《正传》曰∶凡癫痫，仆时口中作声，将省事时吐涎沫，省后又复发，时作时止
而不休息。中风、中寒、中暑、尸厥之类，则仆时无声，省时无涎，后不再发。
《入门》曰∶大率多因痰结于心胸间，宜开痰镇心神，若神不守舍，狂言妄作，经
年不愈，如心经蓄热，当清心除热，如痰迷心窍，当去痰宁心，宜大吐大下而愈。大
人曰癫，小儿曰痫，其实一也。
《内经》曰∶黄帝问曰∶有病怒狂者，此病安生？岐伯对曰∶生于阳也。帝曰∶阳
何以使人狂？岐伯曰∶阳气者，因暴折而难决，故善怒也，病名曰阳厥。帝曰∶治
之奈何？岐伯曰∶夺其食即已。夫食入于阴，长气于阳，故夺其食即已。使之服以
生铁落为饮。夫生铁落者，下气疾也。
又曰∶多喜曰癫，多怒曰狂。
又曰∶阴不胜其阳，则脉流薄疾并乃狂。
又曰∶衣被不敛，言语善恶，不避亲疏，此神明之乱也。
帝曰∶阳明病甚，则弃衣而走，登高而歌，或至不食数日，逾垣上屋，所上之
处，皆非其素能也，病反能者，何也？岐伯曰∶四肢者，诸阳之本也。阳盛则四肢
实，则能登高也。帝曰∶其弃衣而走者，何也？岐伯曰∶热甚于身，故弃衣欲走也。帝
曰∶其妄言骂詈，不避亲疏而歌者，何也？岐伯曰∶阳盛则使人妄言骂詈，不避亲疏
而不欲食，不欲食故妄言也。
又曰∶邪入于阳则狂。
《难经》曰∶重阳者狂，重阴者癫。
又曰∶狂之始发，少卧而多起，自高贤也，自辨智也，自贵倨也，妄笑好歌乐，
妄行不休是也。癫疾始发，意不乐，直视僵仆，其脉三部阴阳俱盛者是也。
《百要》曰∶癫者，异常也。精神痴呆，言语失伦。狂者，凶狂也。轻则自高自是，
好歌好舞，甚则弃衣走而逾垣上屋，又甚则披发大叫，不避水火，且欲杀人，此痰
火壅盛而然。
又曰∶阳虚阴实则癫，阴虚阳实则狂。
又曰∶阳盛则狂，狂者欲奔走叫呼，阴盛则癫，癫者眩倒不省。
《纲目》曰∶狂谓妄言妄走也。癫谓僵仆不省也。经有言狂癫疾者，又言癫疾为狂者，是癫狂兼病也。
《内经》曰∶尝贵后贱，名曰脱营。尝富后贫，名曰失精。虽不中邪，病从内生，
身体日减，气虚无精，病深无气，洒洒然时惊，病深者，以其外耗于卫，内夺于荣，
（注云∶血为忧煎，气随悲减，故外耗于卫，内夺于荣。）是证令人饮食无味，神倦肌瘦。
《灵枢》曰∶癫疾呕多涎沫，气下泄不治。
又曰∶癫痫之病，乍作乍醒者苏，不食痴迷者死。
又曰∶凡癫狂之病，若神脱而目瞪，如愚痴者不可治。
又曰∶癫疾者，疾发如狂，死不治。
《医鉴》曰∶人之所主者心，心之所养者血，心血一虚，神气不守，此惊悸之所
肇端也。惊者，恐怖之谓；悸者，怔忡之谓。惊者与之豁痰定惊之剂，悸者与之逐水消饮之剂。
《直指》曰∶健忘者，心脾二脏血少神亏故也，宜养血安神以调之。
《正传》曰∶狂为痰火实盛，癫为心血不足，多为求望高远，不得志者有之，癫病独主乎痰，因火动之
所作也。治法癫宜乎吐，狂宜乎下，癫则宜乎安神养血，兼降痰火。
河间曰∶五志过极，皆为火也。盖气为阳而主轻微，诸所动乱劳伤，皆为阳化之火，神狂气乱，而为病热
者多矣。
子和曰∶河间治五志，独得言外之意，凡见喜、怒、悲、思、恐之证，皆以平心火为主，至于劳者伤于
动，动便属阳，惊者骇于心，心便属火，二者亦皆以平心火为主也。（《丹心》）
《灵枢》曰∶心小则易伤以忧，心大则忧不能伤，心高则满于肺， 而善忘，难开以言，心下则易伤于
寒，易恐以言，心坚则脏安守固，心脆则善病消瘅热中，心端正则和利难伤，心偏倾则操持不一，无守司也。
又曰∶心病，禁温食热衣。
经曰∶手少阴气绝则脉不通，故血不流；血不流则色不泽。故其黑如漆柴者，血
先死，壬日笃，癸日死。
仲景曰∶形体如烟煤，直视摇头者，此为心绝。
经曰∶心绝一日死，何以知之，肩息回视立死。
《脉经》曰∶心绝二日死。
《灵枢》曰∶五脏皆小者，苦焦心，多忧愁；五脏皆大者，缓于事，难使以忧。五
脏皆高者，好高举措；五脏皆下者，好出人下。五脏皆坚者，无病；五脏皆脆者，不
离于病。五脏皆端正者，和利得人心；五脏皆偏倾者，邪心而善盗，不可以为人乎，反复言语也。
又曰∶心为血之主，而肝又为血之脏，是以血出于心，而纳之于肝也。
经曰∶主明，则下安，以此养生则寿；主不明，则十二官危，以此养生则死。
又曰∶心以膻中为腑。
经曰∶十二官皆听命于心。故主不明，则十二官危，使道闭塞而不通，形乃大伤。
又曰∶火王于夏，相于春，废于季夏，囚于秋，死于冬。其王日丙丁，王时日中。
其困日庚辛，困时晡时。死日壬癸，死时半夜。
又曰∶心俞在脊第五椎旁，募在腹上巨阙。
又曰∶南方赤色，入通于心，开窍于耳。（火精之气其藏神，舌为心之官，当言于舌，舌用非
窍，故云耳也。盖手少阴之路，会于耳中，故也。）
又曰∶心色赤而中虚，离之象也。
又曰∶心气通于舌，舌和则知五味矣。
又曰∶雷气通于心。
又曰∶背为阳，阳中之阳，心也。
又曰∶精气并于心则喜。
又曰∶心恶热。
又曰∶血病，无多食咸。
又曰∶久视伤血，劳伤心也。
又曰∶损其心者，调其荣卫。
又曰∶心热病，额先赤。
