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Taiji differentiated, thereby generating Heaven and Earth, Yin and Yang. The unpredictability of Yin and Yang is called "Shen" (Spirit/Mystery). Heaven has Yin and Yang, and Earth also has Yin and Yang. Heaven generates through Yang and grows through Yin; Earth kills through Yang and stores through Yin. Humans exist within the intersection of Qi (Vital Energy), thus possessing the Five Zang Organs (Yin organs) and Six Fu Organs (Yang organs) to correspond with the numerical patterns of the Five Movements (Wu Yun) and Six Qi (Liu Qi). The Five Movements are Metal, Wood, Water, Fire, and Earth. The Six Qi are Wind, Cold, Summer Heat, Dampness, Dryness, and Fire. Heavenly Stems are used for Movements, and Earthly Branches are used for Qi. There are ten Heavenly Stems, which combine to form the Five Movements; there are twelve Earthly Branches, which oppose each other to form the Six Qi. Heavenly Qi begins with Jia, and Earthly Qi begins with Zi; their combination forms Jiazi. Heavenly Qi ends with Gui, and Earthly Qi ends with Hai; their combination forms Guihai. Yin and Yang alternate, and Gang (firm) and Rou (soft) require each other. Thus, after Jiazi, Yichou follows; after Renxu, Guihai follows. Thirty years constitute one Ji (cycle), and sixty years constitute one Zhou (full cycle). There are Zhu Yun (Principal Movements) and Ke Yun (Passenger Movements); there are Zhu Qi (Principal Qi) and Ke Qi (Passenger Qi). Zhu Yun and Zhu Qi remain unchanged for eternity, whereas Ke Yun and Ke Qi change annually. Speaking from the order of Heaven and Earth, or brothers: Jia and Yi belong to East Wood; Bing and Ding belong to South Fire; Wu and Ji belong to Central Earth; Geng and Xin belong to West Metal; Ren and Gui belong to North Water. The *Classic of Poetry* states: At the Great Cold solar term, Wood Movement begins. Three days before Qingming, Fire Movement occurs; three days after Mangzhong, Earth Movement occurs; six days after Liqiu, Metal Movement occurs; nine days after Lidong, Water Movement lies dormant. This cycles endlessly, as it has for ten thousand years; this is Zhu Yun. Speaking from husband-wife combinations: Jia combines with Ji to transform into Earth; Yi combines with Geng to transform into Metal; Bing combines with Xin to transform into Water; Ding combines with Ren to transform into Fire. This is Ke Yun. (In years of Jia and Ji, the first month is Bingyin; Bing Fire generates Earth, so Earth Movement governs. In years of Yi and Geng, the first month is Wuyin; Wu Earth generates Metal, so Metal Movement governs. In years of Bing and Xin, the first month is Gengyin; Geng Metal generates Water, so Water Movement governs. In years of Ding and Ren, the first month is Renyin; Ren Water generates Wood, so Wood Movement governs. In years of Wu and Gui, the first month is Jiayin; Jia Wood generates Fire, so Fire Movement governs.) In Jia-Ji years, Jia represents Earth Movement; the initial movement is Earth; Earth generates Metal, so the second movement is Metal; the Five Elements follow this generative cycle. Each Movement governs 72 days and 5 ke (time units). These Heavenly Stems are above and Yang, thus governing Movement. Speaking again of Earthly Branches in cyclic order: Yin and Mao belong to Spring Wood; Si and Wu belong to Summer Fire; Chen, Xu, Chou, and Wei belong to Earth of the Four Seasons; Shen and You belong to Autumn Metal; Hai and Zi belong to Winter Water. Wood transforms into Wind, governing Spring, so Wind is the First Qi; Fire transforms into Heat, governing early Summer and late Spring, so Fire is the Second Qi; Ministerial Fire transforms into Summer Heat, governing hot Summer, so Summer Heat is the Third Qi; when heat prevails, Metal transforms into Clear Dryness, while Earth remains central, governing the end of the four seasons, so Dampness is the Fourth Qi; Metal is the wife of Bing, carrying Fire's Qi, hence Dryness, governing Autumn, so Dryness is the Fifth Qi; Water transforms into Cold, acting only in severe cold, governing Winter, so Cold is the Sixth Qi; this is Zhu Qi. Speaking from their opposing positions: In Zi-Wu years, Shaoyin Junhuo (Ministerial Sovereign Fire) governs Heaven (Si Tian), and Yangming Zaojin (Dry Metal) governs Earth (Zai Quan). In Chou-Wei years, Taiyin Shitu (Damp Earth) governs Heaven, and Taiyang Hanshui (Cold Water) governs Earth. In Yin-Shen years, Shaoyang Xianghuo (Ministerial Fire) is prosperous, and Jueyin Fengmu (Wind Wood) connects to Earth. In Mao-You years, it reverses Zi-Wu; in Chen-Xu and Si-Hai years, it is similar.

