. *Quan Xie* (Scorpio) is acrid; it repels wind-phlegm toxin, treats facial deviation, pediatric convulsions, and spasms. *Chan Tui* (Cicadae Periostracum) is sweet; it expels wind, calms fright, kills childhood malnutrition, clears heat, and removes nebula invading the eye. *Jiang Can* (Bombyx Batryticatus) is salty; it treats various wind-induced convulsions, damp-phlegm, and throat obstruction, eliminates sores and scars. *Mu Bie* (Strychni Semen) is bitter and cold; it pursues sore toxins, treats mastitis and back pain, reduces swelling, and brightens eyes. *Feng Fang* (Vespa Nidus) is salty and bitter; it treats convulsions, jaw pain, swelling/toxins, scrofula, and appendicitis. *Bai Hua She* (Bungarus Parvus) is toxic; it treats paralysis, facial deviation, severe wind, scabies, leprosy, and various toxins excellently. *Huai Hua* (Sophorae Flos) is bitter; it treats hemorrhoids, fistulas, intestinal wind, Large Intestine heat dysentery, and kills roundworms. *Niu Bang* (Arctii Fructus) is acrid; it eliminates sore toxins, treats urticaria and wind-heat, and expels sore throat. *Yin Chen* (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba) is bitter; it resolves jaundice and yellowing, leaches dampness, promotes urination, and clears heat as cooling. *Man Jing Zi* (Viticis Fructus) is bitter; it treats headache, spasms, and damp-bi, and removes tearing eyes. *Ma Dou Ling* (Aristolochiae Fructus) is bitter; it can fumigate hemorrhoids and fistulas, calms wheezing, transforms phlegm, and treats chronic Lung heat cough. *Bai He* (Lilii Bulbus) is sweet; its function is specifically tonifying the Lungs, treating wheezing, coughing, consumption, and labor, with immediate effect. *Qin Jiao* (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix) is neutral in nature; it eliminates dampness, nourishes sinews, treats joint wind-pain, lower bleeding, and bone-steaming. *Zi Wan* (Adenophorae Radix) is bitter and acrid; it treats phlegmatic coughing and wheezing, Lung atrophy, expectoration of pus, and balances cold and heat. *Kuan Dong Hua* (Farfarae Flos) is sweet; it regulates the Lungs, transforms phlegm, treats Lung abscess, wheezing, and coughing, supplements deficiency, and dispels vexation. *Jin Fei Cao* (Farfarae Flos) is cold; it transforms phlegm, stops coughing, brightens eyes, expels wind, and achieves miraculous results quickly. *Sang Bai Pi* (Mori Cortex) is sweet; it stops coughing, calms wheezing, purges Lung fire and pathogens, with profound efficacy. *Xing Ren* (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) is warm and bitter; it treats wind-phlegm wheezing and coughing, Large Intestine Qi closure, and can save lives. *Wu Mei* (Mume Fructus) is sour and warm; it astringes Lung Qi, relieves thirst, generates fluids, harmonizes the Spleen, and opens the appetite. *Tian Hua Fen* (Trichosanthis Radix) is cold; it clears the Lungs and phlegm, expels pus, reduces swelling, relieves thirst, and dispels vexation. *Mi Meng Hua* (Onobrychidis Flos) is cold; its function is brightening eyes, treating cataracts and blindness, with rapid effect. *Ju Hua* (Chrysanthemi Flos) is sweet and cold; it clears heat, expels wind, treats vertigo and red eyes, and has special merit in stopping tears. *Mu Zei* (Equiseti Herba) is sweet; it brightens eyes, removes nebula, restores sight, and is an essential prescription. *Jue Ming Zi* (Cassiae Semen) is sweet; it clears Liver heat, treats eye pain and tearing, and still stops epistaxis. *Xi Jiao* (Rhino Ceratios) is sour and cold; it transforms toxins, screens out evil, clears the Heart, stops bleeding, and reduces swelling from snake venom. *Ling Yang Jiao* (Saiga Tataricae Cornu) is cold; it brightens eyes, clears the Liver, repels fright, detoxifies, and calms spirit and intelligence. *Gui Jia* (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum) is sweet; it nourishes Yin, tonifies the Kidney, removes stasis, connects sinews, and treats cranial fontanelle issues. *Bie Jia* (Trionycis Carapax) is neutral in flavor; it treats consumptive cough and bone-steaming, disperses stasis, removes痞, tonifies the Kidney, and nourishes Yin. *Hai Piao Xiao* (Sepiae Endoconcha) is salty; it breaks blood, removes masses, generates flesh, grows tissue, and treats ulcerated sore pain. *Ma Ren* (Cannabis Semen) is sweet; it promotes lactation, induces labor, moistens the intestines, unblocks constipation, and promotes urination. *Shan Dou Gen* (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix) is bitter; it treats sore throat and swelling, applies