又曰∶心热病，先不乐数日，乃热。热争则卒心痛。烦闷善呕，头痛面赤无汗；壬癸甚，丙丁大汗气逆，
则壬癸死。刺手少阴太阳。
又曰∶心疟者，令人烦心甚，欲得清水，反寒多，不甚热，刺手少阴神门。
又曰∶肝移寒于心，在隔中。肝移热
于心，则死。
又曰∶心咳之状，咳则心痛，喉仲介介如梗状。（介音嘎。）甚则咽肿喉痹。
又曰∶心风之状，多汗恶风，焦绝善怒吓，（音下。）赤色，病甚则不可言快，胗在口，其色赤。
又曰∶心痹者，脉不通，烦则心下鼓，暴上气而喘，嗌干善噫，厥气上则恐。
又曰∶心气热，则下脉厥而上，上则下脉虚，虚则主脉痿，枢拆（音托。）挈，胫纵而不任地也。
又曰∶心病，烦闷少气，大热，热上烫心呕吐，咳逆狂语，汗出如珠，多厥；其
脉当浮，今反沉而滑；其色当赤，而反黑者死。此水克火也。
《脉经》曰∶夏心脉欲洪大而散；脾脉欲洪而迟缓；肺脉欲洪而浮涩；肾脉欲洪
而沉滑；命门与肾同；肝脉欲洪而弦长。
又曰∶心脉搏坚而长，当病舌卷不能言；其软而散者，当消渴自已。
华陀曰∶肺下右侧可见心系，系于脊髓，下通于肾，其心系有二，一则上与肺
通；一则自心入肺两大叶间，曲折向后，并脊膂细络相连，贯通脉髓，而与肾系相通。
愚谓四脏之系，皆通于心，心则通于四脏之系也，交相连输其血气，渗灌骨髓，故
五脏有病，先干于心，其系上连于肺，其别自肺两叶向后，贯脊下肾，又自肾而之
膀胱，与膀胱膜络并行之于溲溺处也。肺之系者，上通气喉，其中与心系相通。脾
之系者，自膈中微近左胁，居胃之上，并胃胞络及胃脘相连贯，膈与心肺相通，与
膈膜相缀也。肝之系，自膈下，着右胁肋，上贯膈入肺中，与膈膜相连。肾之系，贴
脊膂脂膜中，两肾相系，相通而下，行其上与心系通也。（缀音坠。）
经曰∶是动病则嗌干心痛，渴而欲饮，是为肾厥，是主心。
又曰∶所生病者，目黄胁痛， 臂内后廉痛厥，掌中热痛。盛者寸口大，再倍
于人迎；虚者寸口反小于人迎也。
又曰∶苦先入心。
又曰∶心宜食酸。
又曰∶心虚以炒盐补之，虚则补其母，木能生火，肝乃心之母，以生姜补肝，如
无他证，用安神丸主之。
又曰∶心实以甘草泻之，如无他证，用泻心汤。
又曰∶凡心脏得病，必先调其肝肾二脏。肾者心之鬼；肝气通则心气和，肝气
滞则心气乏。故心病必先求于肝，是澄源也。五脏有病，必先传其所胜，水能制火，
则肾邪必传于心。故先制其肾，逐其邪，诊其肝肾俱和，而心自疾，则随其本经虚实而治之。
手少阴心引经药歌∶
午心麻（黄）桂（心）独（活山）栀（黄）芩，生地（当）归（黄）连代（赭石紫）石英，更有细辛并半
夏，熟地（北）五味泽（泻）同成。
《针经》曰∶心脉起足少阴，少冲穴在小指内端。
又曰∶赤如鸡冠者生，赤如 血者死。
又曰∶实则梦忧惊恐怖；虚则梦烟火焰明。
又曰∶心苦缓，急食酸以收之。（注曰∶心苦缓，是心气虚也。）心欲软，急食咸以软之，用
酸补之，甘泻之。
补∶枣仁、远志、天竺黄、山药、当归、麦门冬。
泻∶贝母、川黄连、木香、玄胡索。
温∶藿香、菖蒲。
凉∶牛黄、犀角、竹叶、连翘、朱砂。
引经报使∶独活、细辛。
《医学入门》中说：凡是癫痫发作，仆倒时口中发出声音，清醒时会吐出涎沫，清醒后病情再次发作，时发时止，没有休止。中风、中寒、中暑、尸厥等病证，则仆倒时没有声音，清醒时没有涎沫，之后不再复发。
《医宗入门》中说：大率多因痰浊结聚在心胸之间，应当用开痰镇心安神的方法治疗。如果心神不守舍，胡言乱语，行为狂妄，经年不愈，若是心经蓄积热邪，应当清心除热；若是痰迷心窍，应当去痰宁心，宜用催吐或泻下的方法而痊愈。大人患癫病称为癫，小儿患痫病称为痫，其实本质是一样的。
《黄帝内经》中说：黄帝问道：有患病表现为愤怒狂躁的，这种病是怎么产生的？岐伯回答说：生于阳分。黄帝问：阳气为什么使人发狂？岐伯说：人的阳气，因为突然受到挫折而难以决断，所以容易愤怒，这种病名叫阳厥。黄帝问：怎么治疗？岐伯说：减少他的饮食即可痊愈。食物进入体内滋养阴分，助长阳气，所以减少饮食即可痊愈。让病人服用生铁落煎成的汤剂。生铁落具有降气迅速的作用。
又说：穿衣盖被不加整理，言语不分好坏，不回避亲疏关系，这是神明混乱的表现。
黄帝问：阳明病严重时，会扔掉衣服奔跑，登上高处唱歌，或者几天不吃东西，翻越墙垣屋顶，所去的地方都是他平时做不到的，病症反而使他能够这样做，为什么呢？岐伯说：四肢是诸阳经的根本。阳气旺盛则四肢充实，所以能登高。黄帝问：那些扔掉衣服奔跑的人，为什么呢？岐伯说：身体热盛，所以扔掉衣服想要奔跑。黄帝问：那些胡言乱语、骂人、不避亲疏且唱歌的人，为什么呢？岐伯说：阳气旺盛使人胡言乱语、骂人、不避亲疏且不想进食，不想进食所以胡言乱语。
又说：狂病刚开始发作时，睡眠少而活动多，自认为高尚贤能，自认为明辨智慧，自认为尊贵傲慢，无故发笑喜欢歌唱娱乐，胡乱行动不停歇，这就是狂病的表现。癫病刚开始发作时，心情不快乐，两眼直视，突然仆倒，其寸关尺三部脉象阴阳都盛大，这就是癫病的表现。
