案本草苏敬云。香蒲可作荐者。春初生取白为菹。又苏颂云。其中心入地。白 大如匕柄者。生啖之。
知是蒲白。乃蒲 。一名蒲笋。
麋脂。及梅李子。若妊妇食之。令子青盲。男子伤精。（外台。引肘后云。麋脂不可合梅李食。）
〔程〕麋脂忌梅李。故不可合食。按麋蹄下有二窍。为夜
目。淮南子曰。孕女见麋而子四目。今食麋脂而令子青盲。物类相感。了不可知。其于胎教。不可不慎也。
又麋脂能痿阳伤精。麋角能兴阳益髓。何一体中。而性治顿异耶。
案李时珍云。麋似鹿而色青黑。大如小牛。肉蹄。目下有二窍为夜目。程云。蹄下有二窍恐误。
獐肉。不可合虾及生菜梅李果食之。皆病患。
〔程〕獐肉。十二月。至七月食之。动气。虾能动风热。生菜梅李。动痰。合食之。皆令人病。
痼疾人。不可食熊肉。令终身不愈。
〔程〕张鼎云。腹中有积聚寒热者。食熊肉。永不除。白犬。自死不出舌者。食之害人。
〔鉴〕凡犬死。必吐舌。惟中毒而死。其舌不吐。毒在内也。故食之害人。
食狗鼠余。令人发 疮。
〔程〕余。狗鼠之剩食也。其涎毒在食中。人食之则毒散于筋络。令发 疮。
巢源。养生方云。正月勿食鼠残食。作鼠 。发于颈项。或毒入腹。下血不止。或口生疮。如有虫食。
治食犬肉不消。心下坚。或腹胀口干大渴。心急发热。妄语如狂。或洞下方。（千金同）
杏仁（一升合皮熟研用。）
以沸汤三升。和取汁。分三服。利下肉片。大验。
〔程〕犬肉。畏杏仁。故能治犬肉不消。近人以之治狂犬咬。皆此意。
妇人妊娠。不可食兔肉山羊肉。及鳖鸡鸭。令子无声音。
〔程〕妊娠食兔肉。则令子缺唇。食羊肉。则令子多热。
食鳖肉。则令子项短。不令无声音也。若食犬肉。则令子无
声音。鸡鸭肉。胎产需以补益。二者不必忌之。
〔鉴〕此数者。妊妇皆不当食也。
案二说未详孰是。故两存之。
兔肉。不可合白鸡肉食之。令人面发黄。（外台引肘后云。兔肉。不可杂獭肉及白鸡心食。）
〔鉴〕二物合食。动脾气而发黄。故不可合食。
千金黄帝云。兔肉和獭肝食之。三日必成遁尸。共白鸡肝心食之。令人而失色。一年成疸黄。
兔肉。着干姜食之。成霍乱。
〔程〕兔肉味酸。干姜味辛。辛能胜酸。故合食之。成霍
乱。陶弘景曰。并不可与橘芥同食。二味亦辛物也。
凡鸟自死。口不闭。翅不合者。不可食之。（外台。引肘后。闭作开。）
〔程〕鸟自死。必敛翅闭口。若张翅开口。其死也异。其肉也必毒。不可食之。
诸禽肉。肝青者。食之杀人。
〔程〕青者。必毒物所伤。故食之能杀人。
鸡有六翮四距者。不可食之。（千金。引黄帝。作六距。本草。引食疗。作六指。）
〔鉴〕距。鸡脚爪也。形有怪异者。有毒。故不可食。
乌鸡白首者。不可食之。
〔鉴〕色有不相合者。有毒。不可食。
鸡不可共葫蒜食之。滞气。（〔原注〕一云。鸡子。○案葫蒜。即大蒜。）
〔程〕鸡。能动风。蒜。能动痰。风痰发动。则气壅滞。
山鸡。不可合鸟兽肉食之。
〔程〕山鸡。 鸡也。小于雉而尾长。人多畜之樊中。性
食虫蚁而有毒。非唯不可共鸟兽肉同食。即单食亦在所忌也。
雉肉。久食之。令人瘦。
〔程〕雉肉。有小毒。发疮疥。生诸虫。以此则令人瘦。
鸭卵不可合鳖肉食之。
〔程〕鸭卵性寒。发冷气。鳖肉性冷。亦发冷气。不可合食。
妇人妊娠。食雀肉。令子淫乱无耻。（金鉴。肉下。有饮酒二字。案此根据陶弘景注而补之。）
〔程〕雀性最淫。周书云。季秋雀入大水为蛤。雀不入水。国多淫 。物类相感。理所必然。妊
娠当戒食之。古慎胎教也。
雀肉。不可合李子食之。
〔程〕雀肉壮阳益气。得李子酸涩。则热性不行。故不可共食。
燕肉。勿食。入水为蛟龙所啖。
〔程〕淮南子曰。燕入水为蜃蛤。高诱注。谓蚊龙嗜燕。人食燕者。不可入水。而祈祷家。用燕
召龙。能兴波祈雨。故名游波。雷公曰。海竭江枯。投游波而立泛。其召龙之说。似亦有之也。
鸟兽有中毒箭死者。其肉有毒。解之方。大豆煮汁。及盐汁。服之解。
〔程〕箭药多是射罔毒。射罔。乃乌头所熬。大豆汁。能解乌头毒故也。咸能胜热。故盐亦解其毒。
巢源云。射猎人。多用射罔药。涂箭头。以射虫鹿伤皮则死。以其有毒故也。人获此肉。除箭处。
毒肉不尽。食之则被毒致死。其不死者。所误食肉处去毒箭远。毒瓦斯不深。
其毒则轻。虽不死。犹能令人困闷吐利。身体痹不安。罔药以生乌头捣汁。用作之是也。
案肘后云。肉有箭毒。以蓝汁大豆。解射罔毒。又外台。引张文仲云。禽兽有中毒箭死者其肉有毒。
可以蓝汁大豆。解射罔也。根据此则盐是蓝之讹。字形相似也。
千金云。甘草解百药毒。方称大豆汁解百药毒。余试之大悬绝不及甘草。又能加之为甘豆汤。其验尤奇。
鱼头正白。如连珠。至脊上。食之杀人。（以下四条。外台。引肘后。）
