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However, the patient's spirit and diet were normal. Ganlu Yin (Sweet Dew Decoction) was administered with lotus root juice (Ou Zhi) and child's urine (Tong Bian). After four doses, the symptoms ceased, and the cough also subsided. Subsequently, treatment focused exclusively on the swelling in the lower body to consolidate the root. Ingredients added included Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Baipi (Phellodendri Cortex), Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus), Huafen (Trichosanthis Radix), Xuanfuhua (Inulae Flos), Jieluo (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Sigujin (Luffae Fibra), Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu), Lianshi (Meliae Fructus), Congxu (Allii Fistulosi Caulis), Dadoujuan (Sojae Semen Praeparatum), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Yiyiren (Coicis Semen), and Zhuli (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia). The formula was modified according to the condition. After two or three doses, severe itching occurred at the swollen site; scratching caused fluid to exude like sweat, accompanied by the odor of green onions. After six or seven days, both legs became dry, thin, and painful, and the scrotum simultaneously receded. This is because cold-dampness injures Yang, while heat-dampness injures Yin; blood flow belongs to the Yin category. Even with heavy use of sweet and moistening agents, the swelling subsided. Later, dryness, pain, and throat dryness appeared. If one were to administer spleen-drying and diuretic drugs, what would be the outcome? For post-illness care, nourishing the blood is appropriate, with a small amount of Zhuli (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia) added to search out residual phlegm in the collaterals, thereby avoiding future complications. Following this method, the patient recovered without developing Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome).

Zhu Danxi treated an elderly man aged seventy who suffered from slight swelling in the feet and knees. This was due to Blood deficiency complicated by damp-heat. He used Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Guitou (Angelicae Sinensis Radix Caput), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Chao Bai (Stir-fried Phellodendri Cortex), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), and Mutong (Akebiae Caulis). These were decocted in water and taken hot before meals.

A man nearing thirty years old, accustomed to rich flavors and prone to irritability and anger, developed pain at a specific point around the hip joint in autumn, extending to the knee. The pain was quiet during the day but severe at night; the painful area felt cold. He sometimes felt thirsty and sometimes not; sometimes he felt stifled and sometimes not. Physicians mostly used wind-dispelling herbs combined with blood-nourishing herbs. By the following spring, his knee swelling and pain worsened significantly, appetite decreased, and he emaciated. By late spring, the knee swelled as large as a peach, making flexion and extension impossible. His pulse was wiry, large, and quite full on the left, with significant choppy quality at the Cun position; on the right, it was rapid and large throughout. It was inferred that his urination must have been frequent and scanty. Thus, it was treated as food retention and phlegm accumulation in the Taiyin Meridian. Stir-fried Baipi (Phellodendri Cortex) 1 liang, raw Gancao Shao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Tip), Xijiao Xie (Rhinocerotis Cornu Powder), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), and salt each 3 qian, Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma) 2 qian, Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), and Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) each 5 qian. On warm and hot days, add Tiaohuangqin (Scutellariae Radix) 3 qian. Grind into fine powder. Each dose of 3 qian is ground finely with fresh ginger juice, suspended in water, boiled until bubbling, and drunk hot before meals, four times a day. After half a month, the rapid pulse gradually decreased, and pain lightened. Remove Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu), add Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) and Baiguiban (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum) 0.5 liang, Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 0.5 liang, and take as before. After another half month, swelling gradually reduced, appetite improved, and aversion to cold ceased. Only soreness and weakness in the feet and knees remained, preventing prolonged standing or walking. Remove Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) and Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix). Since it was midsummer heat, add stir-fried Baipi (Phellodendri Cortex) up to 1.5 liang. Based on the original formula, add Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix); use stems and leaves in spring and summer, roots and stalks in winter, extracting juice for faster effect. Must abstain from alcohol, meat, wet noodles, and pepper. In midsummer, add Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix) 0.5 liang; in winter, add Zhuyu (Corni Fructus) and Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus).

