太阳中热者， 是也。其人汗出恶寒，身热而渴，白虎汤加人参主之。（方在厥阴证中。）
太阳中 者，身热疼重而脉微，此夏月伤冷水，水行皮中所致也，瓜蒂汤主之。
瓜蒂（二十七枚）
水半升，煮取二合半，去滓，温服。
太阳中 ，发热恶寒，身重而疼痛，其脉弦而细，芤而迟，小便已，洒然毛耸，手足逆冷，小
有劳，身即热，口前开，板齿燥，若发其汗，则恶寒甚；加温针，则反热甚；下之，则淋甚，宜大
小橘皮汤。（大橘皮汤在不可汗证中。）小橘皮汤（主手足冷呕哕。）
橘皮（二两） 生姜（四两）
咀，水三升，煮取一升半，去滓，作四服，稍热呷之。
病患脉微而涩，此乃医所病，大发其汗，又数大下之，其人亡血。病当恶寒，后乃发热，无休
止时。夏月盛热，欲着覆衣；冬月盛寒，欲裸其体，所以然者，阳微则恶寒，阴弱则发热，此医发
其汗，使阳气微，又大下之，令阴气弱。五月之时，阳气在表，胃气虚冷，以阳气内微，不能胜冷，
故欲着覆衣。十一月之时，阳气在里，胃中燥热，以阴气内弱，不能胜热，故欲裸其身。又阴脉迟
涩，故知亡血也。（此皆可治。阳微恶寒四逆，阴弱发热为内热病，宜苦酒、艾之类。）
大下后，复发汗，小便不利者，亡津液故也，勿治之，得小便利，必自愈。
发汗后，其人脐下悸者，欲作奔豚，茯苓桂枝汤主之。
茯苓（四两） 桂枝（二两） 甘草（一两） 大枣（八个）
咀，以甘烂水五升，先煮茯苓减一升，内下诸药，煮取一升半，温温作三服。作甘澜水法
取水二斗，置大盆中，以杨柏枝击水，上有珠子五六千个相逐，取用之。
发汗或下后，痞满，或成寒实结胸，气塞不通，宜槟榔散。
槟榔（二个，一生一煨。）
细末，酒二盏，煎一盏四分，作两服，温饮之。兼治蛔厥，心腹刺痛。《南海本草》治膀胱气
佳。
庞曰∶因发汗时，汗出如水漏下，还复汗少，喘促不止。脉促而按之濡者，合当汗而解；脉促
而按之实者，死。若脉浮，手足微厥，面垢唇青，昏愦而喘者，阴阳未和，尚阻升降，宜服顺阴阳
五味子汤。
麻黄（半两） 人参 五味子 麦门冬 杏仁 橘皮 生姜（各一分） 枣（七枚）
咀，水二升，煮七合，去滓，通口服一盏，未瘥，再作二三服。手足厥甚者，浓衣护其厥。
下后，复发汗，昼日烦躁不得眠，夜而安静，不呕，不渴，无表证，脉沉微，
身无大热者，宜干姜附子汤。（不可作煮散。）
干姜（一两） 附子（一枚，生）
咀，水一升半，煎至半升时，饮一小盏，食久再服。
伤寒，若吐下后，心下逆满，气上冲胸，起则头眩，脉沉紧，发汗则动经，身为振振摇者，宜茯苓白术汤。
茯苓（二两） 桂枝（一两半） 白术 甘草（各一两）
咀，水三升，煮至一升半，去滓，分温四服。
发汗吐下后，虚烦不得眠，若剧者，必反复颠倒，心中懊 ，香豉栀子汤主之；少气者，加甘
草；呕者，加生姜。
栀子香豉汤
肥栀子（二十枚） 香豉（两合，绵裹）
水二升，煎栀子至一升三合，下豉，取七合半，去滓，每进一盏。得吐，止后服。
栀子甘草汤，前汤内加甘草一两，同栀子煮，后下豉，如前法，加水半升。
栀子生姜汤，前方内加生姜二两半，同栀子煮，后下豉，同前法，加水一升。
伤寒五六日，大下之后，身热不去，心中结痛者，未欲解也，属栀子香豉汤主之。（用前方。）
下后，腹烦满，起卧不安者，栀子浓朴汤主之。
栀子（八个，大者） 浓朴（二两） 枳实（二枚）
咀，水二升，煮一升，去滓，温饮一盏。
伤寒，医以丸药下之，身热不去，微烦，栀子干姜汤主之。
肥栀子（八个） 干姜（一两）
以水一升七合，煮取八合，去滓，分温三服。
凡用栀子汤得效，即止后服，病患旧有微溏，不可与之。
发汗，若下之，而烦热，胸中窒塞者，栀子汤主之。
伤寒五六日，已发汗而复下之，胸胁满微结，小便不利，渴而不呕，但头汗出，往来寒热，心
烦者，此表未解，柴胡桂枝干姜汤主之。
桂枝 黄芩（各一两半） 柴胡（四两） 栝蒌根（二两） 干姜 甘草 牡蛎（各一两）
咀，水六升，煎至三升，去滓，再煎一升半，温温时饮一盏，食顷再服。
伤寒发汗，若吐下，解后，心下痞硬，噫气不除者，旋复花代赭汤主之。
旋复花 甘草（各一两半） 人参（一两） 生姜（二两半） 代赭（末，半两） 枣（三枚）
半夏（一两半）
咀，水五升，煎三升，去滓，再煎取一升半，温分四服。
伤寒，若吐下后，七八日不解，热结在里，表里俱热，时时恶风，大渴，舌上干燥而烦，饮水
至数升者，白虎加人参主之。（方在厥阴证中。）