《备急千金要方》中说：癫病，是指精神异常。精神痴呆，言语失去条理。狂病，是指凶暴狂乱。轻则自高自大，自以为是，喜欢唱歌跳舞；重则扔掉衣服奔跑并翻越墙垣屋顶，更重则披头散发大叫，不避水火，甚至想杀人，这是因为痰火壅盛所致。
又说：阳气旺盛则发狂，狂病患者想要奔走呼叫；阴气旺盛则发癫，癫病患者眩晕跌倒不省人事。
《本草纲目》中说：狂是指胡言乱语、到处走动。癫是指僵直仆倒、不省人事。经典中有说“狂癫疾”的，也有说“癫疾为狂”的，这是癫和狂兼有的病证。
《黄帝内经》中说：曾经地位高贵后来变得卑贱的，名叫脱营。曾经富有后来贫穷的，名叫失精。虽然不遭受外邪侵袭，但病从内生，身体日渐消瘦，气虚无精，病深入则元气衰败，时常感到寒冷战栗并受惊，病深入的缘故，是因为外在耗损卫气，内在剥夺营血。（注释说：血液被忧愁煎熬，气随悲伤减少，所以外在耗损卫气，内在剥夺营血。）这种证候使人饮食无味，精神疲倦，肌肉消瘦。
《灵枢》中说：癫病呕吐大量涎沫，气向下泄脱的，属于不治之症。
又说：癫痫疾病，时而发作时而清醒的可以治愈，不吃东西且痴迷呆滞的预后不良（死）。
又说：凡是癫狂病，如果神气涣散且眼睛瞪大，像愚痴一样的，不可治愈。
《医鉴》中说：人所主宰的是心，心所滋养的是血，心血一旦虚弱，神气就不能守舍，这是惊悸产生的开端。惊，是指恐惧害怕；悸，是指心跳不安。对于惊的病证，给予豁痰定惊的药剂；对于悸的病证，给予逐水消饮的药剂。
《直指方》中说：健忘，是因为心和脾两脏血少神亏的缘故，应当养血安神来调理。
《医学入门》中说：狂病是由于痰火实证亢盛，癫病是由于心血不足，多见于追求高远目标却不得志的人。癫病主要与痰有关，是因火动而产生的。治疗方法上，癫病适宜用吐法，狂病适宜用下法，癫病则适宜安神养血，兼以降痰火。
刘河间说：五志（喜、怒、思、忧、恐）过度极至，都会化为火。气属阳而主轻微，各种动荡劳伤，都会化为阳火，导致神志狂乱、气机紊乱，从而产生热病的情况很多。
张子和说：河间治疗五志，独得言外之意，凡见到喜、怒、悲、思、恐的证候，都以平抑心火为主。至于劳倦损伤于动，动就属于阳；惊恐骇于心，心就属于火，这两种情况也都以平抑心火为主。（出自《丹溪心法》）
《灵枢》中说：心脏小的人容易因忧愁而受伤，心脏大的人忧愁不能伤害他；心脏位置高则满溢压迫肺，容易健忘，难以用言语开导；心脏位置低则容易受寒，容易因言语而恐惧；心脏坚实则脏腑安宁稳固；心脏脆弱则容易患消瘅热中等病；心脏端正则功能调和顺利难以受伤；心脏偏倾则操持不一，缺乏坚守的主宰。
经典中说：手少阴心经之气断绝则脉道不通，所以血液不流动；血液不流动则面色无光泽。所以面色黑如漆柴的，是血先死，在壬日病情加重，癸日死亡。
张仲景说：形体颜色如烟煤般暗黑，两眼直视且摇头的，这是心气绝的表现。
经典中说：心气绝一天后死亡，怎么知道呢？呼吸时肩膀耸起（肩息），眼球固定回视的，立即死亡。
《灵枢》中说：五脏都小的人，苦于焦躁忧心，多忧愁；五脏都大的人，处事迟缓，难以用忧愁使其困扰。五脏位置都高的人，喜好高远的举措；五脏位置都低的人，喜好处于人下。五脏都坚实的人，没有疾病；五脏都脆弱的人，离不开疾病。五脏都端正的人，调和顺利，得人心；五脏都偏倾的人，心存邪念且善于盗窃，不可以作为正常人看待，言语反复无常。
又说：心是血液的主宰，肝又是藏血的脏器，所以血出于心，而收纳于肝。
经典中说：君主（心）清明，则下属安泰，以此养生就能长寿；君主不明，则十二官危殆，以此养生就会死亡。
经典中说：十二官都听命于心。所以君主不明，则十二官危殆，使道闭塞不通，形体就会严重受损。
又说：火气在夏季王（旺盛），在春季相（次旺），在季夏废（衰退），在秋季囚（受制），在冬季死（衰竭）。火气王的日子是丙丁日，王的时间是中午。火气困的日子是庚辛日，困的时间是申时（下午3-5点）。火气死的日子里是壬癸日，死的时间是半夜。
又说：南方赤色，内通于心，开窍于耳。（火精之气藏神，舌是心的官窍，应该说开窍于舌，但舌使用并非孔窍，所以说开窍于耳。大概是因为手少阴心经的路径，交会于耳中，所以如此。）
又说：背部属阳，阳中之阳，是心。
又说：血病，不要多吃咸味食物。
又说：心热病，额头先变红。
又说：心热病，先几天心情不愉快，然后发热。热邪争胜则突然心痛。烦闷善呕，头痛面赤无汗；在壬癸日加重，在丙丁日大汗出若气逆，则在壬癸日死亡。针刺手少阴、手太阳经。
又说：心疟病，使人心中非常烦躁，想要喝冷水，反而怕冷多，发热不明显，针刺手少阴经的神门穴。
又说：肝将寒邪转移于心，病位在膈中。肝将热邪转移于心，则死亡。
又说：心咳的症状，咳嗽时心痛，喉咙中感觉介介如有异物梗塞。（介音嘎。）严重时咽喉肿痛喉痹。
又说：心风的症状，多汗恶风，焦躁易怒惊吓，（音下。）面色赤红，病重则无法快言，诊察部位在口，其色赤。
又说：心痹病，脉道不通，心烦则心下悸动，突然上气喘息，咽干善噫，厥气上冲则恐惧。