Doctor Shi, a surgeon from Zhenjiang, once treated a patient with He Xi Feng (Crane Knee Wind) using a toad (Xama). The abdomen was slightly broken with a bowl edge to create a seam, but it could not be tied. It was placed on the affected area where it jumped for a while; the toad died from absorbing the toxicity. Replacing it with another, no more than three toads cured the condition. (From *Jie'an Manbi* by Li Xu.)

Sun Wen Yuan treated Cheng Shaoxi, who in middle age suffered from He Xi Feng (Crane Knee Wind). The muscles of both legs and calves were completely wasted, and both knees were swollen, caused by indulgence in alcohol and sexual activity after drinking. Furthermore, pus and sores covered the limbs with dampness oozing out; he considered himself doomed. His family, having exhausted their wealth on medicine due to the long illness, gave up seeking treatment. Sun Wen Yuan examined him via a neighbor's relative. The Left Cun and Guan pulses were floating and rapid; the Right Cun was short and weak; both Chi pulses were deep and faint. He said: "This is a pattern of Qi deficiency and Blood heat. The treatment should be major tonification to strengthen bones and tendons; survival is still possible, but it will not show results within a hundred days. Nourishing Blood has no quick effect; it must be done gradually to moisten. Once joints are unobstructed, bones are straight, and tendons are supple, leg muscle will naturally grow." Initially, using Guiban (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum) and Yiren (Coicis Semen) each 3 qian, Cang'erzi (Xanthii Fructus), Wujia Pi (Acanthopanacis Cortex), Tou Er Can Sha (Bombyx Batryticatus Head and Second Cast Skin), Jiejie Xiang (Spatholobi Caulis) each 1 qian, Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) each 8 fen, Honghua (Carthami Flos) 8 fen. After ten doses, sores thinned, and spirit slightly improved. Then, using Yiren (Coicis Semen), Wujia Pi (Acanthopanacis Cortex), Guiban (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum) each 2 qian, Jiejie Xiang (Spatholobi Caulis), Cang'erzi (Xanthii Fructus), Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Shouwu (Polygoni Multiflori Radix) each 1 qian, Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) each 8 fen, Honghua (Carthami Flos), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis) each 5 fen. After thirty doses, he could walk leaning on a cane, leg muscle grew, sores healed, and knee swelling reduced by sixty percent. Later, using Hu Qian Wan (Tiger Crouch Pill) plus Lujiao Jiao (Cervi Cornus Colla), Shouwu (Polygoni Multiflori Radix), Gouji (Drynariae Rhizoma), Jiejie Xiang (Spatholobi Caulis), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), made into pills with Guijiao (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum Colla). After three months of服用, leg muscle fully recovered, and he was cured.

Xue Lizhai treated Han Tingyi, who previously suffered from Wind syndrome and recovered using wind-dispelling, phlegm-resolving, and blood-nourishing herbs. However, his leg and knee flesh and bone felt hot and painful. Taking Shimwei Guben Wan (Ten-Ingredient Root-Fixing Pill) and Tianma Wan (Gastrodia Pill) worsened the condition. Both Chi pulses were rapid and powerless. He stated: "This is Kidney Water deficiency failing to generate Liver Wood, causing internal movement of deficient fire, not caused by external Wind pathogen." The patient did not believe this and took Qianghuo Yufeng Dan (Notopterygii Radix et Rhizoma Wind-Expelling Pellet) and similar formulas, resulting in flaccidity of four limbs, numbness all over the body, surging phlegm-saliva, and unclear consciousness. Xue said: "These are all signs of Spleen Qi damage, unable to nourish the whole body, and unable to guide saliva back to its source." First, using Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six-Gentlemen Decoction) plus Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) for several doses to assist the transformative and generative Qi of the five Zang organs, nourishing the whole body, and various symptoms gradually improved. Then, morning administration of Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Center-Supplementing Qi-Boosting Decoction) to cultivate Spleen and Lung, evening administration of Liuwei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill) to tonify Liver and Kidney. After three months, stability was achieved.