鱼头中。无鳃者。不可食之。杀人。（〔程〕能杀人。详酉阳杂俎。）
鱼无肠胆者。不可食之。三年阴不起。女子绝生。
鱼头。似有角者。不可食之。
鱼目合者。不可食之。
〔鉴〕以上皆怪异之形色。必有毒也。
六甲日。勿食鳞甲之物。
〔程〕六甲日。有六甲之神。以直日。食鳞甲。则犯其忌也。
本草思邈云。损人神。
鱼不可合鸡肉食之。（外台。引肘后。）
〔程〕今人常合食之。亦不见为害。或飞潜之物。合食所
当忌耶。或过之不消。则鱼能动火。鸡能动风。能令作病耶。
本草。弘景云。鸡同鱼汁食。成心瘕。
鱼不得合鸬 肉食之。（外台。引肘后。）
〔程〕鸬 食鱼物。相制而相犯也。不可合食。
本草。孟诜云。鸬 性制鱼。若合食不利人。
鲤鱼 。不可合小豆藿食之。其子不可合猪肝食之。害人。
〔程〕鲤鱼 。小豆藿。味皆咸。咸能胜血。故陶弘景云。合食成消渴。其子合猪肝食。伤人神。
〔鉴〕小豆藿。即小豆叶也。
鲤鱼。不可合犬肉食之。（外台。引肘后。犬上。有白字。）
〔程〕鲤鱼犬肉。俱令热中。不可合食。
鲫鱼。不可合猴雉肉食之。一云。不可合猪肝食。（外台。引肘后。雉肉。作猪肝。）
〔程〕鲫鱼。同猴雉肉猪肝食。生痈疽。
鱼。合鹿肉生食。令人筋甲缩。（外台。引肘后云。 鱼不可合鹿肉食之。）
〔程〕 鱼。 鱼也。 鱼鹿肉。皆能治风。生食反伤其筋脉。致令筋甲缩。
青鱼 。不可合生胡荽。及生葵并麦酱食之。（酱。原本作中。今根据程本金鉴改之。外台。引肘后。作酱。）
〔程〕青鱼 。不益人。胡荽生葵。能动风。发痼疾。必与青鱼 不相宜。 味咸。麦酱亦咸。合食必作消渴。
鳅鳝。不可合白犬血食之。
〔程〕鳅鳝。为无鳞鱼。白犬血。为地厌。非唯不可合食。
抑卫生家所当忌也。又鳅鳝善窜。能动风。白犬血。性热能动火。是不可合食。
龟肉。不可合酒果子食之。（外台。引肘后云。不可合瓜。及饮酒。）
〔程〕仲景以龟肉忌酒果子。而苏恭以龟肉酿酒。治大风。
陶弘景曰。龟多神灵。人不可轻杀。更不可轻啖也。果子。亦不知何果。
鳖目凹陷者。及厌下有王字形者。不可食之。（凹。赵作回。
非。厌。赵及外台。引肘后。作压。程金鉴。作腹。）
〔程〕淮南子曰。鳖无耳。以目为听。目凹陷则历年多。而神内守。故名曰神守。若有王字。则
物已灵异矣。食之有害。
案厌压。并与厣同。唐韵。厣于琰反。腹下厣。
其肉不得合鸡鸭子食之。（外台。引肘后。赵其上。有又字。）
〔程〕鳖肉令人患水。鸡子令人动风。鸭子令人气短。不可合食。
龟鳖肉。不可合苋菜食之。（外台。引肘后。）
〔程〕龟鳖肉。皆反苋菜。食之成鳖瘕。
陶弘景云。昔有人。锉鳖。以赤苋同包。置湿地。经旬皆成生鳖。
虾无须。及腹中通黑。煮之反白者。不可食之。（外台。引肘后。）
〔程〕无须。失虾之形。腹黑。必虾之毒。色白反虾之色。物既反常。必不可食。
食脍。饮乳酪。令人腹中生虫为瘕。
〔程〕 。乃生鱼所作。非胃弱所宜。乳酪之性。粘滞。合而食之。则停留于胃。为瘕为虫也。
食之。在心胸间不化。吐复不出。速下除之。久成 病。治之方。
橘皮（一两） 朴硝（二两） 大黄（二两○肘后千金用三两）
上三味。以水一大升。煮至小升。顿服即消。（案据千金。大升。当二升。小升。当一升。）
〔程〕橘皮。能解鱼毒。硝黄。能下 瘕。
千金。治食鱼 。及生肉。在胸膈中不化。吐之不出。便成 瘕。方。
浓朴（三两） 大黄（二两）
上二味。 咀。以酒二升。煮取一升。尽服立消。人强者。倍大黄。用酒三升。煮取二升。再服之。
又治食鱼 不消方。
大黄（三两切） 朴硝（二两）
上二味。以酒二升。煮取一升。顿服之。注云。仲景方。有橘皮一两。
肘后。食猪肉。遇冷不消。必成虫 。下之方。
大黄。朴硝。各一两。芒硝亦佳。煮取一升。尽服之。若不消。并皮研杏子。汤三升和。三服。吐出。神验。
食 多不消。结为 病。治之方。（外台。引肘后。作疗食 过多。冷不消。不疗必成虫瘕。）
马鞭草
上一味。捣汁饮之。○或以姜叶汁。饮之一升。亦消。○又可服吐药吐之。（外台。引肘后。作
马鞭草。捣绞取汁。饮一升。即消去。亦宜服诸吐药吐之。千金同。云生姜亦良。）
〔程〕马鞭草。味苦寒。下 瘕破血。姜叶。亦能解鱼毒。
食鱼后。食毒。两种烦乱。治之方。（千金注。引肘后云。治食鱼中毒。面肿烦乱者。今本。面肿以下无。）
橘皮
浓煎汁。服之。即解。（千金云。煮橘皮。停极冷冻饮料。立验。）
〔程〕神农经曰。橘皮。主胸中瘕热逆气。通神明。鱼毒食毒。俱可解。
食 鱼。中毒方。（徐沈无 字。非。）
芦根
煮汁服之。即解。（肘后云。食鲈鱼肝。及 鱼。中毒。锉芦根。煮汁饮一二升。良。）
