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Those who cannot lie flat have both the branch (Biao, secondary aspect) and root (Ben, primary aspect) diseased (Continuation: The Lung is the branch, the Kidney is the root. In such cases, both the Lung and Kidney are diseased due to water pathogen). Therefore, Lung disease manifests as panting and calling, while Kidney disease manifests as edema; Lung Qi rebellion causes inability to lie flat (Continuation: The Lung governs respiration; when Qi rebels, one cannot lie flat); the Kidney governs water, and dysfunction in water metabolism leads to edema. If distinguishing by lesion site for naming, it indicates that Qi transmission is interconnected and both root and branch are affected, which is caused by the retention of water Qi (Continuation: Distinguishing by location names the condition; the interconnection of Qi implies that both root and branch suffer from the same pathogenic factor, specifically water retention. From *Shui Re Xue Lun*). Distinct pulsation of the neck vessels, rapid panting, and coughing indicate Water Disease (Continuation: Neck vessels refer to the Renying pulse below the ear and beside the larynx. When water Qi overflows upward, it steams the Lung, causing Yang Qi to rebel upwards, resulting in prominent neck vessel pulsation, coughing, and panting). Slight swelling of the eyelids resembling a sleeping silkworm indicates Water Disease; yellowish-red urine and somnolence indicate Jaundice (Continuation: Kidney labor and bladder heat cause yellowish-red urine. *Zheng Li Lun* states this is called "Labor Jaundice," caused by sexual exhaustion). Feeling hungry immediately after eating indicates Stomach Jaundice (Continusion: Stomach heat promotes digestion, leading to hunger even after meals). Facial swelling indicates Wind Disease (Continuation: Combined with facial swelling, this diagnoses Stomach Wind. The Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian traverses the face, hence this presentation). Swelling of the lower legs and ankles indicates Water Disease (Continuation: The Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian originates at the sole, ascends along the tibia through the inner thigh; thus, lower jiao water dampness causes swelling in the lower legs and ankles). Yellow eyes indicate Jaundice (Continuation: Yang Qi stagnates above, heat accumulates in the chest, and Yang-heat flares upward, causing yellow eyes. *Ling Shu* states eye yellowing indicates pathology in the chest; *Ping Ren Qi Xiang Lun* also confirms this). The Yellow Emperor asked: Why does the body experience unusual heat and fever accompanied by vexation and fullness? Qibo answered: This is because Yin Qi is deficient and Yang Qi is excessive, leading to heat, vexation, and fullness. The Yellow Emperor asked: Why does cold arise from within the body without external cold exposure or insufficient clothing? Qibo answered: This person has much Bi Qi (obstructive Qi), with deficient Yang Qi and excessive Yin Qi, making the body feel cold as if emerging from water (Continuation: This refers to imbalance of form, Qi, Yin, and Yang, not lack of clothing, but internal cold). The Yellow Emperor asked: Why do some people's limbs feel hot, burning like fire when exposed to wind-cold? Qibo answered: Such individuals have deficient Yin Qi and excessive Yang Qi. Limbs belong to Yang; when two Yangs combine with deficient Yin, a small amount of water cannot extinguish the raging fire, leaving Yang Qi to dominate alone. Alone dominating prevents growth and balance (Continuation: Water represents Yin, Fire represents Yang. Here, Yang is excess and Yin is deficiency, hence "small water cannot extinguish strong fire." 'Zhi' means govern; 'Sheng' means excess. Thus, only dominance exists without balance). Those who feel burning upon encountering wind will suffer muscle wasting (Continuation: 'Shuo' means to consume/melt. Long-term, these patients will experience muscle emaciation). The Yellow Emperor asked: Why does someone feel cold internally, unable to warm up with hot drinks or thick clothes, yet not shiver? Qibo answered: Such individuals historically have dominant Kidney Qi and excessive sexual desire (implied). Taiyang Qi is weak, Kidney essence is dried up, and one water cannot overcome two fires. The Kidney belongs to Water and generates Bone; if the Kidney fails, Marrow cannot fill, causing cold to penetrate to the bone. They do not shiver because the Liver is One-Yang, the Heart is Two-Yangs, and the Kidney is an isolated Zang organ. One water cannot overcome two fires, hence no shivering. This disease is named Bone Bi, and the patient will likely experience joint