to snake and insect venom, and serves for emergency rescue. *Yi Mu Cao* (Leonuri Herba) is sweet; it is the master of gynecology, treats pre- and postpartum conditions, generates new tissue, and removes stasis. *Zi Cao* (Arnebiae Radix seu Lithospermi Radix) is bitter and cold; it unblocks the nine orifices, promotes urination, reduces bloating, and is crucial for pox/rashes. *Di Fu Zi* (Kochiae Fructus) is cold; it clears Bladder heat, treats skin itching, and clears heat very rapidly. *Ku Lian Gen* (Meliae Cortex Radicis) is cold; it kills various parasites, stops pain immediately, and unblocks accumulation instantly. *Chu Gen* (Toosendan Cortex) is bitter; it treats dysentery, leukorrhea, and metrorrhagia, intestinal wind, hemorrhoids, and fistulas, dries dampness, and astringes essence. *Ze Lan* (Lycopus Herba) is bitter; it treats postpartum blood fainting, limb edema, and contusions/injuries. *Ya Zao* (Gleditsiae Spina) is acrid; it unblocks orifices, reduces swelling and pain, and is excellent for expelling wind-phlegm. *Gua Di* (Momordicae Fructus) is bitter and cold; it excellently vomits phlegm, reduces body swelling, and treats jaundice. *Ba Dou* (Crotonis Fructus) is highly toxic; it breaks masses, unblocks the intestines, drives out cold, expels cold pathogens, and breaks through gates. *Ban Mao* (Mylabris) is toxic; it breaks blood, unblocks menstruation, treats various sores and scrofula, and unblocks water passages. *Hu Huang Lian* (Coptidis Rhizoma Substitute) is bitter; it treats consumption and bone-steaming, pediatric malnutrition dysentery, night sweats, and deficient fright. *Shi Jun Zi* (Quisqualis Fructus) is warm; it eliminates malnutrition, clears turbidity, treats dysentery and parasites, and removes them all. *Chi Shi Zhi* (Halloysit Rubrum) is warm; it secures the intestines and stomach, generates flesh for ulcers, astringently stops diarrhea and dysentery. *Qing Dai* (Indicum) is sour and cold; it pacifies Liver wood, treats convulsions, malnutrition dysentery, and clears heat toxins. *E Jiao* (Colla Corii Asini) is sweet and warm; it stops coughing with pus and blood, protects the Lungs, stops metrorrhagia, and is suitable for consumption. *Bai Fan* (Alumen) is sour; it excellently detoxifies all poisons, treats all phlegm congestion, and nasal polyps. *Wu Bei Zi* (Gallae Chinensis) is bitter and sour; it treats dental malnutrition, hemorrhoids, fistulas, rectal prolapse, and clears wind-damp. *Xuan Ming Fen* (Natrii Sulfas Preparatus) is acrid; it removes old filth, transforms accumulation, resolves phlegm, and acts instantly. *Tong Cao* (Tetrapanacis Medulla) is sweet; it excellently benefits the Bladder, reduces carbuncles, dissipates swelling, and unblocks the breasts. *Gou Qi* (Lycii Fructus) is sweet and warm; it adds essence, secures marrow, brightens eyes, expels wind, and raises Yin like Yang. *Huang Jing* (Polygonati Rhizoma) is sweet; it harmonizes internal organs, treats five labors and seven injuries, and is a great tonic. *He Shou Wu* (Polygoni Multiflori Radix) is sweet; it adds essence, seeds children, blackens hair, beautifies face, and ensures longevity. *Wu Wei Zi* (Schisandrae Fructus) is sour and warm; it generates fluids, relieves thirst, treats human cough and consumption, and dryness of Metal and Water. *Shan Zhu Yu* (Corni Fructus) is warm; it astringes essence, fills marrow, treats Kidney deficiency tinnitus, and stops waist/knee pain. (Remove the core; the core反而 leaks essence.) *Shi Hu* (Dendrobii Caulis) is sweet; it repels fright, calms the will, strengthens bones, tonifies deficiency, and restores strength. *Po Gu Zhi* (Psoraleae Fructus) is warm; it treats waist and knee soreness/pain, secures essence with Yang, and is contraindicated for ministerial fire. *Shu Yu* (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) is sweet and warm; it regulates the Spleen, stops diarrhea, benefits the Kidney, tonifies the Middle, and helps all deficiencies. *Rong Rong* (Cynomorii Herba) is sweet; it severely tonifies essence and blood, but sudden use may cause loose stools. *Tu Si Zi* (Cuscutae Semen) is sweet and neutral; it treats nocturnal emission and slippery sperm, waist pain and cold knees, adds marrow, and strengthens sinews. *Du Zhong* (Eucommiae Cortex) is acrid and sweet; it treats dribbling urination, benefits the Kidney, secures essence, and stops waist/knee pain. *Niu Xi* (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) is bitter; it eliminates dampness, atrophy, and bi, strengthens bones and sinews, breaks pregnancy, and descends