〔鉴〕 。即河豚鱼。味美。其腹 。呼为西施乳。头无鳃。身无鳞。其肝毒血杀人。脂令舌麻。
子令腹胀。眼令目花。惟芦根汁能解之。
〔程〕河豚。畏芦根。故其汁可解其毒。
巢源云。此鱼肝。及腹内子。有大毒。不可食。食之往往致死。
蟹目相向。足斑。目赤者。不可食之。（外台。引肘后。）
〔程〕蟹骨眼而相背。相向者其蟹异。足斑目赤者。其蟹毒。故不可食。
食蟹。中毒治之方。
紫苏
煮汁。饮之三升。○紫苏子。捣汁饮之。亦良。（徐沈。脱子字。）
外台。引肘后。疗食蟹。及诸肴膳中毒方。浓煮香苏。
饮汁一升解。本仲景方。证类本草。引金匮方。三升下云。以子汁饮之。亦治凡蟹未经霜多毒。
又方 冬瓜汁。饮二升。食冬瓜。亦可。
〔程〕紫苏。冬瓜。并解鱼蟹毒。
傅肱蟹谱云。不可与柿子同食。发霍乱。孟诜云。大黄紫苏冬瓜汁。解之即瘥。
凡蟹。未遇霜多毒。其熟者乃可食之。（外台。引肘后。者。作煮。）
〔程〕未遇霜者。霜降节前也。节前食水莨菪。故有毒。
霜降节后。食稻将蛰。则熟而味美。乃可食也。莨菪。生水滨。有大毒。
巢源云。此蟹食水莨。水莨有大毒。故蟹亦有毒。则闷乱欲死。若经霜以后。遇毒。即不能害人。未被
霜蟹。煮食之。则多有中毒令人闷乱。精神不安。肘后云。是水莨所为。蟛蜞亦有毒。蔡谟食之几死。本
草云。未被霜。甚有毒。食水莨菪所致。人中之多死。霜后将蛰。故味美。乃可食之。
案熟字。外台巢源为熟煮之义。然蟹非可生食物。则其不熟煮者。人亦不食。因疑熟。或者蛰之讹。
蜘蛛。落食中。有毒勿食之。
〔程〕蜘蛛有毒。落食中。或有尿。有丝。粘食上。故不可食。
凡蜂蝇虫蚁等。多集食上。食之致 。
〔程〕蜂蝇虫蚁。禀湿热而有毒。集食上而人食之。湿热之毒。传于肌肉。致生 疮。
案巢源。有蜂 蝇 蚁 。皆由饮食内有蜂蝇等。因误
食之。毒入于五脏。流出经络。变生诸 。证证各异。今不繁引。
According to Su Jing's *Bencao* (Materia Medica): Cattail (*Pu*) can be used as mats. In early spring, when it sprouts, the white part is harvested and pickled (Zu). Furthermore, Su Song records: The central part that enters the ground, white and about the size of a spoon handle, can be eaten raw.
Thus, "Pu Bai" (Cattail White) is identified as the cattail shoot, also known as Pu Sun.
Elk fat (*Mi Zhi*), along with plums (*Mei*) and Chinese dates (*Li*), if consumed by pregnant women, may cause their children to suffer from Qing Mang (blindness/vision impairment); in men, it damages the essence (Jing). (*Waitai Miyao* cites *Zhouhou Beiji Fang*: Elk fat should not be eaten with plums or Chinese dates.)
[Cheng Lin] Elk fat is incompatible with plums and Chinese dates, hence they should not be eaten together. It is recorded that elk hooves have two pores, called "Night Eyes." *Huainanzi* states: If a pregnant woman sees an elk, her child will have four eyes. Now, eating elk fat causing blindness in the child is due to the resonance between species, which is incomprehensible. One must be cautious regarding prenatal education (Tai Jiao).
