以上六方，治危急痘证，有起死回生之妙。
独神散（即前穿山甲方）
天真膏 治黑陷干枯红紫，及斑不退，用此救之，十全四五。
初生小儿解下黑粪，用瓷罐收贮，加水银二两，麝香一钱，黄蜡封口，埋于土中，愈久愈妙，久则
化而为水。每遇前证，看儿大小，热毒盛者、量与二三茶匙，酒煎紫草汤对半和匀服之，立时红润活泽，
真秘方也，胜天灵盖枯臭无益之物万万矣，缘此粪原系母之真血所化，盖以血补血，且入土日久，又得阴
气多，故能解毒。百日内小儿热而烦躁，啼哭不止，用少许点入眼角，二三次便能神安气和而睡，
盖又能清心热也。
大成散 治痘出不快，或顶陷，或灰白黑陷，一切不起发之证俱可用之。
穿山甲（酒炒，一两） 甘草末（二钱） 雄黄 朱砂（各一钱半） 紫草（三钱） 麝香（二分）
上，每五岁儿用二分。冷证，热酒调下。热证，紫草汤下。寒者，加入治中散内用。热证，加入小无比散内。
无价散 治黑陷欲死者。
用无病小儿粪，腊月将倾银罐二个，上下合定，盐泥固济，火 通红，取出为末，蜜水调服一钱。一方，加
麝香冰片少许。
〔丹〕炉灰白色，静者，怯者，作寒看。躁者，勇者， 发者，作热看。凡痘疹白色，将靥如豆壳者，盖因
初起时饮水多，其靥不齐，俗呼倒靥，不妨，但服实表之剂，如毒瓦斯郁里，消息他大小便，如大便闭，通大便，小
便闭，通小便，无妨。
〔薛〕前证不起发，不红活者，此因脾肺气虚，用参 四圣散（起发）。顶陷灰白，
泻渴者，脾肺虚寒，用木香散、异功散（出不快）。〔张〕痘初出时色白者，气血虚也，
便宜大补气血，参、术、 、芎、升麻、干姜、甘草、木香、丁香、酒洗当归、白芍药，若大便泻，加诃子、肉
果。丹溪治吴店小儿，周岁痘疮，色白甚痒，药中每加参、 、半两，白术七分，丁香两个，当归一钱，官桂
三分，水煎服。
上，治虚寒例。
〔娄〕予族侄女笄年出痘，灰白色，身热喘嗽渴，脉洪有力，与八物汤加连翘、桔梗、犀角屑、半夏、木通、
紫草、干葛、石膏、杏、枳、连、芩、前胡、栝蒌仁服之，十帖后，色红活，喘嗽缓减渐微，但热未除，遂于前方
减、杏、胡、枳、连、芩、蒌、七味，服三十余帖而安，安后发皆落，月余方起，床虚之极也。又一男子二十
余岁，出痘已破，未破者灰白色，又杂间以黑陷倒靥者，发热，寒战，身痛，脉洪或时弦，亦与八物加木通、红
花、紫草、陈皮、连翘，服十余帖而安。
上，治虚热例。
凡血气不足，灰白顶陷不起者，宜内托散（即十宣散，见起发）加紫草，并乳汁调补。痘色灰白，浆不满足，
欲成倒塌，皮薄易破者，保元汤（大法）加芎、归、芍药、升麻、人乳、好酒、进之。
上，补虚例。
有一等白痘，似粉，医人所不识，有盘，有顶，而软肥者，以加减大紫草散主之。
加减大紫草散 治白痘似粉，人所不识者。
紫草 人参 茯苓 黄 白术 芍药 川芎 当归 甘草 糯米
上各等分，为粗散。每服四五钱，水煎服。一方，有木通，无黄 ，名紫草快 散。又一方，去甘草，加木
通、防风，名参 四圣散，治表里俱虚。
补元汤 治痘顶充满，而根盘不聚，色不红活，乃气有余而血不足也。
川芎 当归 白芍药（酒炒） 熟地黄（各一钱） 紫草 红花（各酒洗，七分） 陈皮 甘草（各三
分） 白术（土炒，一钱半）
酒水各半盏，糯米五十粒，枣二枚，煎服。
活血散 治痘色淡白。
当归 赤芍药（酒炒） 紫草 川芎 红花（各五钱） 血竭（一钱） 木香（二钱）
上为末。每五岁者服一钱，十岁以上者服二钱，好酒调下。热极血焦不红活者，酒煎紫草汤调下。
保生散 治气血俱虚，灰白色，不灌脓回浆者。
紫河车（一具，焙，为末） 龟板（酥炙，五钱）
一方，有鹿茸五钱。
上为末。每服五七分或一钱，气虚者保元汤下，血虚，芎、归、紫草煎汤下。
混元散 治同上。
紫河车（一具，分作五七块）
用白糯米三合，水淘净，入无油铫内同炒，以米黄色为度，同为末。每用五七分，儿大者一钱。极补气
血，能助灌浆，如神。缘糯米性温，得紫河车之气，纯化为河车，故其补功最速，譬之造酒，米从曲化意也。
内助丹
黄 （酒炒） 人参（酒炒） 白术 茯苓 当归 陈皮 半夏 浓朴 肉桂 山楂
姜三片，枣一枚，糯米五十粒，水煎服。如不食，加人乳一杯。痒甚，加大附子。寒战不止，加附子
防风。渴，加麦门冬。泻，加泽泻、猪苓。不
止，加诃子、肉果。
助阳丹 痒塌不起，根窠不红。
黄 人参 白芍药（各酒炒，一钱） 甘草（三分） 川芎 当归（各一钱） 红花（五分） 陈皮
（八分） 官桂（二分）
姜枣水煎服。
回生起死丹 治痘灰白，寒气逆上，不食，腹胀呕吐，肚痛泄泻清水，手足俱冷。
丁香（九枚） 干姜（一钱）
水煎，热服，被盖片时，令脾胃温暖，阴退阳回，痘自红活。
The above six formulas are used to treat critical smallpox conditions, possessing the miraculous efficacy of restoring life from death.
Dushen San (i.e., the Schizonepeta formula mentioned earlier)
Tianzhen Gao: Treats black sunken pustules that are dry and withered, red and purple, as well as persistent macules. Using this formula for rescue yields a four or five in ten success rate.