又说：心气热，则下部脉气厥逆而上，上部脉气虚，虚则导致主脉痿软，枢纽拆裂（音托），小腿纵弛不能站立承重。
又说：心病，烦闷少气，大热，热气上冲烫心呕吐，咳逆狂语，汗出如珠，多厥逆；其脉应当浮，现在反而沉而滑；其色应当赤，反而黑的预后不良（死）。这是水克火的表现。
《脉经》中说：夏季心脉应当洪大而散；脾脉应当洪而迟缓；肺脉应当洪而浮涩；肾脉应当洪而沉滑；命门与肾同；肝脉应当洪而弦长。
又说：心脉搏动坚实而长，应当病舌卷缩不能言语；其脉软而散的，应当消渴病自愈。
华佗说：肺下右侧可见心系，系于脊髓，下通于肾，其心系有二，一则上与肺相通；一则自心入肺两大叶间，曲折向后，并与脊膂细络相连，贯通脉髓，而与肾系相通。
我认为四脏之系，都通于心，心则通于四脏之系，交错相连输送气血，渗灌骨髓，所以五脏有病，先侵犯于心，其系上连于肺，其别支自肺两叶向后，贯穿脊柱下连于肾，又自肾而至于膀胱，与膀胱膜络并行于排尿之处。肺之系者，上通气喉，其中与心系相通。脾之系者，自膈中微近左胁，位于胃之上，并与胃胞络及胃脘相连贯，膈与心肺相通，与膈膜相缀连。肝之系，自膈下，附着右胁肋，上贯膈入肺中，与膈膜相连。肾之系，贴附脊膂脂膜中，两肾相系，相通而下，行其上与心系相通也。（缀音坠。）
经典中说：是动病则咽喉干燥心痛，口渴想饮水，这是肾厥，也是心经主病。
又说：所生病者，目黄胁痛，臂内侧后缘疼痛厥逆，掌中热痛。脉气盛者寸口脉大，比人迎脉大二倍；脉气虚者寸口脉反而小于人迎脉。
又说：苦味先入心。
又说：心适宜吃酸味食物。
又说：心虚用炒盐补益，虚则补其母，木能生火，肝乃心之母，用生姜补肝，如果没有其他证候，用安神丸主治。
又说：凡是心脏得病，必须先调理肝肾二脏。肾是心的鬼贼（相克之脏）；肝气通畅则心气和顺，肝气滞涩则心气匮乏。所以心病必先求治于肝，这是澄源（正本清源）。五脏有病，必先传其所胜（相克之脏），水能制火，则肾邪必传于心。所以先制约肾，祛除邪气，诊察肝肾俱和，而心疾自然缓解，则随其本经虚实而治疗。
手少阴心经引经药歌：
午时心经用药包括麻黄、桂枝、独活、山栀、黄芩，生地、当归、黄连、代赭石、紫石英，更有细辛并半夏，熟地、北五味、泽泻同成。
又说：面色赤如鸡冠的预后良好（生），赤如凝血色的预后不良（死）。
又说：心苦缓，急食酸味以收敛之。（注曰：心苦缓，是心气虚的表现。）心欲软，急食咸味以软之，用酸味补之，甘味泻之。
补益药：枣仁、远志、天竺黄、山药、当归、麦门冬。
泻实药：贝母、川黄连、木香、玄胡索。
温性药：藿香、菖蒲。
凉性药：牛黄、犀角、竹叶、连翘、朱砂。
引经报使药：独活、细辛。
"Zhuan" (Introduction to Medical Transmission) states: In cases of epilepsy, the patient makes sounds when falling, vomits saliva upon regaining consciousness, and the condition recurs after recovery, occurring intermittently without rest. In contrast, for wind stroke, cold strike, heat stroke, or corpse rigidity, there are no sounds when falling, no saliva upon waking, and no recurrence afterwards.
"Ru Men" (Introduction to Medical Practice) states: Generally, this is mostly due to phlegm knotting in the chest and heart region. Treatment should focus on resolving phlegm and calming the heart spirit. If the spirit does not reside in its house, leading to delirious speech and wild behavior persisting for years, if it is due to heat accumulation in the Heart meridian, one should clear the heart and remove heat; if it is due to phlegm confusing the heart orifices, one should remove phlegm and calm the heart. Profuse vomiting or purging may lead to recovery. Epilepsy in adults is called "Dian" (Manic Depression), while in children it is called "Xian" (Epilepsy); essentially, they are the same.