Moreover, elk fat can flaccidize Yang Qi and damage essence, whereas elk horn can stimulate Yang and benefit marrow. Why do they differ so drastically in nature and therapeutic effects within the same organism?
Li Shizhen records: The elk resembles a deer but is dark green-black in color, sized like a calf, has cloven hooves, and two pores under the eyes for night vision. Cheng Lin suggests that the claim of two pores under the hooves might be erroneous.
Chevrotain meat (*Zhang Rou*) should not be eaten with shrimp, raw vegetables, plums, or other fruits, as this will induce disease.
[Cheng Lin] Eating chevrotain meat between the twelfth and seventh months agitates Qi. Shrimp induces wind-heat; raw vegetables and plums induce phlegm-dampness. Consuming them together causes illness.
Individuals with chronic diseases (*Gu Ji*) should not consume bear meat, as it may lead to lifelong non-healing.
[Cheng Lin] Zhang Ding states: Those with accumulations of cold and heat in the abdomen who eat bear meat will never recover. If a white dog dies naturally without its tongue protruding, consuming it harms humans.
[Zhao Liangjian] When dogs die, they invariably protrude their tongues. Only when dying from poisoning does the tongue remain inside, indicating internal toxicity. Thus, consumption is harmful.
Consuming leftovers from dogs or rats causes malignant sores.
[Cheng Lin] "Leftovers" refer to food remnants from dogs and rats. Their saliva toxins reside in the food; ingestion disperses toxins into the sinews and collaterals, inducing malignant sores.
*Zhuzhu Bingyuan Hulun · Yangsheng Fang* states: Do not consume rat residues in the first lunar month, as it triggers Shu Lou (scrofula/lymphatic tuberculosis) on the neck, or allows toxin entry into the abdomen causing persistent hematochezia, or oral ulcers feeling like insect bites.