伤寒八九日，下之，胸满烦惊，小便不利，谵语身重，不可转侧者，柴胡龙骨牡蛎汤主之。
柴胡（二两） 龙骨 黄芩 生姜 铅丹 人参 桂枝 茯苓 牡蛎（各三分） 半夏（一合）
大黄（一两） 枣（六个）
咀，水六升，煎取三升，下大黄，切如棋子块，更煎取二升，去滓，温饮一盏。
伤寒，服汤药，下利不止，心下痞硬。服泻心已，复以他药下之，利不止。医以理中与之，利
益甚。理中治中焦，此利在下焦，以赤石脂禹余粮汤主之。复不止，当以五苓散利小便。（五苓散
方在可水证中。）
赤石脂禹余粮汤
赤石脂 禹余粮（各八两）
水四升，煮取二升，去滓，温饮一盏。
太阳病，外证未除，而数下之，遂协热而利，利不止，心下痞硬，表里不解者，桂枝人参汤
主之。
桂枝 甘草（各二两） 白术 人参 干姜（各一两半）
咀，水五升，先煮四味，取三升，内桂，更煮取一升，去滓，温分三服。
发汗后，腹胀满者，浓朴人参汤主之。
浓朴（四两） 甘草（一两） 生姜（四两） 半夏（一两一分） 人参（半两）
以水五升，煮取一升半，去滓，温分三服。
治头痛壮热，心中烦，黄芩栀子汤。
黄芩 栀子（各一两半） 石膏 干葛（各二两） 豉（半两） 葱白（寸切，半斤）
咀，水四升，煮取一升半，温温作三四服。始得病便如前证，亦可服。治夏月伤暑毒，殊验。
伤寒发汗后，或未发汗，头痛如破，宜葱白汤。
连须葱白（寸切，半斤） 生姜（二两）
水二升，煮一升，去滓，温温作二三服。
服前汤，头痛未解，宜葛根葱白汤。
葛根（一两） 芍药 芎 知母（各半两） 葱白（一握，寸切） 生姜（一两）
咀，水二升半，煮取一升，去滓，温温分减服。
伤寒头痛立效，荆芥散。
天南星 草乌头（肉白者，生用） 荆芥穗（各半两） 石膏（一两）
细末，每服二钱半，陈茶一钱，姜汁半呷，薄荷三叶，水两盏，煎至八分，温
温相次三服。
伤寒呕吐不止，恶寒，脉细或浮迟，宜理中丸，兼治霍乱吐利，及伤寒后发热，水停喜唾
者。
人参 干姜 甘草 白术（各一两）
细末，蜜丸鸡子黄大，每服一丸，百沸汤一盏，化令细，煎三五沸，温服之。
霍乱脐上筑者，不宜术，可作汤去术，加桂一两半，水三升，煎取八合，稍热服之。吐甚，去
术加生姜一两半，作汤煎，如前法，饮热粥一碗，微温覆之，勿发揭衣被。有寒腹满痛，或四肢拘
急，或下利转筋，加生附子二枚，作汤服之。
治伤寒呕吐欲死，生姜半夏汤。
半夏（一两半） 生姜（三两）
水三升半，煮一升，去滓，温温分四服。
治呕吐发热，脉滑数或洪者，茅根汤。
茅根（半升） 麦门冬（二合半） 半夏（一两） 人参（半两） 茯苓（半两） 生姜（二两）
咀，水五升，煎一升半，去滓，温温分减服。
霍乱，头痛发热，身疼，多饮水者，宜五苓散。（方在水证中。）
伤寒发热自利，脉浮大数，及鼻衄或呕者，宜黄芩芍药汤。
黄芩（一两半） 芍药 甘草（各一两）
咀，水五升，煮取一升半，去滓，分四服。呕者，加半夏一两一分，生姜一两半，煎服。
治伤寒热痢，或兼腹痛，黄连当归丸。
黄连 当归（各三两） 干姜 赤石脂（各一两）
细末，蜜丸梧桐子大，米饮吞下二三十丸，日三夜二服。
伤寒，下利如烂肉汁，赤带下，伏气腹痛，诸热毒悉主之，薤白栀子汤。
豉（半升，绵裹） 薤白（一握） 肥栀子（大者七个）
水三升半，先煮栀子十沸，下薤白，煎至二升，去滓，下豉煮一升半，温温分减服，必解下恶
积。
伤寒汗解，因饮酒复剧，苦烦闷，干呕口燥，呻吟错语，不得卧。此药解热毒，
除酷热。不必饮酒剧者，疗五日中神效，黄连黄柏汤。
黄连（一两半） 黄芩 黄柏（各一两） 肥栀子（十二个）
咀，水三升，煎一升二合，去滓，温温分减服，未瘥更作。
伤寒四日而大下，热利时作，白通诸药多不得止，四顺汤热，白通汤苦温，除热止利，莫若黄
连熟艾汤。
黄连 黄柏（各一两半） 龙骨（一两） 熟艾（两鸡子大）
咀，水四升，煮一升二合，去滓，分减温服。
庞曰∶凡冷利皆宜四逆。冷利脐下必寒，水谷黄白色或青黑也；热利脐下必热，利黄赤色也；天
行热毒，下利赤白，久下脓血；及下部毒瓦斯，当下细虫如布丝缕大，或长四五寸，黑头锐尾，宜麝
香丸。
麝香（一钱） 附子 雄黄 丹砂 干姜 巴豆（各二钱）
捣下筛讫，炼蜜和丸小豆大，米饮下二丸。未知增之。（此方本无巴豆，是古方脱去，服之不
效。今增巴豆，试之甚验。）
伤寒后咳噫，肉豆蔻汤。
肉豆蔻（一个） 石莲肉（炒） 茴香（各一分） 丁香（半分） 生姜 人参（各二分）
