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Huangdi asked, saying: "When the Spleen is diseased and the four limbs cannot be used, what is the reason?" Qibo replied, saying: "The four limbs all receive Qi from the Stomach, but they cannot reach the meridians directly; they must rely on the Spleen to receive it. Now, because the Spleen is diseased, it cannot transport the fluids and essence for the Stomach. The four limbs do not receive the Qi of water and grain. The Qi declines day by day, the meridians become blocked, and the sinews, bones, muscles, and flesh have no Qi to sustain them, thus they cannot function."

Huangdi asked: "Why does the Spleen not govern a specific season?" Qibo replied: "The Spleen belongs to Earth. Earth is in the center. It constantly assists the other four Zang organs during the last eighteen days of each of the four seasons, governing them temporarily, rather than exclusively governing one season. The Spleen is an Earth organ, constantly adhering to the essence of the Stomach. Earth generates all things and models Heaven and Earth; therefore, its influence extends from head to foot, so it does not exclusively govern a season."

Huangdi asked: "The Spleen and Stomach are connected only by membranes, so how can the Spleen transport the fluids for the Stomach?" Qibo replied: "The Foot-Taiyin (Spleen) meridian belongs to the Three Yin meridians. Its vessel penetrates the Stomach, connects to the Spleen, and links to the throat. Therefore, the Taiyin transports Qi to the Three Yin meridians. The Yangming (Stomach) meridian is the exterior and the sea of the Five Zang and Six Fu organs; it also transports Qi to the Three Yang meridians. The Zang and Fu organs each receive Qi from the Yangming through their respective meridians. Thus, the Spleen transports the fluids for the Stomach. If the four limbs do not receive the Qi of water and grain, the Qi declines day by day, the Yin pathways become obstructed, the sinews, bones, muscles, and flesh have no Qi to sustain them, and thus they cannot function."

Body heaviness, bone soreness, and lack of sensation are primarily treated with Taibai (SP 3).

When pathogenic factors are in the Spleen and Stomach, muscle pain occurs. If Yang Qi is excessive and Yin Qi is deficient, there is heat in the middle jiao and frequent hunger; if Yang Qi is deficient and Yin Qi is excessive, there is cold in the middle jiao with borborygmus and abdominal pain; if both Yin and Yang are excessive or both are deficient, there will be alternating cold and heat. All these conditions should be regulated by treating Zusanli (ST 36).

If food and drink cannot be swallowed, and the diaphragm is blocked and unsmooth, the pathogen is in the epigastrium. If it is in the Upper Wan (Shangwan), suppress it and guide it downward; if it is in the Lower Wan (Xiawan), disperse it and remove it. Diseases of the Stomach manifest as abdominal distension. Pain in the epigastrium corresponding to the heart, radiating to the two hypochondria, blockage of the diaphragm and throat, and inability to swallow food and drink are treated by selecting Zusanli (ST 36).

Borborygmus in the abdomen like thunder, Qi frequently rushing to the chest, panting such that one cannot stand for long periods indicates the pathogen is in the Large Intestine. Puncture the Yuan source of the Mou (Shenque, CV 8), Juxu Shanglian (Shangjuxu, ST 37), and Zusanli (ST 36). For abdominal discomfort, select Zusanli (ST 36); use draining method for excess, tonifying method for deficiency.

Diseases of the Large Intestine manifest as cutting pain in the intestines with gurgling sounds. If exposed to cold again in winter, there is pain around the umbilicus, and one cannot stand for long. The symptoms are similar to Stomach diseases; treat Shangjuxu (ST 37).

Abdominal fullness and difficulty in defecation, with a distended abdomen where Qi rushes up to the chest and throat with a 'he-he' sound, are treated by selecting Foot-Shaoyang (Gallbladder) meridians.

For abdominal fullness, puncture Qijie (ST 30); pressing on it relieves the fullness immediately. For sudden abdominal pain and fullness that does not subside upon pressing, puncture the collaterals of the Taiyang meridian to release blood, and it will resolve. Additionally, puncture five points beside the spine at three cun lateral to the Shao Yin Shu (Bladder meridian points near Kidney Shu), using a Yuanli needle. After needling, wait for the duration of a meal, then stand up, and it will resolve. One must observe the meridians for excess Yang and puncture them frequently.

For abdominal fullness and inability to eat, puncture Jizhong (GV 9). For abdominal Qi distension pulling into back pain, emaciation after eating and drinking, named Shi Xia (Food Accumulation), first select Pishu (BL 20), then [missing text].