Treatment for indigestion of dog meat, presenting with hardness below the heart, abdominal distension, dry mouth with excessive thirst, cardiac irritability, fever, delirium resembling mania, or profuse diarrhea. (*Qianjin Fang* is identical.)
Apricot Kernels (*Xing Ren*) (1 sheng, processed with skin, cooked and ground)
Mix with 3 sheng of boiling water, extract the juice, and divide into three doses. This effectively expels undigested meat fragments.
[Cheng Lin] Dog meat fears apricot kernels, thus treating indigestion. Modern usage for rabies bites follows this principle.
Pregnant women should avoid rabbit meat, wild goat meat, turtle, chicken, and duck meat, lest the child be born mute.
[Cheng Lin] Rabbit meat during pregnancy causes cleft lip; mutton causes excess heat. Turtle meat causes a short neck, not muteness. Dog meat causes muteness. Chicken and duck are nourishing for gestation and childbirth and need not be avoided.
[Zhao Liangjian] All these are contraindicated for pregnant women.
Since both theories are unclear, both are preserved.
Rabbit meat should not be eaten with white chicken meat, as it causes facial yellowing. (*Waitai Miyao* cites *Zhouhou Beiji Fang*: Rabbit meat should not be mixed with otter meat or white chicken hearts.)
[Zhao Liangjian] These two foods combined disturb Spleen Qi, leading to jaundice; hence, they should not be eaten together.
*Qianjin Fang* (Huangdi) states: Rabbit meat with otter liver causes Dun Shi (a type of latent accumulation) within three days. With white chicken liver and heart, it causes pallor and leads to jaundice after one year.
Rabbit meat eaten with dried ginger (*Gan Jiang*) causes Huoluan (cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea).
[Cheng Lin] Rabbit meat is sour; dried ginger is pungent. Pungency overcomes sourness, causing Huoluan when combined. Tao Hongjing adds: Neither should be eaten with tangerine peel or mustard greens, as they are also pungent.
Birds that die naturally with mouths open and wings spread should not be eaten. (*Waitai Miyao* cites *Zhouhou Beiji Fang*, reading "open" instead of "closed".)
[Cheng Lin] Naturally dead birds retract wings and close mouths. Open wings and mouths indicate abnormal death and toxic meat.
Poultry livers that are green are lethal if consumed.
[Cheng Lin] Green color indicates poisoning by toxic substances; thus, consumption is fatal.
Chickens with six primary flight feathers (*He*) and four spurs (*Ju*) should not be eaten. (*Qianjin Fang* cites *Huangdi Nei Jing* as "six spurs"; *Bencao* cites *Shiliao* as "six toes".)
[Zhao Liangjian] Spurs are the claws' projections. Abnormal morphology indicates toxicity; hence, avoidance.
Black chickens with white heads should not be eaten.
[Zhao Liangjian] Discolored mismatches indicate toxicity; hence, avoidance.
Chicken should not be eaten with garlic (*Hu Suan*), as it stagnates Qi. ([Original Note]: Some say egg. ○考证: Hu Suan refers to garlic.)
[Cheng Lin] Chicken induces wind; garlic induces phlegm. Wind-phlegm agitation causes Qi stagnation.
Pheasant (*Shan Ji*) should not be eaten with other bird or beast meats.
[Cheng Lin] Shan Ji is a wild pheasant, smaller than common pheasants with long tails, often kept in cages. It eats insects and ants and possesses toxicity. It is forbidden not only to mix with other meats but also to eat alone.
Pheasant meat, if consumed long-term, causes emaciation.
[Cheng Lin] Pheasant meat has slight toxicity, inducing sores, scabies, and parasites, leading to weight loss.
Duck eggs should not be eaten with turtle meat.
[Cheng Lin] Duck eggs are cold-natured, inducing cold qi; turtle meat is also cold, inducing cold qi. They should not be combined.
Pregnant women eating sparrow meat may give birth to children prone to licentiousness and shamelessness. (*Yizong Jinjian* adds "drinking wine" after "meat".考证: Based on Tao Hongjing's annotation.)
[Cheng Lin] Sparrows are highly lustful. *Zhou Shu* notes: In late autumn, sparrows enter large waters and transform into clams. If sparrows do not enter water, the state suffers from licentiousness. This is species resonance. Pregnancy requires abstinence. This reflects ancient caution in prenatal education.
Sparrow meat should not be eaten with plums.