枇杷叶（五片，拭去毛，炙。）
咀，水三升，煎至一升半，分四服，空心暖饮之。
庞曰∶伤寒汗后，咳噫不止，是阴阳气升降欲作汗，升之不上，降之不下，故胃气上逆而咳噫
无休止者，宜良姜汤。
橘皮 良姜 桂枝 当归（各一分） 麻黄（半两） 槟榔（三个） 杏仁（二十个） 甘草（一
分） 生姜（一分） 大枣（十枚）
咀，水二升半，煎至一升，去滓，下槟榔末，又煎三沸，去滓，通口服一盏，未已再一剂。
时行头痛，心如醉状，面爱向黑处，不欲见人，此为坏热不散，速行大青汤与服；不尔，狂走
赶人。大青汤
大青叶 秦艽 吴蓝 升麻 荠 栝蒌根（各二分） 甘菊（一分） 石膏（三分） 竹沥
（二合） 朴硝（三分）
咀，分二帖，每服一帖。水二升半，煎至一升二合，去滓，下竹沥、朴硝，分温四服。肉色
黄加茵陈六分；面似火加栀子十四枚，加水成三升，煮取一升半，温饮一盏。
七八日热盛不解，苦葶苈汤。
苦酒（一升半） 苦葶苈（一合） 生艾汁（半升）
同煎至七合，作二服，此疗内热病，有牛黄一刀圭尤良。阮河南曰∶今诸疗疾，多用辛甜姜桂
人参之属，此皆贵价难得，常有必欲求之，转以失时。而苦参、青葙、葶苈子、艾之属，所在尽有
之，除热解毒，最胜向贵价药也，前后数参并用之。得病内热者，不必按常药次也，便以青葙、苦
参、艾、苦酒疗之，但少促其间耳，无不解者。（苦酒即米醋也。）
庞曰∶辛甜姜桂人参之属，是发散寒气之药，其病未传成内热者，为调治之大要药也。决不可
虑其酸苦之药，正治内热病急要之药也。设当行辛甘而用酸苦，设当行酸苦而用辛甘，是昧于阴阳
之用，如此医杀之耳。其辛甘酸苦，自是调治通行之要药，若论苦则忌甘，论甘则忌苦，虽有屡中，
诚为粗工矣。
伤寒发黄者，先用瓜蒂末内鼻中，口含水搐鼻中，去黄水，用五苓茵陈散最良。
时行一切，不知身上疼痛，不寒亦不热，沉沉似有所思，顺事多语，此脏正传热，麻仁龙胆丸，
服此药不死。
大麻仁 大黄（各一两） 柴胡 黄芩 白鲜皮 秦艽 赤芍药 龙胆草（各二分） 黄连（一
分） 栀子（二十四个）
细末，蜜丸如梧桐子大。食后煎淡竹叶汤，下三十丸，日与三服，以大利为度。
十日小瘥，一月平复。
地黄汤疗伤寒及温病，应发汗而不与发汗之，内有瘀血者；及鼻衄吐血不尽，内热瘀血，
面黄大便黑者，此方主之，消化瘀血甚良。
生湿地黄（四两） 牡丹皮 芍药 犀角屑（无以升麻代，各半两）
咀，水二升，煮取一升，去滓，温温饮一盏。喜忘如狂者，加地黄、黄芩各三分，加水一升；
脉大来迟，腹不满自言满者，为无热，不用黄芩也。
鼻衄或吐血下血，黄芩汤。
黄芩（四两）
咀，水三升，煮一升半，温饮一盏，兼治妇人漏下血不止。（黄柏更佳。）
吐血百治不瘥，此方疗十瘥十，大黄散。
地黄汁（半升） 生大黄末（一方寸匕）
煎地黄汁三沸，下大黄末，调匀，空腹服之，每温饮一小盏，日三服，血即止。
Taiyang heatstroke (Heatstroke of the Taiyang channel), also known as summerheat disease. The patient sweats, is aversion to cold, has body heat and thirst; it is primarily treated with Baihu Tang plus Ginseng. (The formula is in the Jueyin syndrome chapter.)
Taiyang summerheat stroke presents with body heat, pain and heaviness, and a faint pulse. This is caused by injuring oneself with cold water in summer, causing water qi to remain within the skin. It is primarily treated with Gouti Tang.
Gouti (27 seeds)
Boil half a sheng of water until reduced to two and a half ge of decoction, remove the dregs, and take warm.
