论辨二首 合九十法（按当八十六法。） 方二十一首（按当二十六首。）
凡饮食滋味。以养于生。
按服药炼液。言道家辟谷之流。
肝病禁辛。心病禁咸。
医说。引食治通说云。金匮要略方曰。春不食肝。夏不食心。秋不食肺。冬不食肾。四季不食脾。谓畜兽五脏。能
益人五脏。春时木旺。肝气盛脾气败。故不食肝。食之则肝气愈盛。脾气愈败。因成脾病。则难治也。或春月肝经受病。
明有虚证。亦宜食肝以补之。或春月肝气太盛。即宜食肺以抑之。又云。肝病禁辛。心病禁咸。脾病禁酸。肺病禁苦。
肾病禁甘。五味递相克制。故禁之也。或肝气太盛。因而生病。亦宜辛味以制之。更在心智变通。
不可全执定论。他脏效此。
凡肝脏自不可轻啖。（自字。疑衍。）
巢源曰。凡禽兽六畜自死者。肝皆有毒。不可食。往往伤人。其疫死者弥甚。被其毒者。多洞利呕吐。而烦闷不安。
猪肉落水浮者。不可食。（按据前后条。猪字。当作诸字。）自死肉口闭者。不可食之。
巢源曰。凡可食之肉。无甚有毒。自死者。多因疫气所毙。其肉则有毒。若食此毒肉。便令人困闷。吐利无度。是
中毒。
六畜自死。皆疫死。
巢源曰。六畜者。谓牛马猪羊鸡狗也。凡此等肉。本无毒。不害人。其自死。及着疫死者。皆有毒。中此毒者。亦
令人心烦闷。而吐利无度。
疫死牛肉。食之令病洞下。
巢源食牛肉中毒候曰。又因疫病而死者。亦有毒。食此牛肉。则令人心闷身体痹。甚者。乃吐逆下利。腹痛不可堪。
因而致者非一也。
治自死六畜肉中毒方
〔程〕六畜自死。必因毒疫。苦能解毒。黄柏。味之苦者。
治食郁肉漏脯中毒方
按犬屎。本草唐本注云。白狗屎。主疔疮。水绞汁服。主诸毒不可入口者。人乳。功见下条。生韭汁。本草引孟诜。
云。胸痹。心中急痛如锥刺。取生韭。或根。五斤。先捣汁。灌少许。即吐胸中恶血。知此方亦取涌吐。
治黍米中藏干脯。食之中毒方。
〔程〕大豆能解诸毒。故用以治。治六畜鸟兽肝中毒方。（按六上。似脱食字。）
治食犬肉不消。（按心急字。疑。本草。引梅师方。作忽字。）
巢源曰。凡狗肉性甚躁热。其疫死及狂死者。皆有毒。食之难消。故令人烦毒闷乱。
鸡有六翮四距者。
先兄曰。尔雅。羽本。谓之翮。说文。翮羽茎也。
食之。在心胸间不化。
巢源曰。凡人食鱼 者。皆是便生冷之物。食之甚利口。人多嗜之。食多则难消化。令人心腹痞满。烦乱不安。
神巧万全方。治食物过饱不消。遂成痞膈将死方。
马牙硝（一大两碎之如无以朴硝代之。） 吴茱萸（半斤陈者）
上煎茱萸取浓汁。投滓承热服之。久未转。更进一服。立愈。唐窦群尝话。在常州时。食脍不消。痞结闷甚。诸药
悉不转。腹坚气绝。医徐彦庄处得此方。服乃瘥。窦云。微此殆绝。
Two Treatises on Differentiation, comprising ninety methods (Note: actually eighty-six methods). Twenty-one Prescriptions (Note: actually twenty-six prescriptions).
All delicious flavors of food and drink are used to nourish life.
[Note] The mention here of taking medicines and refining fluids refers to Daoist practices such as Bigu (grain avoidance).
In cases of Liver Disease (Liver disorders), pungent flavors should be avoided; in cases of Heart Disease (Heart disorders), salty flavors should be avoided.
Medical theories cite the *Shizhi Tongshuo* (General Discussion on Food Therapy), which states that the *Jingui Yaolue Fang* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet) says: Do not eat liver in spring, heart in summer, lung in autumn, kidney in winter, and spleen during the transition seasons. This is because the internal organs of livestock can benefit the corresponding human organs. In spring, Wood energy is prosperous, Liver Qi is excessive, and Spleen Qi is deficient; therefore, one should not eat liver. Eating it would make Liver Qi even more excessive and Spleen Qi even more deficient, leading to Spleen Disease, which is difficult to treat. Alternatively, if the Liver Meridian is affected by pathogenic factors in spring and there is a clear deficiency syndrome, eating liver to tonify it is appropriate. Or, if Liver Qi is too excessive in spring, eating lung to suppress it is appropriate. It is also said: Avoid pungent for Liver disease, salty for Heart disease, sour for Spleen disease, bitter for Lung disease, and sweet for Kidney disease. The Five Flavors mutually restrain each other, hence the prohibitions. Or, if Liver Qi becomes excessive and causes illness, pungent flavor may be used to control it. The key lies in flexible mental adaptation; one must not rigidly adhere to fixed conclusions. The same principle applies to other Zang organs.