stiffness (Continuation: If Kidney fails, Marrow is insufficient; insufficient Marrow leads to dry tendons and stiff joints. From *Tiao Ni Lun*). The Yellow Emperor asked: What about Chang Pi (dysentery-like disorder) with blood in stool? Qibo answered: Fever indicates death; cold indicates survival (Continuation: Heat indicates blood corruption/death; cold indicates Ying Qi remains/survival). What about Chang Pi with white mucus? Answer: Deep pulse indicates survival; floating pulse indicates death (Continuation: Yin disease presenting with Yang pulse contradicts symptoms, indicating death). What about Chang Pi with pus and blood? Answer: Hanging-extreme pulse indicates death; slippery and large pulse indicates survival. What about Chang Pi type where there is no fever and pulse is not hanging-extreme? Answer: Slippery-large pulse indicates survival; hanging-rough pulse indicates death, predicted by Zang organ timing (Continuation: e.g., Liver disease dies on Geng-Xin days, Heart disease on Ren-Gui days; this is predicting by Zang timing). What about Dian Ji (epilepsy/mania)? Answer: Large-slippery pulse improves over time; small-firm-rapid pulse indicates death and untreatability (Continuation: Small-firm-rapid is Yin pulse; Dian is Yang disease; seeing Yin pulse in Yang disease indicates death. Chao Yuanfang notes deep-small-rapid-solid is fatal, small-steady-rapid is also untreatable). What about the deficiency/excess of Dian Ji pulses? Answer: Deficiency is treatable; excess is fatal (Continuation: Due to contradictory symptoms. Note: Earlier text says large-slippery pulse self-resolves, seeming excess; later says deficiency treatable, excess fatal. Perhaps large-slippery contains hidden deficiency signs). What about Xiao Dan (wasting-thirst disorder) deficiency/excess? Answer: Excess pulse with long-standing illness is treatable; hanging-small-firm pulse with long-standing illness is untreatable (Commentary: Xiao means emaciation, Dan means劳热 [labor-heat]. Pulse excess in chronic illness suggests Qi/Blood decline shouldn't present as excess, implying untreatability. Chao Yuanfang says large-numerous pulse survives, small-floating dies; deep-small survives, solid-large dies. Contradictions exist; pulse must be combined with symptoms to determine prognosis). Generally treating Xiao Dan (Xiao means internal consumption, Dan means latent heat), Pu Ji (collapse/stroke), Pian Ku (hemiplegia), Wei Jue (numbness/cold limbs), Qi Man Ni (Qi fullness/rebellion), and diseases of obese/noble people (Gao Liang disorders). Ge (blockage) involves closure and upper-lower non-communication, caused by sudden sorrow. Sudden Jue with deafness or unilateral blockage is caused by sudden internal Qi assault. These are not Wind diseases from external or internal invasion, so they remain lingering and emaciated (Sliding Note: Gao Liang disorder, sudden sorrow, internal Qi assault are not external/internal Wind diseases. Since not external, pathology lingers and causes emaciation, unlike Wind which moves quickly. 'Shou' should be 'Sou' [hidden/concealed], meaning lingering concealment. Hence below mentions foot lameness/cold-damp-wind, which IS external). Lameness, cold, and damp-wind diseases affect the feet. Excess dampness impairs tendons; excess cold causes tendon cramping; excess wind-cold-damp causes Wei Qi aggregation, leading to internal pain and inability to walk. Jaundice, sudden sorrow, Dian Ji, and Jue Qiang are generated by long-term Qi rebellion (Continuation: Foot Three-Yang meridians go from head to foot. Long-term rebellion prevents downward flow, causing Qi stagnation in upper jiao, leading to jaundice, sudden mania, and Qi rebellion). Disharmony of Five Zang organs arises from obstruction of Six Fu organs; headache, tinnitus, and dysfunction of nine orifices arise from the intestines and stomach (From *Tong Ping Xu Shi Lun*). The Yellow Emperor asked: A patient has heart and abdominal fullness, able to eat in the morning but not in the evening. What is this? Qibo answered: It is called Gu Zhang (Drum Distension). How to treat? Use Ji Shi Li (Chicken Dropping Fermented Liquid) (Slightly cold, strongly promotes urination, taken as decoction). One dose brings relief, two doses cure. Why recurrence? Because of irregular diet causing periodic Qi accumulation in the abdomen. The Yellow Emperor asked: A patient has chest and hypochondriac distension interfering with eating, smelling foul odors first, clear fluid discharge, spitting blood first, cold limbs, dizziness, and frequent bleeding from bowels/bladder. What is this and its cause? Qibo answered: Blood枯 (Blood Depletion/Ku). Caused by major blood loss in youth or sex during