Taiyang summerheat stroke presents with fever, aversion to cold, body heaviness and pain. The pulse is wiry and thin, hollow (Kou) or slow. After urination, the patient feels chilly with shivering and piloerection, and experiences cold extremities. Slight exertion causes body heat, the mouth opens to breathe, and the teeth are dry. If sweating is induced erroneously, aversion to cold worsens; if moxibustion or warming needles are applied, heat intensifies; if purgation is applied, strangury worsens. Da Xiao Ju Pi Tang (Large and Small Tangerine Peel Decoction) is appropriate. (Da Ju Pi Tang is in the chapter on contraindications to sweating. Xiao Ju Pi Tang treats cold extremities, vomiting and hiccups.)
Ju Pi (Tangerine Peel) (2 liang) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (4 liang)
Coarsely crush, add three sheng of water, boil to obtain one and a half sheng, remove dregs, divide into four doses, and sip slowly while slightly warm.
If the patient’s pulse is faint and choppy, this is often iatrogenic, resulting from excessive sweating followed by repeated severe purgation, leading to blood loss. The condition should present with aversion to cold, followed by unremitting fever. In the intense heat of summer, the patient desires to cover themselves with clothes; in the intense cold of winter, they desire to expose their body. This occurs because weak Yang causes aversion to cold, and weak Yin causes fever. The physician’s excessive sweating weakened Yang, and severe purgation weakened Yin. In the fifth month, Yang Qi is at the exterior, and Stomach Qi is cold due to internal Yang deficiency failing to overcome cold, hence the desire for covering. In the eleventh month, Yang Qi is interior, and the Stomach is dry and hot due to internal Yin deficiency failing to overcome heat, hence the desire to expose the body. Additionally, a slow and choppy Yin pulse indicates blood loss. (These conditions are treatable. For weak Yang with aversion to cold and cold limbs, use Sini Tang; for weak Yin with fever constituting an internal heat disease, use Ku Jiu [Vinegar] and Ai Ye [Mugwort].)
After severe purgation and subsequent sweating, if urination is difficult, it is due to fluid exhaustion. Do not treat it forcibly; once urination becomes smooth, the condition will heal spontaneously.
After sweating, if the patient experiences palpitations below the umbilicus, indicating impending Ben Tun (Rushing Pig) syndrome, Fu Ling Gui Zhi Tang (Poria and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is indicated.
Fu Ling (Poria) (4 liang) Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) (2 liang) Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (1 liang) Da Zao (Jujube) (8 pieces)
Coarsely crush, use five sheng of Gan Lan Shui (Sweet Ripple Water). First boil Fu Ling until reduced by one sheng, then add other herbs, boil to obtain one and a half sheng, and take warm in three doses. Method for making Sweet Ripple Water: Take two dou of water, place in a large basin, strike the water with poplar branches until thousands of small bubbles form and chase each other on the surface; use this water.
After sweating or purgation, if fullness and stagnation occur, or if Cold-Excess Jie Xiong (Chest Binding) forms with blocked Qi, Bing Lang San (Areca Seed Powder) is indicated.
Bing Lang (Areca Seed) (2 pieces, one raw, one roasted)
Grind into fine powder. Boil in two zhan of wine until reduced to one and three-quarters zhan, divide into two doses, and drink warm. It also treats Hui Jue (Roundworm Cold Reversal) and stabbing pain in the heart and abdomen. *Nan Hai Ben Cao* states it is excellent for treating Bladder Qi disorders.
Pang Anshi says: During sweating, if sweat pours out like leaking water and then stops, but panting continues incessantly: if the pulse is rapid and soft upon pressure, sweating should resolve the condition; if the pulse is rapid and firm upon pressure, the prognosis is fatal. If the pulse is floating, extremities are slightly cold, face is greasy, lips are cyanotic, and the patient is confused and panting, Yin and Yang are unharmonized and ascending/descending mechanisms are obstructed. Shun Yin Yang Wu Wei Zi Tang (Harmonizing Yin and Yang with Schisandra Decoction) is indicated.
Ma Huang (Ephedra) (0.5 liang) Ren Shen (Ginseng) Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra) Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon) Xing Ren (Apricot Seed) Ju Pi (Tangerine Peel) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (each 1 fen) Zao (Jujube) (7 pieces)
Coarsely crush, add two sheng of water, boil to obtain seven ge, remove dregs, take one zhan orally. If not cured, prepare two or three more doses. For severe cold extremities, protect them with thick clothing.
After purgation and subsequent sweating, if the patient is restless and unable to sleep during the day but quiet at night, without vomiting, thirst, or exterior signs, with a deep and faint pulse and no significant body heat, Gan Jiang Fu Zi Tang (Dried Ginger and Aconite Decoction) is indicated. (Do not make as a boiled powder.)
Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) (1 liang) Fu Zi (Aconite Root) (1 piece, raw)
Coarsely crush, add one and a half sheng of water, boil until reduced to half a sheng. Drink a small zhan, and repeat after some time.
In Shang Han (Cold Damage), after emesis or purgation, if there is rebellious fullness below the heart, Qi rushing to the chest, dizziness upon standing, and a deep, tight pulse, inducing sweating will disturb the meridians, causing tremors and shaking of the body. Fu Ling Bai Zhu Tang (Poria and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction) is indicated.
Fu Ling (Poria) (2 liang) Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) (1.5 liang) Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala) Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (each 1 liang)
Coarsely crush, add three sheng of water, boil to one and a half sheng, remove dregs, divide into four warm doses.