[Cheng Lin] Sparrow meat strengthens Yang and benefits Qi; plum's astringency blocks this heat, making combination inadvisable.
Swallow meat should not be eaten. Entering water, it is devoured by dragons.
[Cheng Lin] *Huainanzi* states: Swallows entering water transform into clams. Gao You's commentary: Dragons favor swallows. Humans eating swallows should not enter water. Prayers use swallows to summon dragons for rain, named "You Bo". Leigong says: Throwing You Bo into dry rivers instantly creates waves. This theory seems plausible.
Birds or beasts killed by poisoned arrows have toxic meat. Antidote: Decoct soybeans (*Da Dou*) or salt water.
[Cheng Lin] Arrow poison is often She Wang (aconite extract). Soybean juice resolves aconite toxicity. Salt overcomes heat, thus resolving toxicity.
*Zhuzhu Bingyuan Hulun* states: Hunters use She Wang on arrows. Skin wounds are fatal due to toxicity. Removing the arrow site leaves residual toxin; ingestion causes death. Survivors ate meat far from the arrow, where toxin was mild, causing dizziness, vomiting, diarrhea, and numbness. She Wang is made from fresh aconite juice.
*Zhouhou Beiji Fang* states: Blue juice (*Lan Zhi*) and soybeans resolve She Wang toxicity. *Waitai Miyao* cites Zhang Wenzhong: Poisoned meat can be detoxified with blue juice and soybeans. Thus, "salt" is likely a graphical error for "blue".
*Qianjin Fang* states: Licorice (*Gan Cao*) resolves all drug poisons. Formulas cite soybean juice for this purpose. My tests show soybean juice is inferior to licorice. Adding licorice creates Gandou Tang, which is remarkably effective.
Fish heads pure white, beaded, extending to the spine are lethal. (Next four items cited from *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* via *Waitai Miyao*.)
Fish heads lacking gills are lethal. ([Cheng Lin]: See *Youyang Zazu* for details.)
Fish lacking intestines and gallbladders cause impotence in men for three years and sterility in women.
Fish heads resembling horns are inedible.
Fish with closed eyes are inedible.
[Zhao Liangjian] These morphological anomalies indicate toxicity.
On Liu Jia days, avoid scale-covered or shelled creatures.
[Cheng Lin] Liu Jia days have deities presiding. Eating scales/shells violates taboos.
*Sibiao Bencao* (Sun Simiao) states: Damages spirit.
Fish should not be eaten with chicken. (*Waitai Miyao* cites *Zhouhou Beiji Fang*.)
[Cheng Lin] People often eat them together without harm. Perhaps flying/swimming meats should be avoided? Or does indigestion occur because fish generates fire and chicken generates wind?
Hong Jing states: Chicken with fish broth causes Xin Jia (cardiac mass).
Fish should not be eaten with cormorant meat. (*Waitai Miyao* cites *Zhouhou Beiji Fang*.)
[Cheng Lin] Cormorants prey on fish; they counteract each other. Avoid combination.
Meng Shen states: Cormorant nature restricts fish; combination is unfavorable.
Carp paste (*Li Yu Zha*) should not be eaten with mung bean leaves (*Xiao Dou Huo*). Carp roe should not be eaten with pig liver, as it harms humans.
[Cheng Lin] Both carp paste and mung bean leaves are salty; salt overcomes blood, causing Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst). Roe with pig liver harms spirit.
[Zhao Liangjian] Xiao Dou Huo is mung bean leaf.
Carp should not be eaten with dog meat. (*Waitai Miyao* cites *Zhouhou Beiji Fang*; "white" added before dog.)
[Cheng Lin] Both carp and dog meat generate internal heat; avoid combination.
Crucian carp should not be eaten with monkey or pheasant meat. Alternatively, avoid pig liver. (*Waitai Miyao* cites *Zhouhou Beiji Fang*; reads pig liver instead of pheasant.)
[Cheng Lin] Crucian carp with monkey/pheasant/pig liver induces carbuncles and sores.
Raw fish with deer meat causes contraction of tendons and nails. (*Waitai Miyao* cites *Zhouhou Beiji Fang*: Bao Yu with deer meat.)
[Cheng Lin] Bao Yu and deer meat treat wind; raw consumption injures sinews, causing contraction.
Green carp paste should not be eaten with raw cilantro (*Hu Sui*), raw okra (*Sheng Kui*), or wheat sauce. (Sauce originally read "Zhong", corrected per Cheng Lin/Jin Jian. *Waitai* reads "Sauce".)
