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[Renshi] Indications: Non-healing wounds after castration (Castration). [Name] Penis. Treatment: Li Shizhen stated, "The human penis is not a medicinal substance." However, Tao Jiucheng recorded in *Zhuogeng Lu* the case of Shen from Hangzhou, who, upon exposure of his adultery, used a knife to sever his own genitals. The bleeding continued for a month without wound closure. Someone advised him to find the severed part, grind it into powder, and administer it with wine. Within a few days, he recovered. Observing this, those undergoing castration should be aware of this method; thus, it is appended here.

[Mumiyao Fang] (Source: *Bencao Gangmu*) Origin: Tao Jiucheng wrote in *Zhuogeng Lu*: "In the Kingdom of Tianfang (Arabia), individuals aged seventy or eighty who wish to dedicate themselves to benefiting the public completely abstain from food and drink, bathing only and consuming honey. After a month, their urine and feces become honey. Upon death, the locals inter them in stone coffins filled with honey, inscribing the date on the coffin before burial. After a hundred years, when excavated, they transform into a honey-preserved agent." Treatment: For any limb fractures or injuries, taking a small amount leads to immediate recovery. Although rare even in that region, it is also called 'Honey Person'. Tao's account stands as such; its authenticity is unknown, so it is tentatively appended at the end of the volume for scholars to verify.

[Fangmin] (Source: *Bencao Gangmu*) Origin: Li Shizhen stated: "Humans inherit nature from Heaven and Earth, and their form is confined by Qi. Although all have horizontal eyes and two feet, local customs and climates naturally differ. Thus, lice on heads are black, while pigs in Liaoning are white. Grain-eaters smell fishy, grass-eaters smell mutton-like. Those eating refined foods versus coarse vegetables have gastrointestinal differences akin to heaven and earth; those wearing coarse cloth versus silk have skin differences akin to jade and stone. Environmental influences prevent uniformity, which is the natural trend. Therefore, the waters and soils of the five directions and nine provinces vary, and the vital energies of the people differ accordingly. These regional populations are collected and attached to the Human section for medical reference."
Eastern coastal areas rich in fish and salt: People eat fish and prefer salty flavors, have dark skin and loose texture, often suffer from sores and ulcers; treatment suits Bian stones (Stone acupuncture).
Western hilly areas windy with tough soil/water: People wear animal skins and eat fatty meat, diseases arise internally; treatment suits toxic medicines.
Northern highlands cold and icy: People live outdoors and consume dairy, diseases involve cold viscera and fullness; treatment suits Moxibustion.
Southern lowlands weak soil/water with fog/dew: People prefer sour flavors and fermented foods, have dense texture and reddish skin, often suffer from spasms and bi-syndrome; treatment suits fine needles.
Central flat and humid areas: People are mixed and less laborious, diseases involve flaccidity syndromes; treatment suits Daoyin (Guiding and Pulling exercises) and massage. (Source: *Suwen*)
The nine provinces differ in titles and springs; winds, climates, and customs vary in rigidity and softness.
Qingzhou: Notes Jue and Yu; springs salty and sour; climate slow and relaxed; voices slow.
Jing and Yangzhou: Notes Jue and Zhi; springs sour and bitter; climate swift and light; voices urgent.
Liangzhou: Notes Shang and Zhi; springs bitter and pungent; climate brave and resolute; voices obstructed.
Yanzhou and Yuzhou: Notes Gong and Zhi; springs sweet and bitter; climate calm; voices dignified.
Yongzhou and Jizhou: Notes Shang and Yu; springs pungent and salty; climate fierce and rapid; voices agile. (Source: *Hetu Kuodi Xiang*)
People born in hard soil are rigid; those in soft soil are cowardly; those in Lu soil have fine breath; those in Xi soil are beautiful; those in Hao soil are ugly. (Source: *Kongzi Jiayu*)
People of mountain forests are hairy and thin, possessing more Wood Qi; people of rivers and marshes are dark and moist, possessing more Water Qi; people of hills are round and tall, possessing more Fire Qi; people of mounds and plains are fair and square, possessing more Metal Qi; people of lowlands are plump and prone to Bi-syndrome, possessing more Earth Qi. (Source: *Song Taishi Ji*)
Jingzhou: 1 male per 2 females; Yangzhou: 2 males per 5 females; Qingzhou: 2 males per 2 females; Yanzhou: 2 males per 3 females; Youzhou: 1 male per 3 females; Binzhou: 2 males per 3 females; Yuzhou: 2 males per 3 females; Yongzhou: 3 males per 2 females; Jizhou: 5 males per 3 females. (Source: *Zhouli*)
Land generates humans according to correspondence: Mountain Qi favors males; Marsh Qi favors females; Water Qi causes aphonia; Wind Qi causes deafness; Forest Qi causes urinary retention; Wood Qi causes kyphosis; Stone Qi increases strength; Low-lying Qi causes danger; Dangerous Qi causes goiter; Valley Qi causes Bi-syndrome; Hill Qi causes mania; Vast Qi fosters benevolence; Ridge Qi fosters greed; Summer Heat Qi causes premature death; Cold Qi promotes longevity; Light soil brings benefit; Heavy soil brings delay; Clear water produces small sounds; Turbid water produces large sounds; Rapid water makes people heavy/steadfast; Central Earth produces sages. (Source: *Huainanzi Honglie Pian*)