After sweating, emesis, or purgation, if deficiency-heat irritability prevents sleep, or if severe, causing restlessness and mental anguish, Zhi Chi Zhi Zi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) is indicated. Add Gan Cao (Licorice) for shortness of breath; add Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) for vomiting.
Zhi Chi Zhi Zi Tang
Fei Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit) (20 pieces) Xiang Chi (Fermented Soybean) (2 he, wrapped in silk)
Add two sheng of water, boil Gardenia until reduced to one sheng and three he, add Fermented Soybean, boil to obtain seven and a half ge, remove dregs, take one zhan per dose. If vomiting occurs, stop further administration.
Zhi Zi Gan Cao Tang: Add one liang of Gan Cao to the previous decoction, boil together with Zhi Zi, add Xiang Chi later as before, adding half a sheng of water.
Zhi Zi Sheng Jiang Tang: Add two and a half liang of Sheng Jiang to the previous decoction, boil together with Zhi Zi, add Xiang Chi later as before, adding one sheng of water.
In Shang Han, after five or six days and severe purgation, if body heat persists and there is painful knotting in the chest, the disease has not resolved. Zhi Chi Zhi Zi Tang is indicated. (Use the previous formula.)
After purgation, if abdominal irritability and fullness cause restlessness, Zhi Zi Hou Po Tang (Gardenia and Magnolia Bark Decoction) is indicated.
Zhi Zi (Gardenia) (8 pieces, large) Hou Po (Magnolia Bark) (2 liang) Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange) (2 pieces)
Coarsely crush, add two sheng of water, boil to one sheng, remove dregs, take one zhan warm.
In Shang Han, if a physician uses pill-based purgatives, resulting in persistent heat and slight irritability, Zhi Zi Gan Jiang Tang (Gardenia and Dried Ginger Decoction) is indicated.
Fei Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit) (8 pieces) Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) (1 liang)
Add one sheng and seven ge of water, boil to obtain eight ge, remove dregs, divide into three warm doses.
Whenever Zhi Zi Tang is effective, discontinue further doses. Do not administer to patients with chronic loose stools.
After sweating or purgation, if irritability and heat persist with chest oppression, Zhi Zi Tang is indicated.
In Shang Han, after five or six days, following sweating and subsequent purgation, if there is minor binding in the chest and hypochondrium, difficulty in urination, thirst without vomiting, only head sweating, alternating chills and fever, and irritability, the exterior has not resolved. Chai Hu Gui Zhi Gan Jiang Tang (Bupleurum, Cinnamon Twig, and Dried Ginger Decoction) is indicated.
Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) Huang Qin (Scutellaria) (each 1.5 liang) Chai Hu (Bupleurum) (4 liang) Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthes Root) (2 liang) Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) Gan Cao (Licorice Root) Mu Li (Oyster Shell) (each 1 liang)
Coarsely crush, add six sheng of water, boil to three sheng, remove dregs, boil again to one and a half sheng. Drink one zhan warm periodically, and take another dose after a meal.
After Shang Han sweating, emesis, or purgation, if the pathogen resolves but epigastric hardness and persistent belching remain, Xuan Fu Dai Zhe Tang (Inula and Hematite Decoction) is indicated.
Xuan Fu Hua (Inula Flower) Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (each 1.5 liang) Ren Shen (Ginseng) (1 liang) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (2.5 liang) Dai Zhe Shi (Hematite) (powder, 0.5 liang) Zao (Jujube) (3 pieces) Ban Xia (Pinellia) (1.5 liang)
Coarsely crush, add five sheng of water, boil to three sheng, remove dregs, boil again to one and a half sheng. Divide into four warm doses.
In Shang Han, after emesis or purgation, if unresolved after seven or eight days, with heat binding internally, presenting with simultaneous exterior and interior heat, occasional aversion to wind, extreme thirst, dry tongue with irritability, and drinking several sheng of water, Bai Hu Jia Ren Shen Tang (White Tiger Plus Ginseng Decoction) is indicated. (Formula in Jueyin syndrome chapter.)
In Shang Han, after eight or nine days and purgation, if chest fullness, irritability, fright, difficulty in urination, delirium, body heaviness, and inability to turn over occur, Chai Hu Long Gu Mu Li Tang (Bupleurum, Dragon Bone, and Oyster Shell Decoction) is indicated.
Chai Hu (Bupleurum) (2 liang) Long Gu (Dragon Bone) Huang Qin (Scutellaria) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) Qian Dan (Lead Manganese) Ren Shen (Ginseng) Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) Fu Ling (Poria) Mu Li (Oyster Shell) (each 3 fen) Ban Xia (Pinellia) (1 he) Da Huang (Rhubarb) (1 liang) Zao (Jujube) (6 pieces)
Coarsely crush, add six sheng of water, boil to three sheng. Add Da Huang cut into chess-piece sized chunks, boil to two sheng, remove dregs, take one zhan warm.
In Shang Han, after taking herbal medicine, if diarrhea persists with epigastric hardness, and after taking Xi Xin Tang (Heart-Unbinding Decoctions) and being purged again with other drugs without cessation, using Li Zhong Tang (Middle-Regulating Decoction) worsens the diarrhea. Li Zhong Tang treats the Middle Jiao; this diarrhea is in the Lower Jiao. Chi Shi Zhi Yu Liang Tang (Red Halloysite and Metastone Decoction) is indicated. If it still does not stop, use Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) to promote urination. (Wu Ling San formula is in the Water Syndrome chapter.)