The "Nei Jing" (Inner Canon) states: The Yellow Emperor asked: There is a disease characterized by anger and madness. How does this disease arise? Qibo replied: It arises from Yang. The Emperor asked: How does Yang cause madness? Qibo said: When a person's Yang qi is suddenly frustrated and difficult to resolve, they become prone to anger; this disease is named Yang Jue (Yang Rigidity). The Emperor asked: How should it be treated? Qibo said: Depriving them of food will cure it. Food enters the Yin and generates Qi in the Yang, so depriving them of food will cure it. Have them drink a decoction made from raw iron filings (Sheng Tie Luo). Raw iron filings have a rapid descending effect on Qi.
It also states: Excessive joy indicates Dian (epilepsy/mania); excessive anger indicates Kuang (madness).
It also states: When Yin cannot overcome Yang, the vessels flow rapidly and violently, resulting in madness.
It also states: Inability to manage clothing and bedding, inappropriate speech regardless of good or bad, and lack of avoidance between kin and strangers indicate chaos of the Shen (Spirit).
The Emperor asked: When Yangming disease is severe, the patient discards clothes and runs, climbs high and sings, or goes several days without eating, crossing walls and roofs—places they could never reach normally. Why does the disease enable them to do these things? Qibo replied: The four limbs are the root of all Yang meridians. When Yang is excess, the four limbs become solid, enabling climbing. The Emperor asked: Why do some discard clothes and run? Qibo said: Heat is intense in the body, so they discard clothes and wish to run. The Emperor asked: Why do some speak wildly, curse, ignore kinship ties, and sing? Qibo said: Yang excess causes wild speech, cursing, ignoring kinship, and loss of appetite; loss of appetite leads to wild speech.
