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[Sangye (Mulberry Leaf)]
Bitter, sweet, slightly cold in nature; slightly toxic. For use, mix with honey water and steam.
*Shennong Bencao Jing* records its ability to eliminate chills and fever and induce sweating.
[Commentary] Sangye clears the Lung and Stomach, expels wind, and brightens the eyes; select leaves that have been frosted by winter. Decocted as a wash for external application, it treats tearing of the eyes caused by wind pathogens. When combined with Sesamum indicum (Black Sesame) seeds and formed into honey pills, long-term consumption prevents graying of hair and beard, delays aging, and prolongs life. The statement in *Shennong Bencao Jing* regarding "eliminating chills and fever and inducing sweating" refers to the method described in *Mingyi Bielu* (Tao Hongjing): steaming the leaves, pounding them into a paste, and applying them externally to treat wind-pain and induce sweating. Decoction for drinking promotes the free flow of the Five Zang organs, unblocks joints, and directs Qi downward. Taken as wine decoction, it treats all types of wind disorders. Ash from burning Sanggen (Mulberry Root Bark), leached with water and applied with Duan Shi (Calcined Potash) to facial areas affected by wind, eliminates nevi and removes malignant flesh.

[Sangzhi (Mulberry Twig)]
Bitter, neutral in nature; non-toxic.
[Commentary] Sangzhi clears heat and expels wind; therefore, it is suitable for treating generalized pruritus with dry skin, edema, Hong Kong foot (podagra/gouty arthritis), wind-pathogen invasion, and tetany of the four limbs. Li Shizhen stated that using Sangzhi in decoctions is to utilize its ability to benefit joints and relieve various pains caused by wind-cold-dampness bi-syndrome. Observing the *Ling Shu*, the treatment for cold-bi uses the Gui Jiu (Cinnamon Wine) method, where a cloth heated by Sang Tan (Mulberry Charcoal) is used to moxa-iron the bi-affected area. Treatment for facial paralysis (Kou Pi) uses the Ma Gao (Horse Fat) method, hooking the mouth with a Sang Gou (Mulberry Hook) while sitting on Sang Hui (Mulberry Ash). For carbuncles, back sores, flowing abscesses, and stubborn ulcers that do not heal for a long time, the Sang Mu Zhi (Mulberry Wood Moxibustion) method is used: before ulceration, it draws out toxins and relieves pain; after ulceration, it supplements and reconnects Yang Qi. The method involves splitting Sang Chai (Mulberry Firewood) into small pieces, bundling them, igniting them, blowing out the flames, and applying the residual heat to the affected area. Each time the fire is blown and applied, necrotic tissue gradually sloughs off. This method assists internal medication. Additionally, for persistent chronic cough, decoct Sangzhi in water and drink when thirsty. Mulberry ash boiled into a paste can be applied to treat severe diseases like leprosy (Da Feng). Alternatively, leaching the juice from mulberry ash to wash the head and face cures the condition within ten applications; this is the method from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*.

[Zhegen Baipi (Phellodendron/Phanera Root Bark)]
Sweet, warm in nature; non-toxic.
[Commentary] Li Shizhen said that Zhegen can unblock Kidney Qi; thus, *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* uses it to treat tinnitus and deafness. Chen Cangqi recorded that boiling the juice and brewing it into wine treats wind-deficiency deafness and weakness due to overwork, specifically thinning and emaciation with coldness in the lower back and kidneys. *Qian Jin Fang* treats tinnitus with sweating, often caused by Kidney deficiency or persisting for twenty years without cure. The prescription uses thirty jin of Zhegen (Root of Phanera/Vatov), five dou of Changpu (Acorus Tatarinowii Rhizome), and twenty jin of old iron heated red-hot and soaked for three nights. Then, add two shi of rice and two dou of Qu (Fermented Starter). Using the juices of these three ingredients, brew according to standard methods. Consumption yields definite efficacy. The full formula is detailed in Volume 20 of *Qian Jin Fang*.