Chi Shi Zhi Yu Liang Tang
Chi Shi Zhi (Red Halloysite) Yu Liang Shi (Metastone) (each 8 liang)
Add four sheng of water, boil to two sheng, remove dregs, take one zhan warm.
In Taiyang disease, if exterior signs persist but multiple purgations are applied, leading to協熱利 (Collateral Heat Diarrhea) that is unremitting, with epigastric hardness and unresolved exterior and interior, Gui Zhi Ren Shen Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Ginseng Decoction) is indicated.
Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (each 2 liang) Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala) Ren Shen (Ginseng) Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) (each 1.5 liang)
Coarsely crush, add five sheng of water, first boil the four ingredients to obtain three sheng, add Gui Zhi, boil to one sheng, remove dregs, divide into three warm doses.
After sweating, if abdominal fullness occurs, Hou Po Ren Shen Tang (Magnolia Bark and Ginseng Decoction) is indicated.
Hou Po (Magnolia Bark) (4 liang) Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (1 liang) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (4 liang) Ban Xia (Pinellia) (1.1 liang) Ren Shen (Ginseng) (0.5 liang)
Add five sheng of water, boil to one and a half sheng, remove dregs, divide into three warm doses.
To treat headache, high fever, and mental irritability, Huang Qin Zhi Zi Tang (Scutellaria and Gardenia Decoction) is used.
Huang Qin (Scutellaria) Zhi Zi (Gardenia) (each 1.5 liang) Shi Gao (Gypsum) Gan Ge (Kudzu Root) (each 2 liang) Chi (Fermented Soybean) (0.5 liang) Cong Bai (Green Onion White) (cut into inch segments, 0.5 jin)
Coarsely crush, add four sheng of water, boil to one and a half sheng. Take warm in three or four doses. It can be taken at the onset of illness with similar symptoms. It is highly effective for summerheat toxicity.
After Shang Han sweating, or if not yet sweated, if headache is severe as if bursting, Cong Bai Tang (Green Onion White Decoction) is indicated.
Lian Xu Cong Bai (Green Onion White with roots) (cut into inch segments, 0.5 jin) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (2 liang)
Add two sheng of water, boil to one sheng, remove dregs, take warm in two or three doses.
If headache persists after taking the previous decoction, Ge Gen Cong Bai Tang (Kudzu and Green Onion White Decoction) is indicated.
Ge Gen (Kudzu Root) (1 liang) Shao Yao (Peony) Xiong (Szechuan Lovage Rhizome) Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena) (each 0.5 liang) Cong Bai (Green Onion White) (a handful, cut into inch segments) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (1 liang)
Coarsely crush, add two and a half sheng of water, boil to one sheng, remove dregs, take warm in divided doses.
For immediate relief of Shang Han headache, Jing Jie San (Schizonepeta Powder) is used.
Tian Nan Xing (Arisaema) Cao Wu Tou (Wild Aconite) (white flesh, raw) Jing Jie Sui (Schizonepeta Spike) (each 0.5 liang) Shi Gao (Gypsum) (1 liang)
Grind into fine powder. Take 2.5 qian per dose with one qian of aged tea, half a sip of ginger juice, three mint leaves, and two zhan of water. Boil to eight parts, take warm in three successive doses.
For unremitting Shang Han vomiting, aversion to cold, and fine or floating-slow pulse, Li Zhong Wan (Middle-Regulating Pill) is indicated. It also treats Huoluan (Colic and Vomiting/Diarrhea) and post-Shang Han fever with water retention and salivation.
Ren Shen (Ginseng) Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) Gan Cao (Licorice Root) Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala) (each 1 liang)
Grind into fine powder, mix with honey to make pills the size of egg yolks. Take one pill per dose, dissolve in one zhan of boiling water, boil for three to five boils, and take warm.
For Huoluan with pulsation above the umbilicus, avoid Bai Zhu. Make a decoction removing Bai Zhu, add Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) 1.5 liang, add three sheng of water, boil to eight ge, take slightly warm. For severe vomiting, remove Bai Zhu, add Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) 1.5 liang, make a decoction as before, drink one bowl of warm congee, cover slightly warm, do not uncover. For cold-induced abdominal fullness/pain, limb cramping, or diarrhea with tendon spasms, add two raw Fu Zi (Aconite Roots), make a decoction and take.
To treat severe Shang Han vomiting approaching death, Sheng Jiang Ban Xia Tang (Fresh Ginger and Pinellia Decoction) is used.
Ban Xia (Pinellia) (1.5 liang) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (3 liang)
Add three and a half sheng of water, boil to one sheng, remove dregs, take warm in four doses.
To treat vomiting with fever and slippery-rapid or surging pulse, Mao Gen Tang (Imperata Root Decoction) is used.
Mao Gen (Imperata Root) (0.5 sheng) Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon) (2.5 he) Ban Xia (Pinellia) (1 liang) Ren Shen (Ginseng) (0.5 liang) Fu Ling (Poria) (0.5 liang) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (2 liang)
Coarsely crush, add five sheng of water, boil to one and a half sheng, remove dregs, take warm in divided doses.
For Huoluan with headache, fever, body pain, and polydipsia, Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) is indicated. (Formula in Water Syndrome chapter.)