It also states: Evil entering the Yang level causes madness.
The "Nan Jing" (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: Double Yang results in Kuang (madness); double Yin results in Dian (epilepsy).
It also states: At the onset of Kuang, the patient sleeps little but rises often, considers themselves noble and virtuous, wise and discerning, and arrogant; they laugh and sing foolishly and act wildly without cease. This is Kuang. At the onset of Dian, the patient feels unhappy, stares straight ahead, and suddenly falls; their pulse at the three positions (Cun, Guan, Chi) shows both Yin and Yang as excess. This is Dian.
"Bai Yao" (Thousand Essentials) states: Dian refers to abnormality. Mental dullness and illogical speech characterize it. Kuang refers to ferocious madness. Mild cases involve arrogance and self-righteousness, liking to sing and dance; severe cases involve discarding clothes, running, and climbing walls; even more severe cases involve disheveled hair, screaming, ignoring fire and water, and attempting to kill people. This is caused by the abundance of Phlegm-Fire.
It also states: Yang deficiency with Yin excess leads to Dian; Yin deficiency with Yang excess leads to Kuang.
It also states: Yang excess leads to Kuang, where patients desire to run and shout; Yin excess leads to Dian, where patients experience dizziness, falling, and unconsciousness.
"Ben Cao Gang Mu" (Compendium of Materia Medica) states: Kuang refers to wild speech and wandering. Dian refers to stiff falling and unconsciousness. Classics mention "Kuang Dian Ji" (Madness-Epilepsy Disease) and also say "Dian Ji Wei Kuang" (Epilepsy becomes Madness), indicating a combined disease of Dian and Kuang.
The "Nei Jing" states: Those who were once noble but became lowly are named Tuo Ying (Depletion of Ying). Those who were once rich but became poor are named Shi Jing (Loss of Jing). Although not struck by external evil, the disease arises internally. The body diminishes daily, Qi becomes deficient and Jing is lost. In deep disease, Qi is exhausted, causing shivering and frequent fright. The reason for deep disease is external depletion of Wei Qi and internal deprivation of Ying Blood. (Note: Blood is fried by sorrow, Qi decreases with grief, hence external depletion of Wei and internal deprivation of Ying.) This syndrome causes loss of taste in food, mental fatigue, and emaciation.
"Ling Shu" (Spiritual Pivot) states: Dian disease with excessive vomiting of saliva and downward leakage of Qi is incurable.
It also states: For epilepsy, intermittent attacks and awakenings indicate survival; non-eating and痴迷 (obsessive confusion) indicate death.
It also states: For any Dian-Kuang disease, if the Shen departs and eyes stare fixedly like a fool, it is incurable.
It also states: Dian disease attacking like Kuang, with death and incurability.
"Yi Jian" (Medical Mirror) states: What man governs is the Heart; what nourishes the Heart is Blood. Once Heart Blood is deficient, the Shen Qi cannot reside, marking the beginning of Jing Ji (Fright and Palpitations). Jing refers to terror; Ji refers to palpitations. For Jing, administer formulas to resolve phlegm and settle fright; for Ji, administer formulas to drain water and eliminate fluid retention.
"Zhi Zhi Fang" (Directing Truth Formulas) states: Forgetfulness is due to blood deficiency and Shen deficit in the Heart and Spleen. One should nourish blood and calm Shen to regulate it.
"Zhuan" states: Kuang is due to excess Phlegm-Fire; Dian is due to insufficient Heart Blood, often seen in those whose lofty aspirations are unfulfilled. Dian is primarily governed by Phlegm, produced by Fire agitation. Treatment for Dian favors vomiting; treatment for Kuang favors purging. Dian requires calming Shen and nourishing Blood, combined with descending Phlegm-Fire.
He Jian (Liu Wansu) stated: Extreme excess of the Five Emotions all transform into Fire. Qi is Yang and light/subtle; all disturbances and injuries transform into Yang-fire, causing Shen madness and Qi disorder, resulting in many heat diseases.
He Zi (Zhang Congzheng) stated: He Jian’s treatment of the Five Emotions captures the meaning beyond words. For symptoms of Joy, Anger, Sorrow, Thought, and Fear, the primary approach is to calm Heart Fire. Fatigue injures through movement; movement belongs to Yang. Fright startles the Heart; the Heart belongs to Fire. Both also prioritize calming Heart Fire. (From "Dan Xin")
"Ling Shu" states: A small Heart is easily injured by sorrow; a large Heart is not injured by sorrow. A high Heart presses on the Lungs, causing forgetfulness and difficulty in being persuaded by words. A low Heart is easily injured by Cold and frightened by words. A firm Heart keeps organs safe and secure; a fragile Heart is prone to Xiao Shan (Wasting-Thirst) and Re Zhong (Internal Heat). A upright Heart is harmonious and hard to injure; a tilted Heart has inconsistent conduct and lacks governance.