drunkenness, depleting Qi and injuring Liver, leading to scanty or absent menstruation (Continuation: Drunkenness increases blood flow and internal heat; sex depletes Marrow/Essence, exhausting Kidney Qi. Liver stores Blood; loss injures Liver. Men lose Essence; women lose menstruation). Treatment: Combine four parts Cuttlefish Bone (Wu Zei Gu) and two parts Rubia cordifolia (Xu Ru), pill with quail egg size, five pills taken after meal (Hou Fan), washed down with Abalone juice to benefit intestines (Alternative version: injures liver/intestines). Continuation: These herbs don't directly treat Blood Depletion but address its origin. Scanty menstruation implies stasis; depleted essence implies impotence. Cuttlefish Bone treats amenorrhea; Xu Ru disperses bad blood; Quail Egg treats impotence and generates essence; Abalone treats stasis/bi in limbs. Meaning derived from context. *Jia Yi Jing* writes Xu Ru as Lu Ru. The Yellow Emperor asked: Fullness in lower abdomen with roots above/below/left/right. What is this? Treatable? Qibo answered: Fu Liang (Hidden Beam). This differs significantly from Heart Accumulation Fu Liang. Names same, reality different. Cause: Large pus-blood located outside intestines/stomach (between Chong and Dai meridians). Untreatable; pressing kills. Why? Lowerly it affects Yin (presses Yin Qi), causing pus-blood discharge; upperly it presses Stomach opening, diaphragm, and causes internal abscess near Stomach (Continuation: Dai meridian crosses below navel; Chong ascends from Guan Yuan. Lesion here causes lower abdominal fullness with roots. Hardness resembles hidden beam, hence name. Pressing causes unbearable pain/death due to Chong meridian pathways. Upper pressure causes abscess; lower pressure causes discharge. Root cause is pus-blood outside GI tract. "Sheng" should be "Chu"; "Xie Wei" should be "Shi Wei"). Chronic disease, difficult to treat. Above navel is Ni (Rebellious/Opposite); below navel is Cong (Compliant/Favorable). Do not move aggressively, but frequently drain (Continuation: Above navel approaches Heart, hence Ni; below navel is distant, hence Cong. 'Ji' means frequent; 'Duo' means drain/remove. Do not shift position, but repeatedly drain). The Yellow Emperor asked: Body, thighs, and calves swollen, pain around navel. What is this? Qibo answered: Fu Liang (Continuation: Chong Meridian disease. Originates below Kidney, exits Qi Chuan, follows inner thigh to popliteal fossa, down tibia to medial malleolus. Ascending branch exits Guan Yuan, goes straight up navel and abdomen. Circular pain reflects this path). This is Wind Gen (Continuation: Four characters may be redundant, or stagnation transforms into Wind, hence "Wind Gen"). Qi overflows to Large Intestine and attaches to Huang (Tripler/Membrane). Huang Yuan is below navel, hence circular pain (Continuation: Large Intestine includes Hui Chang and Guang Chang. Hui Chang loops right of navel; Guang Chang attaches to spine. Both connect to Lung, hence统称 Large Intestine. Huang Yuan name Bo Tian, 1.5 cun below navel). Do not manipulate; manipulation causes water retention and difficult urination (Continuation: Chong originates Kidney, exits Qi Chuan, ascends from Bao Zhong to Guan Yuan. Manipulation induces water/difficult urination. 'Dong' means using drugs to induce severe purging. From *Fu Zhong Lun*). The Yellow Emperor asked: Diagnosis for Stomach Abscess? Qibo answered: Observe Stomach Pulse (Right wrist outer position observes Stomach). Pulse should be deep and fine. Deep/fine indicates Qi rebellion (Continuation: Stomach is Sea of Food/Water, usually robust Qi/Blood. Deep/fine pulse is contrary to normal). Rebellion makes Renying pulse very full/fullness indicates heat (Continuation: Deep/fine is Cold; Cold repels Yang, causing Renying to be full/hot. Renying is side artery). Renying is Stomach pulse. Rebellion and fullness cause Heat to gather at Stomach opening without flowing, forming Stomach Abscess (Continuation: Robust Qi/Blood and internal heat merge, forming abscess). The Yellow Emperor asked: Neck Abscess treated successfully by both stone needle and acupuncture. What is the true method? Qibo answered: Same disease, different treatments (Continuation: 'Zhen' means true method. Though both called Neck Abscess, skin/pathology differs). For abscess with stagnant Qi/dead flesh, use needle to open and remove. For Qi excess and blood gathering, use stone needle to drain. This is "Same Disease, Different Treatment" (Continuation: 'Xi' means rot/dead flesh. Stone needles break abscess/drains pus; now replaced by needles). The Yellow Emperor asked: Manic rage disease. Origin? Qibo answered: Born from Yang. How does Yang cause