Black meconium discharged by newborn infants should be collected in a porcelain jar, mixed with two liang of Mercury (Hydrargyrum), one qian of Moschus (Musk), sealed with beeswax, and buried in the soil; the longer it is stored, the better. Over time, it transforms into liquid. Whenever encountering the aforementioned conditions, depending on the child's age, if heat-toxin is severe, measure two or three tea spoons and mix equally with Zicao Tang (Lithospermi Decoction decocted in wine) for administration. The skin color will immediately become ruddy and lustrous. This is truly a secret recipe, far superior to Tianlinggai (Skull Cap) which is dry, odorous, and useless. This is because the feces originally transformed from the mother's true blood; using blood to nourish blood, and having been buried in the earth for a long time, absorbing much yin energy, it can detoxify. For infants within one hundred days who have fever, irritability, and incessant crying, apply a small amount into the corner of the eye; after two or three applications, the mind becomes calm, qi harmonizes, and sleep ensues, as it also clears heart-heat.
Dacheng San: Treats slow eruption of smallpox, depressed pustule crowns, gray-white or black sunken lesions, and any condition where eruption fails to rise.
Schizonepetae Spica (Stir-fried with wine, 1 liang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma powder (2 qian), Realgar (Xionghuang), Cinnabaris (Zhusha) (each 1.5 qian), Lithospermi Radix (Zicao) (3 qian), Moschus (Muxiang) (2 fen).
For every five years of age, use 2 fen. For cold patterns, take with warm wine; for heat patterns, take with Zicao Tang. For cold excess, add Zhizhong San; for heat excess, add Xiaowubi San.
Wujia San: Treats black sunken lesions approaching death.
Use feces from a healthy infant. Near the end of the twelfth lunar month, place in two silver jars, seal them together tightly with salt mud, fire until red-hot, remove and grind into powder. Take 1 qian mixed with honey water. Another method adds a small amount of Moschus (Muxiang) and Borneolum Syntheticum (Bingpian).