It also states: Heart disease contraindicates warm food and hot clothing.
Classics state: When Qi of the Hand-Shaoyin Heart meridian ceases, vessels are blocked, so Blood does not flow. When Blood does not flow, color loses luster. Thus, black as lacquered charcoal indicates Blood dies first; severity on Ren days, death on Gui days.
Zhang Zhongjing stated: Body color like soot, staring straight, and shaking head indicates Heart exhaustion.
Classics state: Heart exhaustion leads to death in one day. How is it known? Shoulder breathing (Jian Xi) and fixed gaze indicate immediate death.
"Mai Jing" (Pulse Classic) states: Heart exhaustion leads to death in two days.
"Ling Shu" states: All five Zang organs small: bitter焦心 (anxious heart), much worry. All five Zang organs large: slow in affairs, hard to worry. All five Zang organs high: prefer high actions. All five Zang organs low: prefer being below others. All five Zang organs firm: no disease. All five Zang organs fragile:不离于病 (never free from disease). All five Zang organs upright: harmonious, wins hearts. All five Zang organs tilted: evil heart, prone to theft, unfit for humanity, repetitive speech.
It also states: The Heart is the master of Blood, and the Liver is the organ storing Blood. Thus, Blood originates from the Heart and is stored in the Liver.
Classics state: If the Ruler (Heart) is clear, subordinates are peaceful; using this for health promotes longevity. If the Ruler is unclear, the Twelve Officials are endangered; using this for health leads to death.
It also states: The Heart regards Dan Zhong (Pericardium) as its Fu organ.
Classics state: The Twelve Officials all obey the Heart. Thus, if the Ruler is unclear, the Twelve Officials are endangered, pathways close and block, and the form suffers greatly.
It also states: Fire prospers in Summer, is minister in Spring,废 (wastes) in Late Summer, imprisoned in Autumn, and dies in Winter. Its prosperous days are Bing and Ding, time at noon. Its trapped days are Geng and Xin, time at Shen hour (3-5 PM). Its dead days are Ren and Gui, time at midnight.
It also states: Xin Shu is beside the 5th thoracic vertebra on the spine; Mu point is Ju Que on the abdomen.
It also states: Southern Red color enters and connects to the Heart, opening into the ears. (Fire essence stores Shen; the tongue is the organ of the Heart, so it should open into the tongue. However, the tongue is not an orifice, so it says ears. Because the Hand-Shaoyin pathway converges in the ear.)
It also states: Heart color is red and hollow inside, resembling the Li trigram.
It also states: Heart Qi connects to the tongue; if the tongue is harmonious, one knows the five flavors.
It also states: Thunder Qi connects to the Heart.
It also states: The back is Yang; Yang within Yang is the Heart.
It also states: Essence and Qi merging in the Heart causes joy.
It also states: The Heart dislikes Heat.
It also states: In Blood diseases, do not eat too much salty food.
It also states: Prolonged vision damages Blood; labor damages the Heart.
It also states: To damage the Heart, regulate Ying and Wei.
It also states: Heart Heat disease, the forehead turns red first.
It also states: Heart Heat disease, first unhappy for several days, then fever. When Heat contends, sudden heart pain occurs. Restlessness, frequent vomiting, headache, red face, no sweat; severe on Ren/Gui days, profuse sweating on Bing/Ding days. If Qi reverses, death on Ren/Gui days. Prick Hand-Shaoyin and Hand-Taiyang.
It also states: Heart Nu disease causes extreme heart vexation, desire for clear water, but more cold than heat. Prick Shenmen (HT7) on Hand-Shaoyin.
It also states: Liver transferring Cold to the Heart locates in the Diaphragm. Liver transferring Heat to the Heart leads to death.
It also states: Symptoms of Heart Cough: coughing causes heart pain, throat feels obstructed (Jie sound like Ga). Severe cases involve swollen throat and Bi obstruction.
It also states: Symptoms of Heart Wind: excessive sweating, aversion to wind, dryness, prone to anger and fright, red complexion. Severe cases cannot speak quickly. Diagnosis at the mouth, color is red.
It also states: Heart Bi disease: vessels blocked. Vexation causes drumming under the heart. Sudden upward Qi and panting. Dry throat, frequent belching. Rebellious Qi rising causes fear.
It also states: Heart Qi Heat causes lower vessels to rebel and rise; upper vessels become deficient. Deficiency leads to main vessel flaccidity, joint dislocation (Tuo sound), calves extending unable to bear weight.
It also states: Heart disease: vexation, shortness of breath, high fever, heat scalding the heart causing vomiting, coughing/reversal, wild speech, sweat like pearls, multiple Jue. Pulse should be Floating, but is Sunken and Slippery. Color should be Red, but is Black (death). This is Water overcoming Fire.
"Mai Jing" states: Summer Heart pulse desires Hong (Surging) and Da (Large) and San (Scattered). Spleen pulse desires Hong and Chi Huan (Slow). Lung pulse desires Hong and Fu (Floating) and Se (Choppy). Kidney pulse desires Hong and Chen (Deep) and Hua (Slippery). Ming Men is same as Kidney. Liver pulse desires Hong and Xian Chang (String-long).