For Shang Han with fever, spontaneous diarrhea, floating-large-rapid pulse, epistaxis, or vomiting, Huang Qin Shao Yao Tang (Scutellaria and Peony Decoction) is indicated.
Huang Qin (Scutellaria) (1.5 liang) Shao Yao (Peony) Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (each 1 liang)
Coarsely crush, add five sheng of water, boil to one and a half sheng, remove dregs, divide into four doses. For vomiting, add Ban Xia (Pinellia) 1.1 liang and Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) 1.5 liang, boil and take.
To treat Shang Han heat-dysentery, possibly with abdominal pain, Huang Lian Dang Gui Wan (Coptis and Angelica Pill) is used.
Huang Lian (Coptis) Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis) (each 3 liang) Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) Chi Shi Zhi (Red Halloysite) (each 1 liang)
Grind into fine powder, mix with honey to make pills the size of sophora seeds. Swallow 20-30 pills with rice water, three times daily and twice at night.
For Shang Han with diarrhea resembling rotten meat juice, bloody leukorrhea, latent Qi abdominal pain, and various heat toxins, Xie Bai Zhi Zi Tang (Allium Macrostemon and Gardenia Decoction) is used.
Chi (Fermented Soybean) (0.5 sheng, wrapped in silk) Xie Bai (Allium Macrostemon) (a handful) Fei Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit) (7 large pieces)
Add three and a half sheng of water, first boil Gardenia for ten boils, add Xie Bai, boil to two sheng, remove dregs, add Chi, boil to one and a half sheng, take warm in divided doses. Evil accumulations will likely be expelled.
After Shang Han resolution via sweating, if exacerbated by alcohol consumption, causing bitter irritability, dry retching, dry mouth, groaning, confused speech, and inability to lie down, this medicine clears heat toxins and removes intense heat. Even without alcohol exacerbation, it is miraculous within five days. Huang Lian Huang Bai Tang (Coptis and Phellodendron Decoction) is used.
Huang Lian (Coptis) (1.5 liang) Huang Qin (Scutellaria) Huang Bai (Phellodendron) (each 1 liang) Fei Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit) (12 pieces)
Coarsely crush, add three sheng of water, boil to one sheng and two ge, remove dregs, take warm in divided doses. Prepare again if not cured.
In Shang Han, after severe purgation on the fourth day, with intermittent heat-diarrhea where Bai Tong Tang and others fail, Si Shun Tang is too hot, and Bai Tong Tang is bitter-warm. To clear heat and stop diarrhea, Huang Lian Shu Ai Tang (Coptis and Cooked Mugwort Decoction) is superior.
Huang Lian (Coptis) Huang Bai (Phellodendron) (each 1.5 liang) Long Gu (Dragon Bone) (1 liang) Shu Ai (Cooked Mugwort) (size of an egg)
Coarsely crush, add four sheng of water, boil to one sheng and two ge, remove dregs, take warm in divided doses.
Pang Anshi says: All cold-type diarrhea is suitable for Sini Tang. Cold diarrhea presents with coldness below the umbilicus and yellow-white or blue-black stool; heat diarrhea presents with heat below the umbilicus and yellow-red stool. Epidemic heat-toxin causes dysentery with red and white discharge; prolonged dysentery causes pus and blood; lower jiao toxin causes passage of small worms like thread, or long 4-5 cun worms with black heads and sharp tails. She Xiang Wan (Musk Pill) is indicated.
She Xiang (Musk) (1 qian) Fu Zi (Aconite) Xiong Huang (Realgar) Dan Sha (Cinnabar) Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) Ba Dou (Croton Seed) (each 2 qian)
Pound and sieve, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of adzuki beans. Take two pills with rice water. Increase dosage if ineffective. (This formula originally lacked Ba Dou, which was a missing part in ancient texts causing ineffectiveness. Adding Ba Dou now proves very effective.)
For post-Shang Han coughing and belching, Rou Dou Kou Tang (Nutmeg Decoction) is used.
Rou Dou Kou (Nutmeg) (1 piece) Shi Lian Rou (Stone Lotus Seed, stir-fried) Hui Xiang (Fennel) (each 1 fen) Ding Xiang (Clove) (0.5 fen) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) Ren Shen (Ginseng) (each 2 fen) Pi Pa Ye (Loquat Leaf) (5 pieces, brushed clean of hairs, roasted)
Coarsely crush, add three sheng of water, boil to one and a half sheng, divide into four doses, drink warm on an empty stomach.
Pang Anshi says: Post-Shang Han sweating, unremitting coughing and belching indicate that Yin-Yang Qi is attempting to rise for sweating but fails to ascend or descend, causing Stomach Qi to rebel upward. Liang Jiang Tang (Galangal Decoction) is indicated.
Ju Pi (Tangerine Peel) Liang Jiang (Galangal) Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis) (each 1 fen) Ma Huang (Ephedra) (0.5 liang) Bing Lang (Areca Seed) (3 pieces) Xing Ren (Apricot Seed) (20 pieces) Gan Cao (Licorice Root) (1 fen) Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) (1 fen) Da Zao (Jujube) (10 pieces)
Coarsely crush, add two and a half sheng of water, boil to one sheng, remove dregs, add Bing Lang powder, boil three more boils, remove dregs, take one zhan orally. Repeat if necessary.