A woman suffering from long-term depression and anger had knee swelling, chest and hypochondriac stiffness, internal heat alternating with chills, irregular menstruation, and generalized body ache. This was Spleen Qi deficiency. First, Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Center-Supplementing Qi-Boosting Decoction) plus Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) and Fuling (Poria) for over thirty doses awakened the Spleen Qi. Then Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction) and Guipi Tang (Restore the Spleen Decoction) were used, and knee swelling gradually subsided. Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) and Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction) completely eliminated it. Then Bazhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) plus Danpi (Moutan Cortex) was used for regulation and stabilization.

Another woman with the aforementioned symptoms had swelling, pain, chills, and fever. First, one dose of Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction), then four doses of Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder). After more than a month, swelling and pain gradually receded. Bewitched by the desire for quick effects, she took other anti-wind and detoxifying herbs, causing deficiency syndromes to arise. Treatment reverted to Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction) as the main formula, assisted by Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten-Ingredient Great Tonifying Decoction), which resolved the swelling. She then took Dabu Tang (Great Tonifying Decoction) and recovered fully in two months.

A woman with the aforementioned symptoms had pulling pain in the thigh muscles between the knees, internal heat alternating with chills. This was Liver Fire and Qi stagnation. First, Jiawei Xiao Chaihu Tang (Modified Minor Bupleurum Decoction) for four doses, then Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) as the main formula, assisted by Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction), which resolved it. Later, after dysentery, she had bilateral knee swelling and pain with alternating chills and fever. Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten-Ingredient Great Tonifying Decoction) was used as the main formula, assisted by Fangfeng Tang (Saposhnikoviae Decoction), which resolved it.

A woman with the aforementioned symptoms had ulceration but persistent swelling, morning chills and evening fever, poor appetite, and menstruation occurring only every three to four months. This was simultaneous deficiency of Liver and Spleen Qi and Blood. Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Center-Supplementing Qi-Boosting Decoction) and Jiawei Guipi Tang (Modified Restore the Spleen Decoction) were each taken for over thirty doses; swelling gradually subsided, and chills/fever stopped. Assisted by Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction), she could walk after a month, and menstruation resumed on schedule after another month. Liuwei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill) and Bazhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) were taken for three months until recovery.

A man had lax leg tendons for over a month and swollen, painful knees. This was Yin deficiency with damp-heat invasion. Liuwei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill) was used as the main formula, assisted by Bazhen Tang (Eight-Treasure Decoction) plus Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) and Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex), interspersed with Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Center-Supplementing Qi-Boosting Decoction). After over three months, it resolved.

Liu Guowei, Prefectural Administrator, first had tendon spasms and bone pain, with diffuse swelling of the right knee. Using phlegm-resolving and detoxifying agents worsened swelling and pain, leading to poor appetite and fatigue. Adding wind-dispelling and detoxifying herbs caused chills, fever, vomiting, and loose stools. Using Er Chen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) for dampness removal resulted in reddish swelling and internal stabbing pain. His pulse was slippery and powerless, indicating pus formation but insufficient Yuan Qi to rupture it. Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten-Ingredient Great Tonifying Decoction) for four doses, assisted by Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction) for one dose, led to rupture. Over a hundred doses later, he recovered.

A man had leg pain and knee swelling. The pulse was floating, becoming wiry and tight upon pressure. This was Liver and Kidney deficiency. Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction) for two doses alleviated it. Confused by the belief that Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) is toxic, he took ulcer-treating herbs, becoming increasingly emaciated with worsening deficiency symptoms, and sought treatment again. He was told: "Fatigue and emaciation indicate Spleen and Kidney decline failing to circulate; urinary incontinence indicates Bladder deficiency failing to constrain; dry heat and false fullness indicate weak Stomach Qi failing to transform; confusion and forgetfulness indicate spiritual decline and chaos." With malignant symptoms arising, he declined treatment and subsequently died.