[Dan] Ash that is white and quiet indicates deficiency and cold; ash that is restless and vigorous indicates heat. Whenever smallpox/rash lesions are white and scabbing resembles bean shells unevenly, it is due to excessive drinking at the onset, causing uneven scabbing, commonly called "reverse scabbing" (Dao Ye). This is not harmful; simply administer formulas to consolidate the exterior. If toxin vapors are stagnant inside, adjust bowel and bladder movements appropriately: if constipated, unblock bowels; if urinary retention, unblock urine. No harm results.
[Xue] The aforementioned symptoms of failure to erupt and lack of ruddiness are due to Spleen and Lung Qi deficiency; use Renshen Sisheng San (to promote eruption). Depressed crowns, gray-white color, diarrhea, and thirst indicate Spleen and Lung deficiency-cold; use Muxiang San or Yigong San (for slow eruption). [Zhang] When smallpox first appears white, it indicates Qi and Blood deficiency; promptly tonify Qi and Blood heavily using Ginseng (Renshen), Atractylodis Rhizoma (Baizhu), [Astragali Radix (Huangqi)], Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang), Tingtitidis Flos (Dingxiang), Angelicae Sinensis Radix washed with wine (Danggui), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao). If diarrhea occurs, add Terminalia chebula Retzius fruit (Hezi) and Myristica seed (Rouguo). Danxi treated a one-year-old child in Wudian with smallpox; the lesions were very white and intensely itchy. In the prescription, he added half a liang each of Ginseng (Renshen) and [Astragali Radix (Huangqi)], 7 fen of Atractylodis Rhizoma (Baizhu), two Tingtitidis Flos (Dingxiang), 1 qian of Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), and 3 fen of Cinnamomi Cortex (Guigui), decocted in water and administered.
Above are examples of treating deficiency-cold patterns.
[Lou] My clan niece developed smallpox upon reaching marriageable age. The lesions were gray-white, accompanied by fever, wheezing, cough, thirst, and a surging, forceful pulse. I prescribed Babu Tang (Eight Substances Decoction) plus Scutellariae Barbatae Herba (Lianqiao), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), Rhinocerotis Cornu (Xijiao), Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia), Akebiae Caulis (Mutong), Lithospermi Radix (Zicao), Kudzu Root (Gegen), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao), Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren), Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhishi), Coptidis Rhizoma (Lianhua), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Peucedani Radix (Qianhu), and Trichosanthis Fructus (Gualouren). After ten doses, the lesions became ruddy, wheezing and cough subsided gradually, but heat remained. Thus, I removed seven herbs ([Huangqi], Xingren, Qianhu, Zhishi, Lianhua, Huangqin, Gualouren) from the previous formula, and after more than thirty doses, the patient stabilized. After recovery, all scabs fell off, and full recovery took over a month due to extreme depletion of bed rest. Another male patient in his twenties had ruptured smallpox; unruptured parts were gray-white, interspersed with black sunken reverse scabs. He had fever, chills, body pain, and a surging or occasionally wiry pulse. I similarly prescribed Babu Tang plus Mutong, Carthami Flos (Honghua), Zicao, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi), and Lianqiao. After more than ten doses, he stabilized.
Above are examples of treating deficiency-heat patterns.
Whenever Qi and Blood are insufficient, resulting in gray-white color and depressed, non-rising pustules, use Neituo San (i.e., Shixuan San, see Eruption section) plus Zicao, and supplement with breast milk. If lesions are gray-white, fluid-filled but unsatisfactory, threatening collapse, with thin skin prone to rupture, use Baoyuan Tang (Major Method) plus Chuanxiong, Danggui, Shaoyao, Shengma, human milk, and good wine for administration.
Above are examples of tonifying deficiency.
There is a type of white smallpox resembling powder, unrecognized by physicians, characterized by a base and crown but soft and plump. Treat primarily with Jiajian Dazicao San.
Jiajian Dazicao San: Treats white smallpox resembling powder, unrecognized by people.
Lithospermi Radix (Zicao), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Poria (Fuling), [Astragali Radix (Huangqi)], Atractylodis Rhizoma (Baizhu), Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao), Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Glutinous Rice (Nuomi).