[Image: Diagram of Passenger Qi Fixed Pattern for Zi-Wu Years - Heat Transformation]
In Zi-Wu years, Shaoyin Junhuo governs Heaven, and Yangming Zaojin governs Earth. Si Tian governs the upper half-year (six months), and Zai Quan governs the lower half-year (six months); others follow this example.
In Zi-Wu years, the First Qi is Taiyang, the Second is Jueyin, the Third is Shaoyin, the Fourth is Taiyin, the Fifth is Shaoyang, and the Sixth is Yangming. This is the fixed pattern of Ke Qi.
Zhu Qi always begins with Jueyin Fengmu every year.

[Image: Diagram of Passenger Qi Fixed Pattern for Chou-Wei Years - Damp Transformation]
[Image: Diagram of Passenger Qi Fixed Pattern for Yin-Shen Years - Fire Transformation]
In Chou-Wei years, Taiyin Shitu governs Heaven, and Taiyang Hanshui governs Earth. The First Qi is Jueyin, the Second is Shaoyin, the Third is Taiyin, the Fourth is Shaoyang, the Fifth is Yangming, and the Sixth is Taiyang.
In Yin-Shen years, Shaoyang Xianghuo governs Heaven, and Jueyin Fengmu governs Earth. The First Qi is Shaoyin, the Second is Taiyin, the Third is Shaoyang, the Fourth is Yangming, the Fifth is Taiyang, and the Sixth is Jueyin.
In Mao-You years, Yangming Zaojin governs Heaven, and Shaoyin Junhuo governs Earth. The First Qi is Taiyin, the Second is Shaoyang, the Third is Yangming, the Fourth is Taiyang, the Fifth is Jueyin, and the Sixth is Shaoyin.
In Chen-Xu years, Taiyang Hanshui governs Heaven, and Taiyin Shitu governs Earth. The First Qi is Shaoyang, the Second is Yangming, the Third is Taiyang, the Fourth is Jueyin, the Fifth is Shaoyin, and the Sixth is Taiyin.

[Image: Diagram of Passenger Qi Fixed Pattern for Mao-You Years - Dry Transformation]
In Si-Hai years, Jueyin Fengmu governs Heaven, and Shaoyang Xianghuo governs Earth. The First Qi is Yangming, the Second is Taiyang, the Third is Jueyin, the Fourth is Shaoyin, the Fifth is Taiyin, and the Sixth is Shaoyang.
The previous diagrams represent Ke Qi. Each Qi governs prosperity for 60 days and 87.5 ke. These Earthly Branches are below and Yin, thus governing Qi. However, the flow of Ke Yun has excess (Tai Guo) and deficiency (Bu Ji). Excess years are the five Yang Stems: Jia, Bing, Wu, Geng, Ren. Deficient years are the five Yin Stems: Yi, Ding, Ji, Xin, Gui. When an excess year arrives, it intersects 13 days before the Great Cold solar term, named "Xian Tian" (Heavenly Advance). When a deficient year arrives, it intersects 13 days after the Great Cold solar term, named "Hou Tian" (Heavenly Delay). A Ping Qi (Balanced Qi) year intersects exactly on the Great Cold day, named "Qi Tian" (Heavenly Equal). The rise and fall of Ke Qi include Zheng Hua (Direct Transformation) and Dui Hua (Opposite Transformation). Zheng Hua years are Wu, Wei, Yin, You, Chen, Hai. Dui Hua years are Zi, Chou, Shen, Mao, Xu, Si. Zheng Hua represents the substance of the command, generated from its root; Dui Hua represents the emptiness of the command, derived from its marker. Within one period, Zhu Yun follows positional order below, while Ke Yun circulates via Qi above. This is Ke Qi added above Zhu Yun, and Zhu Qi descending below Ke Qi. This causes uneven heavenly timing and the origin of human diseases. (For example, in Chen-Xu years: The First Ke Qi, Shaoyang Xianghuo, adds onto the Zhu Qi, Jueyin Fengmu; the Second Ke Qi, Yangming Zaojin, adds onto Zhu Qi, Shaoyin Junhuo; the Third Ke Qi, Taiyang Hanshui, adds onto Zhu Qi, Shaoyang Xianghuo; the Fourth Ke Qi, Jueyin Fengmu, adds onto Zhu Qi, Taiyin Shitu; the Fifth Ke Qi, Shaoyin Junhuo, adds onto Zhu Qi, Yangming Zaojin; the Sixth Ke Qi, Taiyin Shitu, adds onto Zhu Qi, Taiyang Hanshui. All above show Ke Qi adding onto Zhu Yun, using these two years as examples.)