For Large Intestine moving Qi, where pressing feels like an inverted cup, heat pulling into Stomach pain, Cold Spleen causing cold limbs and aversion to food, Pishu (BL 20) is primary. For Cold-Heat Disturbance (Fang Jue) due to Cold in the Stomach causing distension, eating much but becoming emaciated, abdominal fullness with borborygmus, Fang Jue, hypochondriac fullness, vomiting, urgent back pain, tendon spasms, and inability to eat, Weishu (BL 21) is primary. For headache, inability to eat, borborygmus and abdominal distension, desire to vomit with occasional diarrhea, Sanjiaoshu (BL 22) is primary. For abdominal fullness and distension with diarrhea, Yishe (BL 54) is primary. For distension and edema, inability to eat, and aversion to cold (or aversion to wind/chills per *Qianjin*), Weicang (BL 50) is primary. For Cold damaging the stomach after overeating, indigestion, fullness of the Five Zang, and fullness of the heart, abdomen, chest, and hypochondria leading to various diseases, Shangwan (CV 13) is primary. For abdominal fullness and obstruction, Cold damaging the stomach after overeating, and indigestion, Zhongwan (CV 12) is primary. For indigestion where food enters the abdomen and comes back out, Xiawan (CV 10) is primary.

For constant borborygmus in the intestines occasionally rushing up to the heart, moxa the center of the umbilicus (Shenque, CV 8). For mental fullness and rebellious Qi, Yindu (KI 15) is primary. For Cold in the Large Intestine (or Hernia per *Qianjin*), dry stool, and cutting abdominal pain, Huangshu (BL 23) is primary. For complete abdominal pain, Wailing (BL 29) is primary. For continuous borborygmus that cannot be relieved by tilting, Chengman (ST 23) is primary. For abdominal fullness prone to gas accumulation, Guanmen (ST 22) is primary. For inability to eat, abdominal borborygmus, irregularity of the Large Intestine, and red-yellow urine, Yanggang (BL 39) is primary.

For abdominal fullness and borborygmus, Qi rushing to the chest, inability to stand, gurgling abdominal pain, diarrhea upon catching cold in winter, pain around the umbilicus, cutting pain from wandering Qi in the intestines, indigestion, aversion to food, body swelling (or heaviness), and urgency beside the umbilicus, Tianshu (ST 25) is primary. For great heat and restlessness in the abdomen, a feeling of large Qi挟 (clamping) in the abdomen, sudden abdominal fullness and strangury, weakness, and Qi rushing, Qichong (ST 30) is primary. For abdominal fullness and pain preventing breathing, lie supine with one knee bent and the other extended, simultaneously puncture Qichong (ST 30), insert the needle three cun deep, and apply draining method when Qi arrives. For Cold Qi causing abdominal fullness, strangury, weakness, body heat, and accumulation/pain in the abdomen, Chongmen (ST 31) is primary.

For gurgling borborygmus in the abdomen, indigestion, hypochondriac pain preventing lying down, irritability, Heat in the Middle, aversion to food, hypochondriac fullness, panting with Qi rushing, diaphragmatic vomiting and heart pain, as well as jaundice and emaciation caused by damaging the stomach with overeating, Zhangmen (LR 13) is primary. For borborygmus with pain, Wenliu (LI 7) is primary. For intermittent cold in the abdomen and intestines, and lower back pain preventing lying down, Shousanli (TE 10) is primary. For Cold Qi in the abdomen, Yinbai (SP 1) is primary. For resonant abdominal fullness, difficulty in defecation, and Cold pain under the heart, Shangqiu (SP 5) is primary.

For alternating hot and cold in the abdomen, frequent borborygmus, frequent yawning, internal pain, sadness with rebellious Qi, and abdominal fullness, Lougu (SP 7) is primary. [Note: The text regarding external malleolus and elbow/hypochondrium seems disjointed in source, translated literally]. For Qi distension in the abdomen with a 'ke-ke' sound, aversion to food, and hypochondriac fullness, Yinlingquan (SP 9) is primary. For panting, shortness of breath, abdominal fullness, difficulty in defecation, Qi rushing upward, borborygmus in the chest, distension, sucking sounds in the mouth and tongue, susceptibility to fright, throat pain, inability to take food, irritability, fear, and unhappiness, Dazhong (KI 4) is primary.

For dry throat, abdominal pain, visual disturbances while sitting/lying, irritability, and excessive talking, Fuliou (BL 58) is primary. For Cold and abdominal fullness, Lidui (ST 45) is primary. For abdominal enlargement and aversion to food, Chongyang (ST 42) is primary. For rebellious Qi ascending, Taixi (KI 3) is primary.

For Heat in the large abdomen, borborygmus and abdominal fullness, pain beside the umbilicus, indigestion, and panting preventing standing, Shangjuxu (ST 37) is primary. For Cold in the intestines, distension, frequent belching, sensitivity to food odors, insufficient Stomach Qi, borborygmus, abdominal pain, diarrhea, indigestion, and epigastric distension, Zusanli (ST 36) is primary. For abdominal fullness, Heat in the Stomach, and aversion to food, Xuanzhong (GB 39) is primary.

Excess in the Large Intestine manifests as lower back and back pain, Bi syndrome with cold and tendon spasms, dizziness, and headache. Deficiency manifests as epistaxis, epilepsy, lower back pain with cold sweat, and a desire to eat yet walk. Treat Chengjin (BL 57), located at the three folds below the foot, observing the transverse lines; bleed the full vessels.