[Cheng Lin] Green carp paste is unbeneficial. Raw cilantro and okra induce wind and aggravate chronic diseases, incompatible with paste. Paste is salty; wheat sauce is salty; combination causes Xiao Ke.
Loach and eel should not be eaten with white dog blood.
[Cheng Lin] Loach/eel are scaleless fish; white dog blood is "Di Yan" (earth evil). Forbidden for health preservation. Loach/eel move vigorously, inducing wind; white dog blood is hot, inducing fire. Avoid combination.
Turtle meat should not be eaten with alcohol or fruits. (*Waitai* cites *Zhouhou*: Avoid melon and alcohol.)
[Cheng Lin] Zhang Zhongjing forbids alcohol/fruits with turtle; Su Gong uses turtle wine for severe wind-dampness.
Tao Hongjing: Turtles possess spirituality; do not kill or eat lightly. Fruit type unspecified.
Turtles with sunken eyes or a "W" pattern on the ventral shell (*Yan*) are inedible. (Sunken: Zhao reads "Hui", incorrect. Yan: Zhao/*Waitai* read "Ya"; Cheng Lin/Jin Jian read "Abdomen".)
[Cheng Lin] *Huainanzi*: Turtles hear with eyes. Sunken eyes indicate age and guarded spirit ("Shen Shou"). "W" pattern indicates spiritual anomaly; consumption is harmful.
考证: Yan/Ya corresponds to *Yan* (shell plate). *Tang Yun*: Pronounced "Yan". Ventral shell plate.
Turtle meat should not be eaten with chicken, duck, or eggs. (*Waitai* cites *Zhouhou*; Zhao adds "again".)
[Cheng Lin] Turtle causes edema; eggs induce wind; ducks cause shortness of breath. Avoid combination.
Turtle/tortoise meat should not be eaten with amaranth (*Xian Cai*). (*Waitai* cites *Zhouhou*.)
[Cheng Lin] Turtle/tortoise opposes amaranth; consumption causes Bie Jia (turtle mass).
Tao Hongjing: Someone wrapped chopped turtle with red amaranth in damp soil; after ten days, live turtles emerged.
Shrimp without whiskers, black through the belly, or turning white upon cooking are inedible. (*Waitai* cites *Zhouhou*.)
[Cheng Lin] Lack of whiskers alters form; black belly indicates toxin; whitening reverses natural color. Abnormality dictates inedibility.
Eating raw fish slices (*Kuai*) with milk/cheese causes intestinal worms and masses.
[Cheng Lin] Kuai is raw fish, unsuitable for weak stomachs. Milk/cheese is sticky; combination stagnates in the stomach, forming masses/worms.
If food remains undigested in the chest, unable to vomit, treat immediately to prevent Gan disease. Formula:
Tangerine Peel (*Ju Pi*) (1 liang)
Magnesium Sulfate (*Po Xiao*) (2 liang)
Rhubarb (*Da Huang*) (2 liang [Zhouhou/Qianjin use 3 liang])
Decoct in 1 da sheng water until 1 xiao sheng remains. Take once. (考证: Per Qianjin, da sheng = 2 sheng, xiao sheng = 1 sheng.)
[Cheng Lin] Ju Pi resolves fish toxin; Po Xiao/Da Huang purge masses.
*Qianjin Fang*: For undigested fish/raw meat in chest/thorax causing Gan Jia.
Magnolia Bark (*Nong Po*) (3 liang)
Rhubarb (*Da Huang*) (2 liang)
Cinchona/Cinchona bark (implied by context of processing), decoct in 2 sheng wine until 1 sheng remains. Drink all. Strong patients double Rhubarb, use 3 sheng wine, boil to 2 sheng, take twice.
Another formula for indigestion of fish slices:
Rhubarb (*Da Huang*) (3 liang, sliced)
Magnesium Sulfate (*Po Xiao*) (2 liang)
Decoct in 2 sheng wine until 1 sheng remains. Take at once. Note: Zhang Zhongjing's formula includes 1 liang Tangerine Peel.
*Zhouhou Beiji Fang*: Pork indigestion due to cold, leading to worm-Gan. Purge formula:
Rhubarb, Magnolia Bark (1 liang each). Glauber's salt (*Mang Xiao*) is also good. Decoct to 1 sheng. Take all. If unresolved, grind apricot kernels, mix with 3 sheng soup, take in three doses to induce vomiting. Divine efficacy.
Excessive raw fish intake causing Gan disease. Formula. (*Waitai* cites *Zhouhou*: Treat excessive raw fish, cold indigestion, preventing worm-mass.)