Furthermore, discussing Zhu Qi: Spring warmth, Summer heat, Autumn coolness, Winter cold. Wind moves them, Fire warms them, Summer Heat steams them, Dampness moistens them, Dryness desiccates them, Cold solidifies them. These are all the operations of Heaven and Earth's righteous Qi. Only when Ke adds to Zhu do deviations, reversals, and excessive influences occur, resulting in bleak winds in Spring, hidden Yin in Summer, bitter rains in Autumn, and delayed Yang in Winter. Thus, climate is uneven, and epidemics descend frequently. All above show Zhu Qi descending below Ke Qi.

[Image: Diagram of Passenger Qi Fixed Pattern for Chen-Xu Years - Cold Transformation]
[Image: Diagram of Passenger Qi Fixed Pattern for Si-Hai Years - Wind Transformation]
In Liu Jia (Six Jia) years, if Earth Movement is excessive, rain and dampness prevail, leading to Damp diseases. Kidney Water is affected; treatment should remove dampness and tonify the Kidney. In Liu Ji years, if Earth Movement is deficient, Wood Qi takes advantage and becomes prosperous, manifesting Wind pathology; treatment should benefit the Spleen to pacify Wood. In Liu Bing years, if Water Movement is excessive, Cold Qi prevails, leading to Cold diseases. Heart Fire is affected; treatment should expel Cold and tonify the Heart. In Liu Xin years, if Water Movement is deficient, Earth Qi takes advantage and manifests Damp transformation; treatment should tonify the Kidney to remove dampness. In Liu Wu years, if Fire Movement is excessive, Heat Qi prevails, leading to Heat diseases. Lung Metal is affected; treatment should descend Fire and tonify the Lung. In Liu Gui years, if Fire Movement is deficient, Water Qi takes advantage and manifests Cold transformation; treatment should tonify the Heart to expel Cold. In Liu Geng years, if Metal Movement is excessive, Dryness Qi prevails, leading to Dryness diseases. Liver Wood is affected; treatment should clear Dryness and tonify the Liver. In Liu Yi years, if Metal Movement is deficient, Fire Qi takes advantage and manifests Heat transformation; treatment should pacify Wood and tonify the Spleen. In Liu Ren years, if Wood Movement is excessive, Wind Qi prevails, leading to Wind diseases. Spleen Earth is affected; treatment should pacify Wood and tonify the Spleen. In Liu Ding years, if Water Movement is deficient, Metal Qi takes advantage and manifests Dryness transformation; treatment should tonify the Liver to clear Dryness. These are the treatment methods for Ke Yun. Taiyang Hanshui is treated with Acrid-Hot herbs; Yangming Zaojin with Warm-Bitter herbs; Shaoyang Xianghuo with Salty-Cold herbs; Taiyin Shitu with Bitter-Hot herbs; Shaoyin Junhuo with Bitter-Cold herbs; Jueyin Fengmu with Acrid-Cool herbs. These are the treatment methods for the Six Qi. However, changes in Yun and Qi occur because harmony arises from compatibility, and disease from incompatibility. Even compatible factors can cause disease if the lower position improperly oversees the upper. Generation between Five Elements is compatibility; restriction is incompatibility. Upper overseeing Lower is Smooth (Shun); Lower overseeing Upper is Reverse (Ni). When Yun and Qi are identical, it is called Tian Fu (Heavenly符/Alignment). Si Tian means directly executing Heavenly commands, occupying the upper position. Sui Yun refers to movement, governing the Qi of generation between Heaven and Earth. Zai Quan refers to the transformation of Earth, operating in the lower position of Earth. In the current year, if Si Tian Qi matches the Zhong Qi Yun (Sui Yun), it is called Tian Fu. (Wu Zi, Wu Wu, Wu Yin, Wu Shen years are all Fire; Bing Chen, Bing Xu are all Water; Ji Chou, Ji Wei are all Earth; Yi Mao, Yi You are all Metal; Ding Si, Ding Hai are all Wood. In sixty years, these twelve years are Tian Fu.) If Heavenly Qi generates Yun, it is called Shun Hua (Smooth Transformation). (e.g., Jia Zi year, first month is Bingyin; Bing