Another man had leg pain and slight knee swelling. Light palpation revealed a floating pulse, becoming wiry and tight on pressure. This was He Xi Feng (Crane Knee Wind). Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction) for two doses reduced it by two or three parts. Believing Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) is toxic, he took detoxifying herbs and became progressively emaciated. Seeking treatment again, Xue said: "Now food cannot form flesh; water and grain cannot transform into essence to irrigate organs and meridians. Where does the Spirit reside? Shortness of breath indicates loss of True Qi; lethargy indicates Spleen Qi deficiency; urinary incontinence indicates Bladder failure to store; occasional restlessness and epigastric fullness indicate Stomach Qi failing to rise and nourish; confusion and forgetfulness indicate chaotic Shen Ming (Spiritual Clarity)." Untreated, this proved true. This syndrome often affects those with deficiency; thus, Jia Jian Xiao Suming Tang (Modified Minor Suming Decoction) and Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction) are effective. Taking attacking/toxic herbs is a mistake.

A woman had swollen, painful knees, worse with cold, lasting over a month, unresponsive to various herbs. The pulse was wiry and tight, indicating deep-seated Cold pathogen. Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction) and Huolong Gao (Fire Dragon Ointment) resolved it. Generally, although swelling depth and pathogen severity vary, the underlying cause is always deficiency of True Qi allowing pathogens to invade deeply. If True Qi is strong, how can pathogens cause harm? Therefore, Fusgu Yongju (Bone-Adherent Carbuncle) and He Xi Feng (Crane Knee Wind) are mostly suffered by the deficient. Ancients used Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) to warm and tonify Kidney Qi and to drive the medicinal force to dispel Cold. Also, deficient individuals sleeping exposed in autumn/summer may suffer Cold Qi invasion, leading to latent Cold-Heat knots forming this syndrome. Inability to move, alternating chills/fever without sweat, and pain responding to bone pressure characterize it. If chronic, extreme Yin generates Yang, Cold transforms to Heat, and it ruptures. If injured by Thief Wind, the site is not very hot but feels chilly with aversion to cold, sweating intermittently, and pain stops with warming. Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction) and Huolong Gao (Fire Dragon Ointment) are required. If neglected, it becomes bent, crooked, paralyzed, hard as stone, called Shiju (Stone Carbuncle). If warm and accumulating heat fails to rupture over days, with purple-red flesh and rotting skin/muscle, it is named Shouju (Slow Carbuncle). Throughout onset to resolution, the aforementioned decoction should be taken to dispel Cold and tonify deficiency/support the interior.

One person suffered from He Xi Feng (Crane Knee Wind) for five years and was cured in three days with topical application. Wang Xinhan transmitted a recipe: Rushiang (Olibanum) and Moyao (Myrrha) each 1.5 qian, Digupi (Lycii Cortex) 3 qian, Wumingyi (Haematitum) 5 qian, Shexiang (Moschus) 1 fen. All ground to powder. Mix with juice of Cheqian Cao (Plantaginis Herba) and a little old wine, apply to the affected area. (From *Guang Biji*.)

Lizhai treated a man with left knee swelling for three months without rupture. He stated: In deficient individuals, Wind pathogen attacks bone joints, causing Qi stagnation and blockage, hence the knee swells while the leg thins, named He Xi Feng (Crane Knee Wind). Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction) for over thirty doses resolved it. Zhang Shangshe also suffered this, bedridden for half a year, draining pus for three months. He said: Initially taking Dafeng Tang (Great Wind-Dispersing Decoction) removing 1 qian of Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata), taking over thirty doses improved slightly, then removed 5 qian of Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata). Taking over thirty doses near cure, then removed Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata). Another thirty doses completed the cure. Essentially, if Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) and Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata) are needed but not used, there is no power.

Wang Rudao had knee/leg swelling and bone/tendon pain. Shixuan San (Ten-Expelling Powder) was ineffective. Pulse was deep and fine. Wuji San (Five-Accumulations Powder) for two doses stopped pain. Then Shixuan San (Ten-Expelling Powder) minus Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), plus Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) and Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex) for over thirty doses led to pus rupture and cure. This is swelling from Cold Qi, a variation of Eight Winds.