The liver itself should never be eaten lightly. (The character "zi" [self] is suspected to be an interpolation.)
Chao Yuanfang stated: For any poultry, beasts, or six domestic animals that die naturally, their livers contain poison and should not be eaten, as they often harm people. Those dying from epidemics are even more dangerous. Those poisoned by them often suffer from diarrhea, vomiting, restlessness, and discomfort.
Pork that floats when dropped into water should not be eaten. (Note: Based on preceding and following clauses, "zhu" [pig] should likely read "zhu" [all/various].) Meat from animals that died naturally with closed mouths should not be eaten.
Chao Yuanfang stated: Edible meats generally have little inherent toxicity. However, meat from animals that died naturally is often toxic due to epidemic qi. Consuming this toxic meat causes lethargy, stuffiness, and uncontrolled vomiting and diarrhea, which constitutes poisoning.
Six domestic animals dying naturally all die from epidemics.
Chao Yuanfang stated: The "six domestic animals" refer to cattle, horses, pigs, sheep, chickens, and dogs. The meat of these animals is originally non-toxic and harmless. However, those that die naturally or from epidemics become toxic. Poisoning from them also causes irritability, stuffiness, and uncontrolled vomiting and diarrhea.
Consuming beef from animals that died of epidemics causes severe diarrhea.
Chao Yuanfang's *Shi Niurou Zhongdu Hou* (Condition of Beef Poisoning) states: Cattle that die from epidemics also possess toxicity. Eating such beef causes chest stuffiness, body numbness, and in severe cases, vomiting, regurgitation, diarrhea, and unbearable abdominal pain. There are various causes for this condition.
Prescription for Treating Poisoning from Eating Naturally Dead Six Domestic Animals
[Commentary by Cheng] Naturally dead six domestic animals surely die from toxic epidemics. Bitter flavors can detoxify; Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) is a bitter herb.
Prescription for Treating Poisoning from Eating Stagnant Meat and Leaking Dried Meat
[Note] According to the *Tang Bencao Zhu* (Tang Dynasty Commentary on Materia Medica), dog feces: White dog feces treats carbuncles. Administered as juice extracted with water, it treats various poisons that cannot enter the mouth. Human milk's efficacy is described in the next clause. Raw Chinese chive juice: The *Bencao* cites Meng Shen, stating that for Chest Bi (Chest Obstruction) with urgent pain in the heart like needle pricks, take five jin of raw Chinese chives or roots, crush them first to extract juice, and instill a small amount to induce vomiting of evil blood from the chest. From this, we know this prescription also utilizes the method of inducing vomiting.
Prescription for Treating Poisoning from Eating Dried Meat Stored in Millet Rice
[Commentary by Cheng] Da Dou (Soybean) can resolve various toxins, thus it is used for treatment.
Prescription for Treating Poisoning from Eating Livers of Six Domestic Animals and Birds/Beasts. (Note: The character "shi" [eat] seems missing before "liu" [six].)
Prescription for Treating Indigestion from Eating Dog Meat
(Note: The characters "xin ji" [heart anxious] are suspected to be erroneous. The *Bencao* citing Mei Shi's Prescription reads "hu" [suddenly].)
Chao Yuanfang stated: Dog meat has a very hot and restless nature. Dogs that died from epidemics or rabies have toxic meat. It is difficult to digest, causing irritability, toxicity, stuffiness, and confusion.
Chickens having six primary flight feathers and four spurs...
My elder brother said: The *Erya* states that the base of the feather is called "he". The *Shuowen Jiezi* states that "he" is the shaft of the feather.
Eating such chicken meat causes indigestion in the chest and heart region.
Chao Yuanfang stated: People who eat fish consume cold and raw substances. They are palatable, and many people crave them. Excessive consumption leads to difficulty in digestion, causing chest and abdominal fullness, restlessness, and discomfort.
The *Shenqiao Wanquan Fang* (Divine Skill and Complete Efficacy Prescriptions) provides a prescription for treating death-like conditions caused by food stagnation and obstruction after overeating:
Maya Xiao (Magnitio Natrii Sulfatis Crystalis) (1 liang, crushed; if unavailable, use Puxiao [Natrii Sulfas])
Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus) (0.5 jin, aged)
Decoct the Wuzhuyu to obtain a concentrated juice, add the dregs, and take warm. If there is no improvement after a long time, administer another dose, and recovery will be immediate. Tang Dynasty's Dou Qun once recounted that while in Changzhou, he ate raw fish slices that did not digest, causing severe stagnation and stuffiness. All medicines failed to move the qi; his abdomen became hard, and his breath was nearly gone. Doctor Xu Yanzhuang provided him with this prescription. After taking it, he recovered. Dou said, "Without this prescription, I would almost certainly have died."