stasis. *Ba Ji Tian* (Morindae Officinalis Radix) is acrid and sweet; it greatly tonifies deficiency, treats slippery sperm and nocturnal emission, supports Yuan, and secures the root. *Long Gu* (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi) is sweet; it treats nocturnal emission, dream leakage, metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, convulsions, and wind-heat. *Hu Ba* (Trigonellae Semen) is warm; it tonifies Kidney deficiency, treats Bladder hernias, and eliminates distension and pain. *Lu Rong* (Cervi Cornu Pantotrichum) is sweet and warm; it benefits Qi, nourishes Yin, treats seminal emission, hematuria, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea. *Mu Li* (Ostrea Concha) is slightly cold; it astringes essence, stops sweating, treats metrorrhagia, leukorrhea, hypochondriac pain, and disperses old phlegm. *Chuan Lian Zi* (Meliae Fructus) is bitter; it specifically treats hernia, dampness, shanghan, and is a water-promoting agent. *Hu Gu* (Pantheris Os) is acrid; it treats feet and knees, calms pain, pursues wind, and strengthens sinews and bones. *Bi Xie* (Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma) is bitter; it treats wind-cold-damp bi, cold pain in waist and back, adds essence, and benefits Qi. *Sang Ji Sheng* (Taxilli Herba) is bitter; it treats waist pain and stubborn numbness, connects sinews, strengthens bones, and is excellent for wind-damp. *Xu Duan* (Dipsaci Radix) is acrid; it connects bones and sinews, treats contusions and injuries, and secures nocturnal emission. *She Xiang* (Moschus) is acrid and hot; it excellently unblocks orifices, induces abortion, and calms fright wonderfully. *Ru Xiang* (Olibanum) is acrid and warm; it treats all malignant sores, generates flesh, stops pain, and is good for heart and abdomen. *Mo Yao* (Myrrha) is warm and neutral; it treats sores, stops pain, contusions, injuries, and generally breaks blood. *A Wei* (Asini Colla) is warm in nature; it removes accumulation, breaks knots, eliminates癖, kills parasites, and extinguishes transmission corpses. *Shui Yin* (Hydrargyrum) is cold in nature; it treats scabies, kills parasites, prevents pregnancy, and induces labor instantly. *Ling Sha* (Cinnabaris Preparatus) is warm in nature; it unblocks blood vessels, kills ghosts, screens out evil, calms the soul, and stabilizes the魄. *Pi Shuang* (Arsenicum) is toxic; it can vomit wind-phlegm, arrest malaria, eliminate asthma, and dissolve chronic stubborn diseases. *Xiong Huang* (Realgar) is sweet and acrid; it screens out evil, detoxifies, treats snake bites, and throat wind polyps. *Zhen Zhu* (Margarita) is cold in qi; it calms fright, eliminates convulsions, opens deafness, grinds nebula, relieves thirst, and transforms phlegm. *Niu Huang* (Calculus Bovis) is bitter; it greatly treats wind-phlegm, calms the soul, stabilizes the魄, and is a spiritual pill for palpitations. *Hu Po* (Electrum) is sweet; it calms the soul, stabilizes the魄, breaks stasis, eliminates masses, promotes urination, and unblocks retention. *Xue Jie* (Dragonis Sanguis) is salty; it treats contusions and injuries, malignant carbuncles, and breaks blood accurately. *Liu Huang* (Sulfur) is hot in nature; it sweeps away scabies, tonifies Yang, drives out cold, and dares to withstand cold pathogens. *Bing Pian* (Borneolum Syntheticum) is acrid; it treats eye pain and throat obstruction, mania and delirious speech, truly being a good prescription. *Lu Hui* (Aloe) is cold in qi; it kills parasites, eliminates malnutrition, epilepsy, and convulsions, providing instant relief upon use. *Niao Sha* (Ammonium Chloridum) is toxic; it ulcerates carbuncles, rots flesh, removes nebula, eliminates masses, and is unfit for ingestion. *Peng Sha* (Borax) is acrid; it treats sore throat and swelling, upper diaphragm heat-phlegm, and works instantly when held in the mouth. *Dan Sha* (Cinnabaris) is sweet; it calms the Heart, nourishes the spirit, expels evil, kills ghosts, stabilizes the魄, and calms the soul. *Zhu Ru* (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia) stops vomiting, clears cold and heat, ensures peaceful sleep, and treats Stomach heat vomiting. *Zhu Ye* (Bambusae Folium) is sweet; it reduces fever, ensures sleep, transforms phlegm, calms wheezing, relieves thirst, and dispels vexation. *Zhu Li* (Bambusae Succus) is sweet; it greatly expels deficient phlegm, treats aphasia, right hemiplegia, and left paralysis. *Deng Cao* (Junci Medulla) is sweet; it promotes urination, treats strangury and retention, and clears internal heat. Ai Ye...