mania? Qibo answered: Yang Qi suffers sudden frustration and difficulty resolving, leading to anger. Disease name: Yang Jue (Continuation: Yang Qi frustrated, stagnant. Frequent anger due to sudden mental blockage. All result from extreme Yang rebellion/restlessness). How to diagnose? Qibo answered: Yangming pulse always moves; Juyang (Taiyang) and Shaoyang do not move. If non-moving ones move rapidly, it is pathological (Continuation: Yangming moves at Renying. Shaoyang moves at Tianchuang. Taiyang moves at Tianchuang. Movement where none should exist indicates disease. *Jia Yi Jing* corrects positions). Treatment? Qibo answered: Restrict food. Food enters Yin, nourishes Yang; restricting food stops the disease (Continuation: Less food means less Qi generation; restricting food stops pathology). Give Sheng Tie Luo (Iron Filings) drink (Alternative: Iron Drops, taken after meal, or Iron Slurry). Sheng Tie Luo descends Qi rapidly. The Yellow Emperor asked: Fever, flaccidity, profuse sweating like bathing, aversion to wind, shortness of breath. What is this? Qibo answered: Jiu Feng (Alcohol Wind) (Continuation: Wind struck after drinking. Extreme drinking increases Yang Qi, opens pores/xuanfu. Yang excess causes tendon weakness/flaccidity; open pores allow wind attack and Qi leakage/profuse sweat. External wind thins skin, internal heat steams Lung, causing aversion to wind/shortness of breath. Named Alcohol Wind). Treatment: Ze Xie 10 parts, Zhu (Atractylodes) 10 parts, Mi Xian (Elk Antler/Herb?) 5 parts. Mix, take three fingers pinch after meal (Continuation: Originally for wind/sweating; Mi Xian for damp-wind/tendon weakness; Ze Xhe for damp-wind/Qi. Taken after meal. From *Bing Neng Lun*). The Yellow Emperor asked: Hypochondriac fullness, Qi stagnation for 2-3 years. What is this? Qibo answered: Xi Ji (Breathing Accumulation). Does not interfere with eating. Do not moxa or needle. Accumulation requires Daoyin (guiding/qi exercises) and medicine; medicine alone cannot cure (Continuation: No mass in abdomen, hypochondriac fullness, persistent for years. Xi Ji means Qi rebellion/difficulty breathing. Qi not in Stomach, so eating unaffected. Moxa creates wind; needle causes deficiency. Only Daoyin circulates Qi; long-term medicine resolves stasis. Medicine alone fails without Daoyin). The Yellow Emperor asked: Headache lasting years. Cause? Name? (Continuation: Brain governs Marrow, Teeth are bone surplus. Brain cold makes bone cold, causing headache/toothache. Or: Brain forms first, then Marrow, then Teeth). Disease name: Jue Ni (Rebellious Counterflow). The Yellow Emperor asked: Sweet taste in mouth. Name? Cause? Qibo answered: Overflow of Five Qi, named Pi Dan (Spleen Heat/Dan) (Continuation: Dan means heat. Spleen heat affects four other Zang, causing Five Qi overflow. Named Spleen Dan due to heat origin). Five flavors enter Stomach; Spleen transports Jing Qi. Fluids stay in Spleen, causing sweet taste (Continuation: Spleen heat seeps fluids; spleen/stomach transform grain, residual Jing Qi overflows to mouth via Spleen Qi. Fluids in Spleen indicate Spleen dampness). Caused by rich/greasy food. Frequent consumption of sweet/rich foods causes internal heat and middle fullness. Qi overflows upward, transforming into Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst) (Continuation: Rich food closes pores, trapping Yang heat internally. Sweet food slows dispersion, causing fullness. Internal heat flares up causing thirst; fullness causes Spleen Qi overflow. Hence "Qi overflows, transforming into Wasting-Thirst"). Treatment: Lan Cao (Orchid Grass) to remove stale Qi (Continuation: Lan is Orchid Grass. Chen means old/stale. Removes stale qi from undigested sweet/rich food. Pungent flavor disperses). The Yellow Emperor asked: Bitter taste in mouth. Name? Cause? Qibo answered: Dan Dan (Gallbladder Heat/Dan) (Continuation: Dan means heat. Gallbladder bile is bitter, hence bitter taste). Liver is General of the Middle, decides based on Gallbladder; Pharynx is its envoy (Continuation: Liver is General of Strategy; Gallbladder is Official of Justice/Decision. Liver/Gallbladder paired, Qi connected. Decisions depend on Gallbladder. Pharynx connects to Gallbladder, acting as envoy. *Jia Yi Jing* says Gallbladder is Middle Essence Organ, Five Zang decide based on it, Pharynx is envoy. Text may be erroneous). Frequent deliberation without decision causes Gallbladder deficiency and Qi overflow, leading to bitter taste. Treatment: Gallbladder Mu and Shu points (Continuation: Mu points on chest/abdomen, Shu on back. Gallbladder Mu: Qimen, 1 cun below nipple; Shu: Bian Liu, 1.5 cun lateral to 10th thoracic vertebra. From *Qi Bing Lun*).