Fire generates Earth. Zi represents the initial return of Yang, also carrying Fire intent, both generating Earth. Following Five Element generation, in sixty years, these twelve years are Shun Hua.) If Heavenly Qi restricts Yun, it is called Tian Xing (Heavenly Punishment). (e.g., Geng Zi year, first month is Wuyin; Wu Earth generates Metal, not Junhuo. Fire restricts Metal from below, following Five Element restriction. In sixty years, these twelve years are Tian Xing.) If Yun generates Heavenly Qi, it is called Xiao Ni (Minor Reverse). (e.g., Ren Zi year, first month is Renyin; Ren Water generates Wood. Zi is Junhuo, so Wood generates Fire from above. Theoretically, like a son overseeing a father's position, this is improper. In sixty years, these twelve years are Xiao Ni.) If Yun restricts Heavenly Qi, it is called Bu He (Disorder). (e.g., Bing Zi year, first month is Gengyin; Geng Metal generates Water. Zi is Water position, Bing Fire is weak; thus Water rises prosperously to restrict Fire. In sixty years, these twelve years are Bu He.) If Yun occupies its own elemental position, it is called Sui Hui (Year Assembly). When the Ten Heavenly Stems' Yun meets the Twelve Earthly Branches' Lu (Rhythm/Branches), and Five Elements converge, it is Sui Hui. Bing Zi, Wu Wu, Ding Mao, Yi You: Water, Fire, Wood, Metal Yun occupy them. Earth has no fixed position, thriving at the end of the four seasons, each for 18+ days: Jia Chen, Jia Xu, Ji Chou, Ji Wei. These eight years where Earth Yun occupies are called Sui Hui. Additionally, four years: Ren Yin (Wood), Geng Shen (Metal) are two Yang years. Gui Si (Fire), Xin Hai (Water) are two Yin years. These also have Yun meeting Year Branches but are not Sui Hui, deemed improper due to the middle month. Excluding the two Yang years, the two Yin years, though not named Sui Hui, still have assisting Five Elements above and below, making them Ping Qi (Balanced) years. When Tian Fu and Sui Hui combine, it is called Tai Yi Tian Fu. (e.g., Wu Wu year, first month is Shenyin; Jia Wood generates Fire. Wu occupies Li position, with Shaoyin Si Tian. Is this not Tian Fu combining with Sui Hui? In sixty years, Sui Hui occupies eight years, Tai Yi has four years.) When Excessive Yun adds to Earthly Qi, it is called Tong Tian Fu. (Geng Zi, Geng Wu years: Yun matches Si Tian/Zai Quan Dry Metal. Ren Yin, Ren Shen years: Yun matches Si Tian/Zai Quan Wind Wood. Jia Chen, Jia Xu years: Yun matches Si Tian/Zai Quan Damp Earth. In sixty years, these six years are Tong Tian Fu, Yang.) When Deficient Yun adds to Earthly Qi, it is called Tong Sui Hui. (Xin Chou, Xin Wei years: Yun matches Si Tian/Zai Quan Cold Water. Gui Mao, Gui You years: Yun matches Si Tian/Zai Quan Junhuo. Gui Si, Gui Hai years: Yun matches Si Tian/Zai Quan Xianghuo. In sixty years, these six years are Tong Sui Hui, Yin.) The Classic says: Establish the year first to clarify its Qi. Each year, establish Qi Yun, examine excess and deficiency, then take Earth's Zhu Qi as the root, and add Heaven's Ke Qi above as the marker, to seek changes in the Six Transformations. If Qi is victorious, follow the minor, restrain the severe. If Qi rebounds, calm the harmonious, deprive the violent. Follow the victorious Qi, settle the suppressed, aiming for balance. The Ming Tang Poem says: Jia Gallbladder, Yi Liver, Bing Small Intestine, Ding Heart, Wu Stomach, Ji Spleen, Geng Large Intestine, Xin Lung, Ren Bladder, Gui Kidney, San Jiao also resides in Ren's palace, Bao Luo returns to Gui's direction. This speaks of humans being born bearing Heavenly Stem Qi. It also says: Lung Yin, Large Intestine Mao, Stomach Chen, Spleen Si, Heart Wu, Small Intestine Wei, Bladder Shen, Kidney You, Heart/Bao Luo Xu, San Jiao Hai, Gallbladder Zi, Liver Chou. This speaks of Earthly Branches circulating Qi and Blood by time. Observing these three poems, Heaven and Earth's Qi flows continuously in the human body. Thus, if one Qi