All ingredients in equal proportions, ground into coarse powder. Take 4-5 qian per dose, decoct in water and drink. Another version includes Mutong but excludes [Huangqi], named Zicao Kuai [Du] San. Yet another version removes Gancao and adds Mutong and Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng), named Renshen [Qishi] Sisheng San, treating both interior and exterior deficiency.
Buyuan Tang: Treats full pustule crowns but loose bases, lacking ruddiness, indicating excess Qi and deficient Blood.
Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishaoyao - stir-fried with wine), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shudihuang) (each 1 qian), Lithospermi Radix (Zicao), Carthami Flos (Honghua - washed with wine, each 7 fen), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) (each 3 fen), Atractylodis Rhizoma (Baizhu - stir-fried with earth, 1.5 qian).
Decoct with half cup wine and half cup water, along with 50 grains of glutinous rice and two jujubes.
Huoxue San: Treats pale white smallpox lesions.
Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Paeoniae Radix Rubra (Chishaoyao - stir-fried with wine), Lithospermi Radix (Zicao), Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Carthami Flos (Honghua) (each 5 qian), Dramatis Os (Xuemei, 1 qian), Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang, 2 qian).
Grind into powder. Children aged five take 1 qian; those over ten take 2 qian, taken with good wine. If extreme heat causes blood scorching and lack of ruddiness, take with Zicao Tang decocted in wine.
Baosheng San: Treats dual deficiency of Qi and Blood, gray-white lesions, failure to fill with pus or return fluid.
Placenta Humana (Ziheche, one placenta, baked and powdered), Testudo Carapax et Plastrum (Guiban - fried with butter, 5 qian).
Another version includes Antler Deer (Lurong), 5 qian.
Grind into powder. Take 5-7 fen or 1 qian per dose. For Qi deficiency, take with Baoyuan Tang; for Blood deficiency, take with decoction of Chuanxiong, Danggui, and Zicao.
Hunyuan San: Treats the same as above.
Placenta Humana (Ziheche, one placenta divided into 5-7 pieces).
Take 3 he of white glutinous rice, wash clean, stir-fry in an oil-free pot with the placenta until the rice turns yellow, then grind together into powder. Use 5-7 fen per dose, or 1 qian for older children. It strongly tonifies Qi and Blood and assists in filling pustules, acting like magic. This is because glutinous rice is warm-natured; receiving the Qi of Ziheche, it transforms purely into Ziheche energy, thus its tonifying effect is fastest, analogous to rice transforming through yeast in winemaking.
Neizhu Dan
[Astragali Radix (Huangqi) - stir-fried with wine], Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen - stir-fried with wine), Atractylodis Rhizoma (Baizhu), Poria (Fuling), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi), Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia), Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (N Houpo), Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui), Crataegi Fructus (Shanzha).
Decoct with three slices of ginger, one jujube, and 50 grains of glutinous rice in water. If unable to eat, add one cup of human milk. If itching is severe, add large prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix (Fuzi). If chills persist, add Fuzi and Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng). If thirsty, add Ophiopogonis Radix (Maimendong). If diarrheal, add Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie) and Polyporus (Zhuling). If [sweating] persists, add Terminalia chebula Retzius fruit (Hezi) and Myristica seed (Rouguo).
Zhuyang Dan: Treats itching, collapse, failure to rise, and non-red lesion bases.
[Astragali Radix (Huangqi)], Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Paeoniae Radix (Baishaoyao - stir-fried with wine, each 1 qian), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 3 fen), Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui) (each 1 qian), Carthami Flos (Honghua, 5 fen), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 8 fen), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guixin, 2 fen).
Decoct with ginger and jujube in water.
Huisheng Qisi Dan: Treats gray-white smallpox, counterflow of cold qi, anorexia, abdominal distension and vomiting, abdominal pain with watery diarrhea, and cold extremities.
Tingtitidis Flos (Dingxiang, nine flowers), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 1 qian).
Decoct in water, take hot. Cover with blankets for a short while to warm the Spleen and Stomach, allowing Yin to retreat and Yang to return, so the lesions naturally become ruddy and active.