For epidemic headache, feeling drunk, preferring dark places, avoiding people, indicating lingering bad heat, Da Qing Tang (Great Blue Decoction) should be administered quickly; otherwise, the patient may run wildly attacking others.
Da Qing Ye (Isatis Leaf) Qin Jiao (Gentian Root) Wu Lan (Isatis Root) Sheng Ma (Cimicifuga) Ji (Shepherd's Purse) Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthes Root) (each 2 fen) Gan Ju (Chrysanthemum) (1 fen) Shi Gao (Gypsum) (3 fen) Zhu Li (Bamboo Sap) (2 he) Po Xiao (Mirabilite) (3 fen)
Coarsely crush, divide into two doses. Add two and a half sheng of water, boil to one sheng and two ge, remove dregs, add Zhu Li and Po Xiao, divide into four warm doses. If complexion is yellow, add Yin Chen (Artemisia Capillaris) 6 fen; if face is red like fire, add 14 Zhi Zi (Gardenia), add water to make three sheng, boil to one and a half sheng, take one zhan warm.
For heat exceeding seven or eight days without resolution, Ku Ting Li Tang (Bitter Sneezewort Decoction) is used.
Ku Jiu (Vinegar) (1.5 sheng) Ku Ting Li (Sneezewort Seed) (1 he) Sheng Ai Zhi (Fresh Mugwort Juice) (0.5 sheng)
Boil together to seven ge, divide into two doses. This treats internal heat disease; adding Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis) is especially good. Ruan Henan said: Current treatments often use expensive, hard-to-find herbs like Ginger, Cinnamon, and Ginseng, delaying treatment in pursuit of them. Herbs like Ku Shen (Sophora), Qing Xiang (Celosia), Ting Li Zi (Sneezewort Seed), and Ai (Mugwort) are readily available and superior for clearing heat and detoxifying. They should be used in combination. For internal heat disease, do not follow standard sequences; use Qing Xiang, Ku Shen, Ai, and Ku Jiu directly, shortening intervals, and all cases will resolve. (Ku Jiu is rice vinegar.)
Pang Anshi says: Ginger, Cinnamon, and Ginseng are dispersing-cold herbs, essential for regulating diseases that have not transformed into internal heat. One must not fear sour-bitter herbs, which are urgent and important for treating internal heat. Using sour-bitter when sweet-acrid is needed, or vice versa, demonstrates ignorance of Yin-Yang dynamics and constitutes medical malpractice. Sweet-acrid and sour-bitter are essential for regulation; forbidding one based on the other, even with occasional success, characterizes a crude practitioner.
For Shang Han jaundice, first insert Gouti Mo (Gouti Powder) into the nose, hold water in the mouth, and insufflate to expel yellow fluid. Wu Ling Yin Chen San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Artemisia Capillaris) is best.
For epidemic diseases presenting with unknown body pain, neither chills nor fever, lethargy with apparent contemplation, and excessive talkativeness, indicating transmission of organ heat, Ma Ren Long Dan Wan (Hemp Seed and Gentian Pill) is used. Death is avoided with this medication.
Da Ma Ren (Hemp Seed) Da Huang (Rhubarb) (each 1 liang) Chai Hu (Bupleurum) Huang Qin (Scutellaria) Bai Xian Pi (Dictamnus Bark) Qin Jiao (Gentian Root) Chi Shao Yao (Red Peony Root) Long Dan Cao (Gentiana Root) (each 2 fen) Huang Lian (Coptis) (1 fen) Zhi Zi (Gardenia) (24 pieces)
Grind into fine powder, mix with honey to make pills the size of sophora seeds. After meals, take thirty pills with light Bamboo Leaf Decoction, three times daily, aiming for profuse diarrhea.
Minor recovery in ten days, full recovery in one month.
Di Huang Tang (Rehmannia Decoction) treats Shang Han and Wen Bing (Warm Diseases) where sweating was indicated but not performed, resulting in intra-abdominal blood stasis; or incomplete epistaxis/hematemesis with internal heat and blood stasis, yellow complexion, and black stool. This formula excellently resolves blood stasis.
Sheng Shi Di Huang (Fresh Wet Rehmannia) (4 liang) Mu Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex) Shao Yao (Peony) Xi Jiao Xie (Rhinoceros Horn Shavings - substitute Sheng Ma if unavailable) (each 0.5 liang)
Coarsely crush, add two sheng of water, boil to one sheng, remove dregs, take one zhan warm. For forgetfulness and mania-like behavior, add Di Huang and Huang Qin (each 3 fen) and one sheng of water. If the pulse is large but slow, and the abdomen is not distended but the patient claims fullness, there is no heat; do not use Huang Qin.
For epistaxis, hematemesis, or lower bleeding, Huang Qin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) is used.
Huang Qin (Scutellaria) (4 liang)
Coarsely crush, add three sheng of water, boil to one and a half sheng, take one zhan warm. Also treats women with continuous metrorrhagia. (Huang Bai is better.)
For intractable hematemesis unresponsive to hundred treatments, Da Huang San (Rhubarb Powder) heals ten out of ten cases.
Di Huang Zhi (Rehmannia Juice) (0.5 sheng) Sheng Da Huang Mo (Raw Rhubarb Powder) (one square-inch scoop)
Boil Rehmannia Juice three times, add Rhubarb Powder, mix well, take on an empty stomach. Take one small zhan warm per dose, three times daily, until bleeding stops.