does not flow, generation and transformation cannot occur. Heaven has Six Qi, which humans honor with Three Yin and Three Yang above; Earth has Five Elements, which humans respond to with Five Zang and Six Fu below. Zang are Yin, their numbers odd, corresponding to Five Movements. Five Elements have substance on Earth, but Qi moves in Heaven. Fu are Yang, their numbers even, corresponding to Six Qi. Although Six Excesses descend from Heaven, their force inevitably fills Earth. Zi and Wu are the center and righteousness of Heaven and Earth, where Junhuo resides. Hand Shaoyin Heart Meridian (Wu Palace) and Foot Shaoyin Kidney Meridian (Zi Palace) occupy them. Chen and Xu are the leaders of the Seven Stars, where Cold Water resides. Hand Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian (Xu Palace) and Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian (Chen Palace) occupy them. However, Fire transforms from Water, and Water follows to the Kidney. Thus, Shaoyin is the Zang position, separated from Taiyang but united in Qi to form the Fu. Chou and Wei are the root and branch of returning Zang, where Damp Earth resides. Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian (Chou Palace) and Foot Taiyin Spleen Meridian (Wei Palace) occupy them. Mao and You are the path of Sun and Moon, where Dry Metal resides. Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian (Mao Palace) and Foot Yangming Stomach Meridian (You Palace) occupy them. However, Zi follows Mother (Earth), Earth prospers and Metal flourishes. Thus, Taiyin is the Zang position, separated from Yangming but united in Qi to form the Fu. Si and Hai are the gates of Heaven and Earth, where Wind Wood resides. (Although Mao is the true division of Wood, occupied by Yangming Dry Metal, Wood is born in Hai and oppositely transformed in Si.) Hand Jueyin Pericardium Meridian (Si Palace) and Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian (Hai Palace) occupy them. Yin and Shen grasp the beginning and end of generation, where Ministerial Fire resides. Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian (Yin Palace) and Hand Shaoyang San Jiao Meridian (Shen Palace) occupy them. However, Ministerial Fire resides in Liver and Kidney. Gallbladder is the Fu of Liver; Pericardium is the match of Kidney. Thus, Jueyin is the Zang position, separated from Shaoyang but united in Qi to form the Fu. In Nan Zheng (Southern Administration), if Three Yin governs Heaven, Cun (inch) pulses do not respond; if Three Yin governs Earth, Chi (cubit) pulses do not respond. In Bei Zheng (Northern Administration), if Three Yin governs Heaven, Chi pulses do not respond; if Three Yin governs Earth, Cun pulses do not respond. Non-responsive pulses are deep pulses. For all pulses not responding due to Si Tian and Zai Quan, discussion centers on Shaoyin. Thus, in Bei Zheng years, human Qi faces North, Cun is North, Chi is South. Earth's Left Interstitial Qi is in Right Cun, Earth's Right Interstitial Qi is in Left Cun. Heaven's Left Interstitial Qi is in Right Chi, Heaven's Right Interstitial Qi is in Left Chi. (*Essential Guidelines* says: Retreat two branches each year to find the Guest Home. e.g., in Zi year Si Tian, two branches later is Xu; Taiyang Hanshui is First Qi, Hai Jueyin Fengmu is Second Qi, Zi Shaoyin Junhuo is Third Qi, Chou Taiyin Shitu is Fourth Qi, Yin Shaoyang Xianghuo is Fifth Qi, Mao Yangming Zaojin is Sixth Qi. This states Six Qi revere Junhuo, and Five Elements value Damp Earth.) The Classic says: First know the Year Qi, do not violate Heaven's Harmony. It also says: One who does not know the Year's addition and the Qi's waxing/waning cannot be a physician. Students observing this together will become more proficient in Pulse and Syndrome diagnosis, achieving self-realization. Alas! The Way of Confucians is broad yet concise; the Way of Medicine is Yun Qi alone. How can students neglect thorough investigation?