It also states: Heart pulse Bo Jian Er Zhang (Vigorous and Long) indicates tongue curling and inability to speak. Ruan Er San (Soft and Scattered) indicates Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst) will heal itself.
Hua Tuo stated: Below the right side of the Lungs, the Heart connection (Xi) is visible, connecting to the spinal cord, passing down to the Kidneys. There are two Heart connections: one connects up to the Lungs; one enters between the two large lobes of the Lungs, curves backward, connects via fine collaterals to the spine, penetrates vessels and marrow, and connects with the Kidney system.
I believe the connections of the four Zang organs all connect to the Heart, and the Heart connects to the four Zang systems, exchanging and transporting Qi and Blood, seeping into bone marrow. Thus, when any Zang is diseased, it first affects the Heart. Its connection links up to the Lungs; its branch goes from the two lung lobes backward, through the spine to the Kidneys, then from the Kidneys to the Bladder, running parallel with Bladder membranes to the urine passage. The Lung connection vents air to the throat, connecting internally with the Heart system. The Spleen connection is slightly near the left hypochondrium from the Diaphragm, above the Stomach, connected to Stomach capsule and stomach tube, linking Diaphragm with Heart and Lungs, attached to Diaphragm membrane. The Liver connection starts below the Diaphragm, attaches to the right costal margin, passes up through Diaphragm into Lungs, connecting with Diaphragm membrane. The Kidney connection adheres to spinal fat membranes, two Kidneys connect downwards, running up to connect with the Heart system. (Zhui sound like Zhui.)
Classics state: Shi Dong Bing (Moving Disease) involves dry throat and heart pain, thirst desiring drink; this is Kidney Jue, governing the Heart.
It also states: Suo Sheng Bing (Generated Disease) involves yellow eyes, flank pain, pain and Jue in the inner posterior arm, and heat/pain in the palm. Excess: Cun Kou pulse is large, twice Ren Ying. Deficiency: Cun Kou pulse is smaller than Ren Ying.
It also states: Bitter flavor enters the Heart first.
It also states: The Heart benefits from sour foods.
It also states: For Heart deficiency, use roasted salt to tonify. Deficiency tonifies its Mother; Wood generates Fire, so Liver is the Mother of Heart. Use Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) to tonify Liver. If no other symptoms, use An Shen Wan (Calming Spirit Pill) as principal formula.
It also states: For Heart excess, use Gan Cao (Licorice) to drain. If no other symptoms, use Xie Xin Tang (Drain the Heart Decoction).
It also states: Whenever Heart disease occurs, one must first regulate the Liver and Kidney. Kidney is the Ghost of Heart (Overcoming element); if Liver Qi flows, Heart Qi harmonizes; if Liver Qi stagnates, Heart Qi fails. Thus, Heart disease must seek the Liver first (clearing the source). When five Zang are diseased, they transmit to what they overcome. Water controls Fire, so Kidney evil transmits to Heart. Thus, first control Kidney, expel evil. Diagnose Liver and Kidney harmony, then Heart illness resolves; treat according to deficiency/excess of the primary meridian.
Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian Guiding Herb Song:
Noon Heart uses Ma Huang (Ephedra), Gui Xin (Cinnamon Twig), Du Huo (Angelica Pubescens), Shan Zhi (Gardenia), Huang Qin (Scutellaria), Sheng Di (Rehmannia), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Huang Lian (Coptis), Dai Zhe Shi (Magnetite), Zi Shi Ying (Purple Quartz), plus Xi Xin (Asarum) and Ban Xia (Pinellia), Shu Di (Prepared Rehmannia), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra), Ze Xie (Alisma) together complete.
"Zhen Jing" (Needle Classic) states: Heart meridian originates from Foot-Shaoyin; Shao Chong (HT9) is at the medial end of the little finger.
It also states: Red like chicken comb indicates life; red like clotted blood indicates death.
It also states: Excess dreams of worry, fright, terror; Deficiency dreams of smoke and bright flames.
It also states: Heart suffers from slackness; urgently eat sour to astringe it. (Note: Heart suffering slackness means Heart Qi deficiency.) Heart desires softness; urgently eat salty to soften it. Use Sour to tonify, Sweet to drain.
Tonify: Zao Ren (Sour Jujube Seed), Yuan Zhi (Polygala), Tian Zhu Huang (Bamboo Calculus), Shan Yao (Dioscorea), Dang Gui (Angelica Sinensis), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogon).
Drain: Bei Mu (Fritillaria), Chuan Huang Lian (Coptis), Mu Xiang (Aucklandia), Yan Hu Suo (Corydalis).
Warm: Huo Xiang (Patchouli), Chang Pu (Acorus).
Cool: Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis), Xi Jiao (Rhinoceros Horn - *Note: Substitute with Buffalo Horn in modern practice*), Zhu Ye (Bamboo Leaf), Lian Qiao (Forsythia), Zhu Sha (Cinnabar).
Guiding Agents: Du Huo (Angelica Pubescens), Xi Xin (Asarum).