Verbenae Caulis (*Ma Bian Cao*)
Grind and drink juice. ○ Alternatively, drink 1 sheng ginger leaf juice. ○ Or induce vomiting. (*Waitai* cites *Zhouhou*: Grind verbenae, drink 1 sheng juice to resolve. Also suitable to induce vomiting. *Qianjin* agrees, ginger is good.)
[Cheng Lin] Verbenae is bitter/cold, purges masses/blood stasis; ginger leaf resolves fish toxin.
Post-fish consumption, dual toxicity causing agitation. Formula. (*Qianjin* note cites *Zhouhou*: Treat fish poisoning with facial swelling/agitation. Current text lacks facial swelling section.)
Tangerine Peel (*Ju Pi*)
Decoct strongly, drink. Resolves toxicity. (*Qianjin*: Boil peel, cool completely, drink immediately effective.)
[Cheng Lin] *Shennong Bencao Jing*: Ju Pi treats chest masses, heat, rebellious Qi, opens orifices. Resolves both fish and food toxins.
Bao Yu (*Lu Yu/Pufferfish*) poisoning. Formula. (Xu/Shen omit "Bao", incorrect.)
Reed Root (*Lu Gen*)
Decoct and drink. Resolves toxicity. (*Zhouhou*: Pufferfish liver/Bao Yu poisoning, chop reed root, decoct, drink 1-2 sheng.)
[Zhao Liangjian] Bao Yu is pufferfish, delicious. Belly fat is "Xi Shi Ru". No gills, no scales. Liver blood is lethal; fat numbs tongue; roe causes abdominal distension; eyes cause blurred vision. Only reed root juice antidotes.
[Cheng Lin] Pufferfish fears reed root; juice resolves toxin.
*Zhuzhu Bingyuan Hulun*: Liver and roe are highly toxic; ingestion often fatal.
Crabs with facing eyes, spotted legs, or red eyes are inedible. (*Waitai* cites *Zhouhou*.)
[Cheng Lin] Normal crabs have backward-facing eyes. Facing eyes indicate abnormality. Spotted legs/red eyes indicate toxicity.
Treatment for crab poisoning.
Perilla (*Zi Su*)
Decoct, drink 3 sheng. ○ Perilla seed (*Zi Su Zi*) juice is also good. (Xu/Shen omit "seed".)
*Waitai* cites *Zhouhou*: Concentrated decoction of aromatic perilla, drink 1 sheng to resolve. Originally Zhang Zhongjing's formula. *Zhenglei Bencao* cites *Jingui Fang*: Add seed juice. Also treats un-frosted crabs (highly toxic).
Alternative: Winter Melon Juice (*Dong Gua Zhi*), drink 2 sheng. Eat winter melon.
[Cheng Lin] Perilla and winter melon resolve fish/crab toxins.
Fu Gong's *Xie Pu*: Do not eat with persimmons (causes Huoluan). Meng Shen: Rhubarb, perilla, winter melon juice resolve it.
Un-frosted crabs are toxic; fully mature/cooked ones are safe. (*Waitai* cites *Zhouhou*, "cooked" instead of "ripe".)
[Cheng Lin] Pre-frosting means before Frost Descent solar term. Crabs eat water henbane (*Shui Lang Dang*) then, which is toxic.
Post-frosting, they eat rice and prepare to hibernate; flesh is ripe and tasty. Henbane grows by water, highly toxic.
*Zhuzhu Bingyuan Hulun*: Crabs eat henbane; thus toxic. Causes delirium/death. Post-frosting, toxin dissipates. Un-frosted crabs cause poisoning/delirium. *Zhouhou*: Caused by henbane. Small crabs (*Pengqi*) are also toxic; Cai Mo nearly died eating them. *Bencao*: Un-frosted crabs are very toxic due to henbane. Many die. Post-frosting/hibernation preparation makes them edible.
考证: *Waitai/Nianyuan* interpret "Shu" as cooked. Since crabs aren't eaten raw, "Shu" might be a typo for "Zhe" (hibernate).
Spiders falling into food are toxic; do not eat.
[Cheng Lin] Spiders are toxic; urine/silk contaminates food.
Food covered by bees, flies, insects, or ants causes sores.
[Cheng Lin] These insects carry damp-heat toxins; ingestion transmits toxin to muscles, causing sores.
考证: *Zhuzhu Bingyuan Hulun* describes Bee/Fly/Ant Sores: Toxin enters five zang organs via digestion, flows to collaterals, causing various sores. Details omitted here.